2024-03-28T11:40:37Z
http://193.30.112.23:9180/repository/oai
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1029
2017-03-27T07:04:51Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Dalle sfide interculturali, al “romanzo”, al progetto socio educativo integrato
Aluffi Pentini, Anna
Intercultural challenge, Social Work
ddc: 300
Intercultural challenge, “tale” and social educational strategy, Rome, November 2006: Police and Teachers deal differently with a little group of travellers. The analysis of this recent episode shows that intercultural issues are the basis of the educational commitment of the teachers but also of the prejudice of police and other people looking from outside to the relationship between teachers and travellers. The paradox of a double ethic concerning travellers needs to be deconstructed by the antiracist approach based on children rights. At the same time educational intervention cannot deal efficiently with emergency situations concerning children without cooperation with social work. The article underlines the role of democratic educational institutions in the developing appropriated strategies in dealing with complexes social issues which are not just to be “culturalised”.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10291
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/arsw/aluffipentini
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1032
2017-03-27T07:04:51Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Changing ‘Multi-Problem Families’ – Developing a Multi-Contextual Systemic Approach
Asen, Eia
Marginalization
systemic multi-contextual mode
ddc: 300
Over the past 30 years the Marlborough Family Service in London has pioneered multi-family work with marginalized families presenting simultaneously with abuse and neglect, family violence, substance misuse, educational failure and mental illness. The approach is based on a systemic multi-contextual mode and this chapter describes the evolving work, including the establishment of the first permanent multiple family day setting, specifically designed for and solely dedicated to the work with seemingly ‘hopeless’ families. The ingredients of ‘therapeutic assessments’ of parents and families are outlined and the importance of initial network meetings with professionals and family members is emphasized.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10320
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esw/asen
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1034
2017-03-27T07:04:51Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Between Equity and Empathy: Social Professions and the New Accountability
Banks, Sarah
accountability
ethics
social professions
equity
empathy
ddc: 300
This article explores the practical and ethical implications of the ‘new accountability’ (working to procedures, targets and standards) based on interviews with British social professionals. Although similar tendencies are present in other European countries, in Britain the rule-bound nature of social work is more intense. Practitioners who regard the ‘new accountability’ positively justify their views with reference to utilitarian and rights-based arguments relating to the promotion of good outcomes, the achievement of equity, respecting the consumer rights of service users and the rights of other stakeholders to information and value for money. Those practitioners who view the new accountability requirements negatively seem to speak in a different ‘moral voice’, which can be linked to more personal and situated approaches to ethics, stressing the importance of particular relationships in context, trust, sensitivity and a sense of ‘vocation’. Both ‘voices’ are part of professional practice, but the new accountability stresses the former at the expense of the latter. For social work to play the critical role identified by Walter Lorenz, maintaining a creative balance between equity and empathy will be important.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10349
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esw/banks
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1035
2017-03-27T07:04:51Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
The Current Discussion on Men and Masculinities
Böhnisch, Lothar
gender
ddc: 300
In the past gender specific problems were mainly discussed in a female perspective. In the meantime there is a rising attentiveness in the living conditions of men and their coping strategies within critical life events. In this paper an appropriate frame of reference is outlined which can be used in those areas of social work where men are already discovered as a target group with special difficulties and needs.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10358
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esw/boehnisch
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1036
2017-03-27T07:04:51Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Il razzismo della prosperità nell’Europa contemporanea - Riflessioni a margine del pensiero antirazzista di Walter Lorenz
Il razzismo della prosperità nell’Europa contemporanea - Riflessioni a margine del pensiero antirazzista di Walter Lorenz
Bolognari, Velleda
Migration
Racism
European policies
MulticulturalismChauvinism
Education
ddc: 300
Recent publishing on the migration phenomena in the communitarian and globalized Europe, puts in evidence a fundamental racism which is capable of making cultural processes grow and feed both chaos and social disorder. As a matter of fact we are approaching the ending debates on multicultural citizenship as well as on solidary integration and antiracism. Since the appearing of these phenomena, namely the huge post colonial migration in the nineteen-eighties, by which the colonized countries became almost “emigrant nurseries”, one could expect their stabilization. On the contrary, globalization and migration (twin subjects) everywhere still produce, at various levels, social disturbances together with some chauvinistic limitations as an ultimate kind of western prosperity defense. The peculiar European features of this new racism, less than ideological (superiority, homogeneity and civilizing mission), are confined to the concepts of patriotism, inequality and exclusion. In these terms one can understand why the new economic expansionism and the quest for new world markets makes European policies unstable, which remain undecided between conservatism, liberalism and extreme right. All this explains at least two things: the existing ambiguities of some European policies aiming to enhance particular forms of protectionism, and the difficulties in which the antiracist thought seems to be embedded. Indeed, according to what Walter Lorenz has already made clear, by using a well founded methodology, which prevents any fruitless protestations, it is impossible to contrast racism and nationalism. In such context, the educational field should try to use an operative epistemology. In other words the antiracist thought should dispose of competences and skills and, especially, personal and reflective capabilities. All this in order to avoid that which, in different historical scenes, permit the revival of the sense of moral opprobrium could not be identified with the political alibi to maintain privileges as well as advantages for the exclusive benefit of wealthy countries.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10368
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/arsw/bolognari
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1037
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Europeanization Process in Italian Social Work Education
Campanini, Annamaria
Socrates Erasmus Project
ddc: 300
The article shows the process of Europeanization of the Italian social work education.
After a brief excursus of the development of social work education in Italy, the paper presents the experiences made in the context of Socrates Erasmus project. Considering the results of the Thematic Network in Social Work organised by Parma University, some reflections are presented on the effects of Europeanization both respect the teachers and the students.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10370
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esw/campanini
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1038
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Social Work, Political Violence and Historical Change:
Campbell, Jim
Northern Ireland
political conflict
social work
ddc: 300
In this paper the author outlines the background to the history of the conflict in Northern Ireland which led to the current ‘Troubles’. In this discussion a range of key ideas are highlighted, including the nature of sectarianism and patterns of violence which have profoundly affected the society. The second part of the paper reviews a number of issues which face social workers when they try to deal with the effects of such violence as well as highlighting new challenges which have emerged as the society moves towards the resolution of conflict. It concludes with the argument that, wherever there is such conflict in the world, social workers need critically to understand the way in which political and social structures impinge upon their everyday practice.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10381
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/arsw/campbell
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1041
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
The Postmodern ‘Turn’ in Social Work: The Challenges of Identity and Equality
Dominelli, Lena
fluidity
multiplicity
social work profession
ddc: 300
Diversity and demands for equality have challenged fixed notions of identity amongst the diverse populations of Europe. This development has prompted discourses about the significance of fluidity and multiplicity in identities that have given prominence to postmodern theories in the profession of social work. A number of social work educators have contributed to the ensuing debates. Walter Lorenz’s work has contributed substantially to developments on this front by:highlighting the dangers of essentialising fixed identities in professional practice, referring to the failure of social workers to live up to professional values and ideals in the Nazi attack on Jews and others who were different from the Aryan norms that Hitler’s regime sought to impose; arguing for racial equality in multicultural Europe; and ensuring that social work theories and practice engaged with innovations in the social sciences more generally to improve the profession’s research, theoretical and practice bases. In this article, I engage with crucial debates that have shaped the profession during the post-war period, honouring Walter Lorenz’s contributions to them in the process.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10410
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/arsw/dominelli
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1043
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Sprachpolitische Subsidiarität: ein Blick auf Südtirol
Drumbl, Hans
autonomy
ddc: 300
With its economically and politically advantageous autonomy, the province of South-Tyrol (northern Italy) has developed a society in which multilingualism plays an ever more important role. As suggested in the present contribution, a solution to some still current problems and barriers that exist between the different linguistic groups can, and indeed should, be found in the principle of subsidiarity, applied consciously, and not only encouraging and accomplishing a simple improvement of the situation. Thanks to subsidiarity, we could think about eliminating existing deficits and inequality.
It is precisely with this concept in mind that, half a century ago, in an evening school for young workers and later in his parish school in Barbiana, the Italian priest Don Milani established his school for “children without a school”, an experiment which gained a wide reputation in the whole of Italy and which inspired the reform of scuola media emphasising the concept of language education.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10433
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/csei/drumbl
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1044
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Die soziale Ökonomie des Gemeinwesens - Eine sozialpolitische Entwicklungsaufgabe
The Social Economy of the Community - A developmental task for social policy
Elsen, Susanne
Community work
ddc: 300
Community work and development - Now, that market economy is no longer faced with territorial boundaries, the spheres of life within the limits of local communities are gaining new importance in terms of sustained patterns of development.
This extended meaning of local community as a place for mastering the challenges of life and as a framework for developing future-oriented solutions to social, ecological and economic problems, corresponds to the extended meaning of community-based social work as an effort to shape social life and generate social change.
Community-economy follows the original sense of human economy, defined by Aristotle. It is the idea of the “oikos”, an economy for the satisfaction of needs of the “whole house” - of the young and the old, the healthy and sick, of the living and future generations and the not-human world. In this sense “oikonomia” means household management.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10446
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esp/elsen
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1045
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Die Erziehung zu einer aktiven Bürgerschaft
Education for active citizenship
Educare alla cittadinanza attiva
Guerra, Luigi
Civic Education
Socio-political education
ddc: 300
Trying to give a definition of Citizenship Education is a challenging operation: it is characterized by a variety of meanings flowing from Civic Education (related to knowledge and practice about the system of laws, rules, conventions referring to a particular civil community) to Socio-political education (related to the awareness of being part of the system of cultural elements, values, traditions historically produced by the community itself).
It would be not be correct identifying Citizenship Education only with elements of Civic Education, as it would restrict its range to formal level of rules and laws, rights and duties. Otherwise, limiting its understanding only on elements of Sociopolitical Education, would offer the risk of investing in cultural similarities, common roots, values homogeneity, that are strong in giving hold on identity, membership, participation, but so exposed to acts of fanaticism, exclusion of diversity, hostility towards minorities.
Therefore, it is necessary to assume that Citizenship Education has to be established on problematic integration of the two presented perspectives, thus founding knowledge and practice about the rules of civil society on the system of values and cultural aspects that every single micro-community (and every single individual) recognizes to be source of the rules: a complex system of various elements made of homogeneity and inhomogeneity, similarities and differences in constant modification an dynamic intercommunication.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10454
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/csei/guerra
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1046
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Ausbildung und Praxis gehören zusammen - Die Bedeutung der Praxisorientierung in der Ausbildung von SozialarbeiterInnen und SozialpädagogInnen
Education and practice belong together - The relevance of practice orientation in the (University) education of Social Workers and Social Pedagogues
Gunsch, Reinhard
Tragust, Karl
Autonomous Province of Bolzano
social service
ddc: 300
In this paper the authors review the expectations of the “practice field” of the social services in Southern Tirol in the light of the “Recommendations for a university-based study programme for social work” (Empfehlungen zum universitären Studiengang für Soziale Arbeit), published by the “Autonomous Province of Bolzano“.
They stress the mutual relationship -“give and take” - between the two learning areas (Lernfelder) i.e. the practice field and the university setting in the process of professional education and training of Social Workers and Social Pedagogues.
In this context the “practice field” offers various means to the University in order to enhance the development of “Social Work” both as a professional activity and an academic discipline. Additionally the authors express their gratitude to Walter Lorenz and underline his contributions to and impact on the practice field in the region.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10463
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/csei/gunschtragust
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1047
2017-03-27T07:04:52Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Verheißungen der Zivilgesellschaft
Promises of the Civil Society
Hamburger, Franz
Stauf, Eva
Lauer, Felicia
European Union
Market
Integration
Social Work
ddc: 300
The European integration process mainly consists of the development of a European Single Market. Its political regulation is contradictory and conflicting as it is managed by a committee of the governments which - on a different level - operate against each other as representatives of competing nations. Beyond market and states the national citizens expect a culture of consent-orientated acknowledgement from a European civil society. This expectation has been very distinct in those countries which joined the European Union in 2004. In this contribution results are reported from a survey on representatives of Middle and East European networks of social work. They had been questioned about their experiences with aspects of the eastward expansion of the EU. It becomes apparent that the promises of the civil society are overdone and that it comes down to a balance of civil liberty, welfare state and the self-regulation of the civil society.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10475
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/csei/hamburgeretal
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1048
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Traditionen, Utopien, Dekonstruktionen - die Sozialstaatskonzepte des 'Ostblocks' (1945-1990)
Traditions, Utopias, Deconstruction – Concepts of the Social State in the Eastern Bloc (1945-1990)
Hering, Sabine
Welfare state
Social Work
ddc: 300
The welfare state concepts in Eastern Europe under state socialism (1945-1990) were based on the conviction that only the state was responsible for solving all social problems. The 'bourgeois' manners of individual care were substituted by general measures in the field of labour- and family politics, as well as urban development. The experience showed however that this way of substitution was an illusion, because certain target groups were still in need of help (for example ill or handicapped children and adults, elderly people etc). Nevertheless, most of the Eastern European countries - with the exception of Yugoslavia - decided to abolish the existing forms of professional social work and the training for social workers. Instead, they invented 'surrogate structures' to manage the care for the 'needy': Various institutions and occupational groups (schools, hospitals and ambulances, employees groups etc.) took over the tasks of social workers and were trained to fulfil this as a kind of 'social practice'.
Therefore, it is wrong to claim that social work was completely abolished under state socialism, But: as social work 'as such' did not exist any longer, it is more reasonable to speak of welfare state concepts, including social policy on one hand, and non- or paraprofessional social practice on the other. To characterize the effect of these welfare state concepts three parameter of interpretation seem to be useful: 'traditions', 'visions', and 'deconstructions' - embedded in a system of repression as well as incentives.
Traditions: The huge 'social laboratory' that was installed was not a totally new one - it still carried on the heritage of the bygone: some bourgeois traces as well as elements out of the fascist heritage and -last but not least - the traditions of their own socialist movement.
Visions: The socialist traditions included visions of social justice, the creation of a 'new mankind', a classless society, the end of exploitation and a peaceful living together of all people. Although the 'real existing socialism' has destroyed most of these visions, the power of these utopian ideas has outshined a lot of the every day’s misfortune and injustice for quite a long time.
Deconstructions: The term of 'deconstruction' has a threefold meaning: the deconstruction of professional welfare, the deconstruction - in the sense of reinterpretation - of the socialist ideals such as social justice and social security, making an instrument of inclusion and exclusion out of it. And the deconstruction that is necessary to free the history of social work under state socialism from the prejudices and distorting practices, from both sides, the east and the west.
In the contribution these three parameter of interpretation are applied on the following issues: The gaps in the 'overall system' of social security; working morale and education for work; mass organisations as an instrument of egalitarianism and general prevention; de-professionalisation by 'surrogating' social work; the 'transparent client'; church as refuge or 'state organ'; women’s politics as bio-politics.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10485
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esp/hering
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1050
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Walter Lorenz – Wegbegleiter und Orientierungspunkt in der interkulturellen Sozialen Arbeit
Walter Lorenz – Companion and Point of Orientation in Intercultural Social Work
Hoffmann, Martin
Social Welfare Problems
European Network of European Universities and Schools of Social Work
ddc: 300
First meeting, common interests and ways together
The European Centre for Social Welfare, Training and Research situated in Vienna, was our first meeting place. W. Lorenz was interested in the international comparison of the different concepts and perspectives of social welfare problems in the European countries and the different developments in the training of social professions in Europe.
The challenge of intercultural, antiracist social work in the context of Erasmus-Intensive Seminars
To organize an intensive seminar with the aim to train students and colleagues for intercultural and antiracist competence in social professions, we formed an European network of European universities and schools of s.w. in Vienna (VIENNET), with the support of ECCE (European Centre of Community Education) in Koblenz.
“The group discovered that working on these issues in an international context raises issues of ‘difference’ with renewed acuteness”(cit. W. Lorenz).
We learned to cope with a variety of differences: biographical, language, theoretical and institutional backgrounds and discourse traditions.
A Venue for an Intensive Seminar
In choosing a venue for an Intensive Seminar we were relatively free. We locked for a place, “one dream about”, to support in the best way our seminar aims, to promote a base built on knowledge, skills and values particularly in the area of inner/outer borders, disadvantage, ignorance, minorities, majorities, vulnerable groups, racism and xenophobia. In a small village in Burgenland (Austria), very close to the Hungarian border, we thought to have found it.
Future Prospect
Are we only representatives of our background institutions or did we act and exposed ourselves as persons with a very specific biography and training experience. Can we sustain this created network, as a network of experts and friends in the field of intercultural, antiracist social work? This question is still open.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10500
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/arsw/hoffmann
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1052
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Social Work in an Ethnically Diverse Europe: The Shifting Challenges of Difference
Husband, Charles
Anti-racism
assimilationism
counter-narratives to multiculturalism
ethnic hybridity
politics of difference
social cohesion
ddc: 300
This article addresses the inherently politicised context of social work practice located within the contested logics and values of national social policy and professional values and identities. Noting the key role of social work in delivering the state’s promise of social citizenship, it is argued that the increasing neo-nationalist sentiments and politics in European states generate significant pressures upon the universalist, inclusive, values of social work in a multiethnic Europe. The academic and policy debate around social cohesion is explored to illustrate how an assimilationist drift in multicultural state policies undermines the capacity of social work services to deliver appropriate, ethnically sensitive, services. It is further argued that the pervasive spread of populist counter-narratives to multiculturalism erode support for anti-racist and transcultural social work practice. In this context it is argued that social work must acknowledge its compromised situation and explicitly develop a political agenda committed to guaranteeing substantive equality in service delivery.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10524
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esp/husband
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1053
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Work in Progress: Social Work, the State and Europe
Lyons, Karen
Migration
Professional Project
ddc: 300
Social work has had varying relationships with the nation state both over time and between different countries. From its early stages the occupation had both state sanctioned and voluntary streams. Its international dimension has been enhanced in the European context through policy and funding measures over the past few decades.
During this period we have also seen the rise of globalising trends leading to questions about the ongoing powers of nation states. This paper examines some aspects of the relationship between social work and the state, taking into account the emergence of European and also international policies and frameworks.
The paper focuses initially on migration as an example of a common trend; an area of policy with both national and European dimensions; and a field in which social professionals are engaged to varying degrees. Secondly, it considers the progress of the ‘professional project’ in Europe, using developments in five countries to illustrate some of the issues associated with ‘professionalization’. European and international frameworks may lead to some convergence in national understandings of the key roles of social workers and an enhanced sense of professional identity across nation states, despite very different starting points and current forms of organisation.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10532
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esw/lyons
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1054
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Towards the Transversalism of Social Pedagogy
Marynowicz-Hetka, Ewa
ontological
epistemological
axiological
social work
ddc: 300
The text below is a small contribution to this discussion about the search for ontological, epistemological and axiological references, which enable us to develop hypotheses that explain social events and processes within the field of social work. It is also a very synthetic presentation of social pedagogy’s point of view on the processes and individually enacted events that occur in the field of practice. We describe this point of view as the transversal dimension of social pedagogy.
The thesis of the viewpoint presented here refers to an expectation that social pedagogy, understood as a certain theoretical construct (epistemological-ontological-axiological), will provide us with an orientation for social action undertaken in the field of social practice.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10543
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esw/marynowiczhetka
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1055
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Citizenship and Mental Health Policy in Europe
Prior, Pauline
Citizenship
mental disorder
Europe
ddc: 300
The problems confronted by people who experience mental disorders are often conceptualised in terms of health and illness. However, these problems extend far beyond the healthcare system, into all areas of human life. Having a psychiatric diagnosis may have a negative impact on every aspect of the individual’s life, leading to the deprivation or limitation of rights in relation to housing, employment, and family life. In this article, some of these problems are discussed within the theoretical framework of debates on citizenship and on human rights. As the context is Europe, reference is made to the recent policy initiatives with the EU, to national and European level consumer organisations and to cases brought before the European Court of Human Rights.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10550
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esp/prior
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1056
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
The Diverse Impacts of the Neo-liberal Social Policies on Children’s Welfare and Social Work with Young People: The Finnish Perspective
Satka, Mirja
Harrikari, Timo
Hoikkala, Susanna
Pekkarinen, Elina
globalization
neo-liberal social policies
Children´s citizenship
ddc: 300
This article discusses the impacts of globalization, neo-liberal social policies and the Finnish economic recession of the 1990s on children's and young people's welfare. It summarises some of the impacts of Finnish social policies on the everyday lives of families with children and highlights some of the features of the recent and current debates surrounding youth delinquency and the societal reactions to young generations. All this contributes to a contradictory and conflicting societal context which challenges experts in the field of child welfare social work experts to operate - as expected - at the right moment, legally and effectively. Instead of being overly-defensive for the ‘good old’ ways of practicing social work with children, the authors invite social work scholars and practitioners to reconceptualise both the concept of children's citizenship and its position both in child welfare theory and practice in the context of children's global rights.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10568
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/esp/satkaetal
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1058
2017-03-27T07:04:53Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Soziale Dienste, Schule und zivilgesellschaftliches Klima
Social Services, School and the Climate of Civil Society
Sting, Stephan
knowledge-based societies
cooperation
school related social services
Europe
ddc: 300
In an international perspective cooperation between social services and school has a long tradition. In the German speaking countries we can recognize a historical distance or gap between school and “social pedagogy”, but despite this tradition new forms of cooperation are arising since the last few years. This tendency is part of the development of European societies into “knowledge-based societies” where knowledge and cultural capital are becoming ever stricter criteria for participation in society. This puts particular pressure on those adolescents who threaten to fail in the positional competition for educational qualifications. And it tends to the reproduction and reinforcing of social inequalities due to inequalities in education.
For that reason in the article the development of school related social services in different European countries is investigated and it is shown that the increasing pressure to qualification and selection in school creates various problems of integration. Social dimensions of education are pointed out delivering starting points for the cooperation of social services in school and opening opportunities for productive forms of coping with differences between family background, informal social environment and educational milieu in school. Particular attention is paid to differences in socio cultural habits, in socio economical opportunities and in collective practices of interaction.
A central focus in the contribution is the orientation towards a participative civil society climate relevant for the interaction between teachers and pupils and between professionals and addressees of social services as well. It is a task of future research in school related social services to analyse their institutional structure and their practices of professional interaction and to find out by European and international comparison in which way social services can contribute to the establishing of a participative civil society climate in school.
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10589
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/csei/sting
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1062
2017-03-27T07:04:54Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Epilogue: Walter Lorenz - Social Work - Central and Eastern European Countries
Chytil, Oldřich
ECCE
Europe
ddc: 300
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10626
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/epilogue/chytil
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1064
2017-03-27T07:04:54Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Walter Lorenz - Mentor einer kritischen Europäischen Sozialen Arbeit (German Introduction)
Friesenhahn, Günter J.
Otto, Hans-Uwe
Seibel, Friedrich W.
Social Work
ddc: 300
2007-05-06
2007-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10640
http://www.socwork.net/2007/festschrift/introduction/friesenhahnottoseibel
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1078
2017-03-27T07:04:54Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Walter Lorenz - Mentor of a critical European Social Work
Friesenhahn, Günter J.
Otto, Hans-Uwe
Seibel, Friedrich W.
introduction festschrift lorenz
ddc: 300
2007-05-21
2007-05-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-10787
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/festschrift/introduction/friesenhahn_otto_seibel
Social Work & Society ; 5 , Festschrift Walter Lorenz
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1127
2017-03-27T07:04:55Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Social Work Students’ Use of Knowledge in Direct Practice – Reasons, Strategies and Effects
Blom, Björn
Nygren, Lennart
Nyman, Cia
Scheid, Carina
knowledge
social work
Ricoeur
narrative analysis
evidence
ddc: 300
This article describes a study of Swedish social work students’ use of knowledge during their field practice. Data was collected by using short written narratives, where the students reflect on situations from practice, situations they experienced as critical or problematic. The narratives were analysed with a method inspired by the interpretation theory of Paul Ricoeur.
The article starts with a discussion adhering to the present trend of evidence-based social work practice. This is followed by a study of 144 narratives from social work students containing critical or problematic events. A quantitative description of the material as well as qualitative model of two type-strategies, that social work students use, is presented.
The results show, among other things, that students use several forms of knowledge, where facts/evidence is one of several. The study also shows that there is a strong adaptation to varying critical situations. A conclusion is that it is difficult to a priori define the types and proportions of knowledge to use in social work practice.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11270
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/articles/blometal
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1128
2017-03-27T07:04:55Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Theory and Practice: A Matter of Words. Language, Knowledge and Professional Community in Social Work
Fargion, Silvia
social work language
social work knowledge
professional community
professional language games
theory/ practice
ddc: 300
The relation between theory and practice in social work has always been controversial. Recently, many have underlined how language is crucial in order to capture how knowledge is used in practice. This article introduces a language perspective to the issue, rooted in the ‘strong programme’ in the sociology of knowledge and in Wittgenstein’s late work. According to this perspective, the meaning of categories and concepts corresponds to the use that concrete actors make of them as a result of on-going negotiation processes in specific contexts. Meanings may vary dramatically across social groups moved by different interests and holding different cultures. Accordingly, we may reformulate the issue of theory and practice in terms of the connections between different language games and power relationship between segments of the professional community. In this view, the point is anyway to look at how theoretical language relates to practitioners’ broader frames, and how it is transformed while providing words for making sense of experience.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11281
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/articles/fargion
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1129
2017-03-27T07:04:55Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
An Australian Perspective on Singaporean Welfare Policy
Mendes, Philip
social assistance
Confucianism
welfarism
self-reliance
social development
ddc: 300
From a Western perspective, Singapore appears to be an overt example of a neo-liberal welfare regime based on low social expenditure, and limited and discretionary social assistance. But the true picture is arguably more complex. Singapore’s welfare policy is driven by strong cultural assumptions around individual and family self-reliance, and the inappropriateness of state welfare provision. However, there is also a strong emphasis on communal responsibility for supporting the disadvantaged. Some conclusions are drawn about the limitations of existing policies, and possible new directions for the future.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11296
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/articles/mendes
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1130
2017-03-27T07:04:55Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Enabling Access to Welfare Services - the Place of Social Solidarity and Dialogue
Patni, Rachana
solidarity
welfare state
immigrant
multi-cultural services
south Asian
ddc: 300
The welfare state in the UK presents immigrant communities with a set of institutions, which are potentially new and unknown. What is the best way to ensure that the questions of access to the welfare institutions are best managed? Trusting, understanding and feeling solidarity with the welfare state will obviously help with this problem. In order to shed light on this phenomenon, this paper presents a qualitative exploratory study dealing with elements of solidarity as perceived by members of the South Asian Community in the UK. Six indepth interviews with South Asian first generation immigrants who had never experienced mental health problems were conducted. They were asked questions about who their support networks would be in the event of them experiencing mental health problems. The thematic analysis of the interviews suggests that the respondents believed that solidarity and support ties are found to be present in families, within the south Asian community and also with welfare institutions. It is concluded that there although things are far from perfect, assimilation and integration based on dialogue is an observable positive aspect of mental health service provision in the UK.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11303
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/articles/patni
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1132
2017-03-27T07:04:55Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Neighbourhoods Mobilise the Troops - Community Organising, Violence and Governmentality
Stövesand, Sabine
domestic violence
neighbourhood
community work
local crime prevention
governmentality
ddc: 300
The article reflects on the difficult relation between community work against domestic violence and local crime prevention under the conditions of the neoliberal state that cuts down on social benefits and promotes self-help, active citizenship and self-responsibility instead while at the same time restoring the punishing state with its strict regime of law-and-order. The author describes a project Tarantula - she started herself while being a social worker in Hamburg, Germany. Tarantula was aimed at strengthening social networks and the neighbours' willingness to get involved in favour of affected women. Although conceptualized as an emancipatory approach referring to community organizing in the tradition of social movements it is questionable whether and how this can really work in the current situation. At present, the field of crime control is being reconfigured as a result of political and administrative decisions, which, for their part, are based on a new structure of social relations and cultural attitudes. The demolition of the 'welfare state' means the re-coding of the security policy that facilitates the development of interventionist techniques that govern and control individuals through their own ability to act.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11322
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/articles/stoevesand
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1138
2017-03-27T07:04:57Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Servizi Sociali Territoriali e Università: Esempi di Sinergie Possibili per un Percorso di Qualità
Bini, Laura
academic and practice social work
research
professionalization in Italy
ddc: 300
Although – or because – social work education in Italy has for some 15 years now been exclusively in the domain of the university the relationship between the academic world and that of practice has been highly tenuous. Research is indeed being conducted by universities, but rarely on issues that are of immediate practice relevance. This means that forms of practice develop and become established habitually which are not checked against rigorous standards of research and that the creation of knowledge at academic level pays scant attention to the practice implications of social changes. This situation has been made even worse by the dwindling resources both in social services and at the level of the universities which means that bureaucratic procedures or imports of specialisations from other disciplines frequently dominate the development of practice instead of a theory-based approach to methodology. This development does not do justice to the actual requirements of Italian society faced with ever increasing post-modern complexity which is reflected also in the nature of social problems because it implies a continuation of a faith in modernity with its idea of technical, clear-cut solutions while social relations have decidedly moved beyond that belief. This discrepancy puts even greater strain on the personnel of welfare agencies and does ultimately not satisfy the ever increasing demands for quality and accountability of services on the part of users and the general public. Social workers badly lack fundamental theoretical reference points which could guide them in their difficult work to arrive at autonomous, situation-specific methodological answers not based on procedures but on analytical knowledge.
Thirty years ago, in 1977, a Presidential Decree created the legal basis for the establishment of social service departments at the level of municipalities which created opportunities for the direct involvement of the community in the fight against exclusion. For this potential to be fully utilized it would have required the bringing together of three dimensions, the organizational structure, the opportunities for learning and research in the territory and the contribution by the professional community. As this did not occur social services in Italy still often retain the character of charity which does not concern itself with the actual causes of poverty and exclusion. This in turn affects the relationship with citizens in general who cannot develop trust in those services. Through uncritical processes of interaction Edgar Morin’s dictum manifests itself which is that without resorting to critical reflection on complexity interventions can often have an effect that totally the opposite to the original intention.
An important element in setting up a dynamic interchange between academia and practice is the placement on professional social work courses. Here the looping of theory to practice and back to theory etc. can actually take place under the right organizational and conceptual conditions, more so than in abstract, and for practitioners often useless debates about the theory-practice connection. Furthermore, research projects at the University of Florence Social Work Department for instance aim at fostering theoretical reflection at the level of and with the involvement of municipal social service agencies. With a general constructive disposition towards research and some financial investment students were facilitated to undertake social service practice related research for their degree theses for instance in the city of Pistoia. In this way it was also possible to strengthen the confidence and professional identity of social workers as they became aware of the contribution their own discipline can make to practice-relevant research instead of having to move over to disciplines like psychology for those purposes. Examples of this fruitful collaboration were presented at a conference in Pistoia on 25 June 2007. One example is a thesis entitled ‘The object of social work’ and examines the difficult development of definitions of social work and comes to the conclusion that ‘nothing is more practical than a theory’. Another is on coping abilities as a necessary precondition for the utilization of resources supplied by social services in exceptional circumstances. Others deal with the actual sequence of interventions in crisis situations, and one very interestingly looks at time and how it is being constructed often differently by professionals and clients.
At the same time as this collaboration on research gathers momentum in the Toscana, supervision is also being demanded more forcefully as complementary to research and with the same aim of profiling more strongly the professional identity of social work. Collaboration between university and social service filed is for mutual benefit. At a time when professional practice is under threat of being defined from the outside through bureaucratic prescriptions a sound grounding in theory is a necessary precondition for competent practice.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11385
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/essays/bini
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
ita
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1139
2017-03-27T07:04:57Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
René Sand (1877-1953) and His Contribution to International Social Work, IASSW-President 1946 – 1953
Eilers, Kerstin
Historical Portrait
Professional Social Work in Europe
ddc: 300
The extraordinary significance of the life and work of René Sand lies in his central position as a mediator, promoter and coordinator of social work on an increasingly international level during the interwar-period and it can hardly be overestimated.
To approach the achievements of Sand’s life and work you have to work archaeologically as he does not seem to have left any traces in the literature on social history. In Germany, even within the field of social work his name is hardly known. His biographical sketch and his importance for the development of the profession of social work have fallen into oblivion.
The situation is a little different in the French-speaking countries where a biography has been published (compare Anciaux 1988a, b, c) which contains a detailed record of Sand’s writings.
Altogether this lack of interest is regrettable because it doesn’t consider that René Sand is exemplary and in some parts fundamental to the emergence of professional social work in the 1920s in Belgium and Europe. Professional social work was established by a consequent international orientation and an emancipation from neighbouring fields such as social medicine and hygiene.
Therefore it is a rewarding task to draw attention to this pioneer of social work and make the public appreciate his work.
I want to emphasize explicitly that in this portrait Sand’s achievements concerning social work will be the main focus, even if this is an inevitable reduction of his accomplishments in the field of medicine and social medicine.
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11392
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/historicalportraits/eilers
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1140
2017-03-27T07:04:57Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Civil Society
Kessl, Fabian
Civil Society
Glossary
Definition
ddc: 300
2007-08-09
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11409
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/glossary/kessl
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1150
2017-03-27T07:04:57Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Quality Management and Formalization in Social Service Organizations - A Survey on Home-Based Family Intervention Services
Beckmann, Christof
Otto, Hans-Uwe
Schaarschuch, Andreas
Schrödter, Mark
Quality management
Job Diagnostic Survey
Social work; Social service
Standardization
Formalization
Professionalization
Managerialism
ddc: 300
Although the effects of quality management on social work are still widely unexplored, critics suspect that it will lead to a negative standardization of working conditions, whereas supporters of quality management hope for a greater transparency and effectiveness of service delivery. This article reports on a survey of 30 managers, 261 professionals, and 435 families in 30 family intervention service organizations. It uses cluster analysis to explore the relationship between quality management and different forms of work formalization. Results showed that working conditions generally are enabling for professional practice, but differences exist between what is called here a managerialist machine bureaucracy, an atomistic professional organization, and a collegiate professional organization.
2007-08-08
2007-08-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-11505
http://www.socwork.net/mission_lorenz/5/1/researchnotes/beckmann_et_al
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1268
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Jan Floris de Jongh (1910 – 1988), President of IASSW 1954-1961
Riga, Albert
School for Social Work
United Nations Research Institute
ddc: 300
Jan Floris de Jongh played an undoubtedly significant role in the development of social work within and beyond The Netherlands. Yet, he and his contributions to the field are barely known, particularly in The Netherlands. His achievements warrant much more attention given that this Dutchman was also one of the most relevant figures in the international social work community.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12681
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/historicalportraits/riga
SW&S ; 5 , 2
ita
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1269
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Poverty in Israel
Michel, Dirk
Schertges, Claudia
Bedouins, Druzes, Israeli Arabs and poverty
Intra-Jewish-ethnic lines
Social and Health Policies in Israel
Poverty of Holocaust survivors
Poverty of children and families
ddc: 300
The paper deals with poverty within Israel. Against the background of the history of pre-state Israel and the developments after the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 the historical roots of Israeli poverty are analyzed. Thus the ‘socialist’-Zionist project, ethnic exclusion, religious and intra-Jewish ethnic lines of conflict as well as the Bedouins, Druzes and Israeli Arabs as ‘specific’ Israeli citizen are discussed.
Despite the economic growth in Israel since 2003 ‘the majority of Israeli wage earners (over 60percent) earned less than $1,450 a month last year’ (Goldstein 2007, p. 1). In 2004 1.3 million Israelis lived below the poverty line, a number which in 2005 increased to more than 1.5 million Israelis. In spite of growing economic prosperity the proportion of families belonging to the working-poor, i.e. families with at least one family member in paid employment, increased from 11.4 percent in 2004 to 12.2 percent in 2005. The percentage of poor families in the working population increased from 40.6 percent to 43.1 percent. Nearly 60 percent of the ‘working-poor’ were working fulltime (Sinai 2006a, Shaoul 2006).
42 percent of Israeli Arab families are living below the poverty line. The average wages are less than half the wages of Ashkenazi Jews. Every second Israeli Arab child lives in poverty. When in 1996 to 2001 the unemployment rate of the Jewish Israelis increased by about 53 percent, the unemployment rate of the Arab Israelis increased by 126 percent (cf. Shaoul 2006).
80 percent of Israelis regard themselves as poor. 23 percent of the pensioners are living below the poverty line. Poverty among children increased in 1988 to 2005 by about 50 percent. Approximately one fifth of all under-age children (714.000) in Israel are suffering from hunger (cf. Shaoul 2006). 75 percent of the poor families cannot afford medicine and 70 percent are dependant on food donations (cf. Sinai 2005b).
Nearly one third of the Holocaust survivors are living in poverty. Some of the Holocaust survivors get $ 600,- per month from the German government, whilst other Holocaust survivors receive only $ 350,- per month from the Israeli Ministry of Finance and the Holocaust survivors that immigrated to Israel after 1953 (who amount to 70 percent of the Holocaust survivors in Israel) only receive the general national pension. Nearly 20 percent of the Holocaust survivors are at the present time 86 years and older, 70 percent are older than 76 years. (cf. Medina 2007, p. 1) They are not entitled to a supplementary payment or to compensation. But the problematic economic situation of the Holocaust survivors is neither new information nor an unknown fact. As a result of the precarious situation several are in need of the help of welfare organizations, because they cannot afford to some degree their necessary medicine.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12695
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/essays/michelschertges
SW&S ; 5 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1270
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Book Review of “The Origins of Social Work: Continuity and Change”. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, by Malcolm Payne
Schmoller, John
Western European Social Work
ddc: 300
Malcolm Payne’s latest work proposes to survey the continuity and change in social work from its inception and origins, up until the present day. In order to do justice to the theme, its author could have concentrated on developing a narrative of a national enterprise, or restricted himself to a regional analysis (Western European Social Work) or opt instead for a more narrowly focused cultural exploration, White Anglo-Saxon Social Work (WASSW). One can only infer that limiting himself in this fashion would have struck the author as parochial, or rather, that only a truly global enterprise could satisfy his capacious mind. One is left to marvel at the invocation of Darwin’s great work and wonder what was the process of the author’s “natural” selection of this material.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12702
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/bookreviews/schmoller
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1286
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Everyday Sexuality and Social Work: Locating Sexuality in Professional Practice and Education
Dunk, Priscilla
everyday sexuality
social work education
social work practice
late-modernity
identity
ddc: 300
Social work has seen increased intellectual interest in sexuality. However, little attention has been paid to the relevance of everyday sexuality for professional practice or how this might be integrated within existing social work curricula. This paper proposes that knowledge about everyday sexuality is vital to social workers as they deal with a variety of clients faced with the increasing complexities brought about by late-modernity. Additionally, it is argued that this knowledge base is congruent with the ethical and political dimensions of the profession. The PLISSIT model is presented as a possible pedagogical framework for social work education in this area.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12864
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/articles/dunk
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1287
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Equality and Diversity in the Dutch Welfare State
van Houten, Douwe
Welfare Systems
EU Social Policy
Equality
Diversity
ddc: 300
Under the Constitution, the equality principle is very important in the Netherlands. This article argues that there is little evidence for equal citizenship in the Netherlands. There is anti-discrimination legislation in the Netherlands, but it is not very robust. The core argument in this article is that the equality principle must be supplemented by the diversity principle. Diversity is multi-dimensional and can refer to religion, philosophy of life, political persuasion, race (ethnicity), gender, nationality, sexual orientation, age, disability and chronic illness. In this paper multi-culturalism and disability are taken into account and we make a comparison of the social position of disabled people and people from ethnic minorities. Policies on diversity are needed to arrive at diverse citizenship in a varied society. This implies that a distinction has to be made between political citizenship and cultural citizenship. The former has to do with equality, and the latter with diversity.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12872
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/articles/vanhouten
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1288
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Victim Support in a Changing Welfare State
Svensson, Kerstin
crime victim
penal state
secondary victimisation
victim support
welfare state
ddc: 300
This article discusses how new kinds of individual needs develop parallel to the changes in the welfare state. From a study of Victim Service in Sweden it is shown how this organisation has grown parallel to the changes in the welfare state. In the empirical material it is also shown that the need of support often comes from secondary victimisation. Those who are helped by Victim Support are often people with loose bonds to society and people of low class. As victims they can get help from Victim Support, but the need derives from lacking service in the welfare state. NGOs has replaced organisations in the public sector at the same time as the neo-liberal conception of crime, threats and risk has replaced the social democratic ideas of social security.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12889
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/articles/svensson
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1289
2017-03-27T07:04:59Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Contingencies for Intercultural Dialogue in Virtual Space: An Empirical Research on the Role of Internet in Fostering Intercultural Competences from the Perspective of Migrant Youth
Wang, Yafang
Culture
Migration
Communication
Digital Divide
ddc: 300
Against the background of the emerging multicultural migration society, acquisition of intercultural competences is getting vitally important for youngsters to actively and effectively engage with intercultural dialogue in a co-existent life context. Contingencies for such intercultural dialogue and to foster intercultural competences of youngsters are opened in virtual space when youth with different ethnic, social and cultural background go online. However, differences in Internet use and competences acquisition as “digital inequality” also exist among youth with different socio-cultural background. This article reports on a quantitative survey of 300 Turkish migrant youth in Germany as empirical sample about how Internet use generally fosters their intercultural competences, what differences exist among them and which indicators can explain the differences. Preliminary findings show that the contingencies of Internet in fostering intercultural competences are still not much employed and realised by Turkish migrant youth. Four online groups connected with bonding, bridging, both (bonding and bridging) and none socio-cultural networks are found out based on the cluster analysis with SPSS. These different networks, from the perspective of social cultural capital, can explain the differences concerning development of intercultural competences among them. It is indicated in this research that many Turkish migrant youth still lack recognition and capabilities to construct their intercultural social networks or relations through using Internet and further to employ the relations as intercultural social capital or social support in their life context. This therefore poses a critical implication for youth work to help migrant youth construct and reconstruct their socio-cultural networks through using Internet so as to extend social support for competences acquisition.
2007-12-29
2007-12-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-12897
http://www.socwork.net/2007/2/researchnotes/wang
Social Work & Society ; 5 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1448
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Prof. Abye Tasse (Ethiopia), President 2004-2008
Lyons, Karen
IASSW
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14481
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/lyons
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1449
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Alice Salomon (Germany), President 1928/29-1946
Kuhlmann, Carola
IASSW
Salomon belongs to the known and nevertheless unknown ‘pioneers’ of social work in the world. She founded one of the first Schools of Social Work (Berlin 1908) and was the first president of the International Association of Schools of Social Work (1929-1937). Her theoretical work however is almost forgotten or not really part of the debate about social work history.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14493
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/kuhlmann
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1450
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Dame Eileen Younghusband (United Kingdom), President 1961-1968
Lyons, Karen
IASSW
Dame Eileen Younghusband died in a car accident on a lecture tour in the in the USA at a point when preparations had commenced for her 80th Birthday celebrations. Her working life had spanned a significant era in the history of the development of social work and education for the profession in the UK and more widely; and she herself had made a major contribution to these developments. She differs from earlier pioneering figures presented in these historical portraits in representing ‘the next generation’ of significant women in the history of social work. Nevertheless, she was a pioneer in the sense of initiating radical changes as described later in this portrait.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14500
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/lyons2
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1451
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Heinrich Schiller (Germany), President 1980 – 1988
Wieler, Joachim
IASSW
Thanks to the Editor of this book for the invitation to continue the series of IASSW Presidents with Prof. Dr. Heinrich Schiller, MSW. It is an honour to pay tribute to one of my role models as a social worker and social work teacher and to a friend of many years.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14518
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/wieler
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1452
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Herman D. Stein (USA), President 1968 - 1976
Kendall, Katherine A.
IASSW
Herman Stein, President of the International Association of Schools of Social Work from 1968 - 1976, has for more than sixty years excelled as an educator, scholar, internationalist, university administrator, and leader in a variety of professional associations.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14521
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/kendall
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1453
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Introduction: A brief journey through the 80 year history of the International Association of Schools of Social Work
Healy, Lynne M.
IASSW
The leaders of the International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW) have played major roles in shaping the organization over its 80 year history. This brief introduction will put their roles in the context of the organization’s history. While influenced by its presidents in significant ways, the organization’s trajectory has also been affected by the political, economic and social developments of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. Significant changes have occurred in the organization and in social work education, yet, as Feustel (2006) observed, “the history of the IASSW demonstrates lines of continuity that are even more remarkable for the fact that it was caught up in the great historical ruptures of the 20th century” (p. 3).
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14537
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/healy
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1454
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Jan Floris de Jongh (Netherlands), President 1954-1961
Riga, Albert
IASSW
Jan Floris de Jongh played an undoubtedly significant role in the development of social work within and beyond The Netherlands. Yet, he and his contributions to the field are barely known, particularly in The Netherlands. His achievements warrant much more attention given that this Dutchman was also one of the most relevant figures in the international social work community.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14541
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/riga
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1455
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Katherine A. Kendall (USA), Honorary President since 1978
Healy, Lynne M.
IASSW
For more than two-thirds of the life of the International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW), Katherine Kendall has been among its leaders. She began her involvement in 1950, served as the first paid Secretary General of the Association in the 1970's and, now in her late 90's, continues to share her wisdom as Honorary President. Beginning in 1950, she attended all the IASSW congresses except 2 (1990 and 1998) until 2004, when health issues prevented long international trips. She personally knew and worked with every President except the first. Thus, although the IASSW began with sustained involvement and contributions of two remarkable founders, Alice Salomon and René Sand, Kendall has surpassed all in terms of her enduring commitment to international social work education and its professional organization. Kendall's remarkable professional career spans 7 decades. Her international involvements began even earlier.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14554
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/healy2
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1456
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Lena Dominelli (United Kingdom), President 1996 - 2004
Callahan, Marilyn
IASSW
Professor Lena Dominelli is one of those people whose passion for social justice has made a significant difference to the lives of many people and to her profession, social work. If you have ever spent time with her, as I have done, you will know that she simply never stops. She has ideas for what must be done immediately to address current injustices and also proposes strategies for the long term. She takes action on the basis of her ideas, bringing in whoever might be able to help at a given moment on a particular issue. She draws you in with her unwavering optimism and her practical solutions and before long you find yourself in the midst of accomplishing what appeared to be impossible. A social worker par excellence.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14568
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/callahan
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1457
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Preface and Acknowledgements
Seibel, Friedrich W.
IASSW
This historical overview traces the history of IASSW through portraits of the sequence of its presidents.
The history of this organisation is not only connected with major phases of the history of the 20th century but also partly with my own history as a member and teacher of a historically rooted profession and discipline.
I was inspired to commission this series of portraits by my numerous encounters with international colleagues and their rich and diverse contributions to the continuous development of our discipline.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14577
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/seibel
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1458
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Dr. Ralph Garber (Canada), President 1988 - 1996
Splane, Richard
IASSW
A fully revealing portrait of Ralph Garber would require a latter-day Boswell. As ordained, however, an attempt must be made to create a recognizable word picture. And it must give initial attention to the range of influences and factors in Ralph Garber's inheritance and environment that, throughout his life, he experienced, absorbed and utilized in his remarkably creative career.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14585
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/splane
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1459
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
René Sand (Belgium), President 1946 – 1953
Eilers, Kerstin
IASSW
The extraordinary significance of the life and work of René Sand lies in his central position as a mediator, promoter and coordinator of social work on an increasingly international level during the interwar-period and it can hardly be overestimated.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14599
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/eilers
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1460
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Robin Huws Jones (United Kingdom), President 1976- 1980
Kendall, Katherine A.
IASSW
Robin Huws Jones, President of the International Association of Schools of Social Work from 1976 to 1980, lived a life of challenge and change. Born in Wales in 1909, he often remarked that learning to speak Welsh at age two was such a challenge that he didn’t bother to learn English until he was six. The death of his mother when he was three led to the first of many changes in a life that was not easy in the formative years. Robin remained in the care of his father while his sister became the ward of two aunts. With his father, a draper’sassistant, he left Wales to live in a crowded boarding house in Liverpool.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14606
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/kendall2
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1464
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Katherine A. Kendall (USA), Honorary President since 1978
Healy, Lynne M.
IASSW
For more than two-thirds of the life of the International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW), Katherine Kendall has been among its leaders. She began her involvement in 1950, served as the first paid Secretary General of the Association in the 1970's and, now in her late 90's, continues to share her wisdom as Honorary President. Beginning in 1950, she attended all the IASSW congresses except 2 (1990 and 1998) until 2004, when health issues prevented long international trips. She personally knew and worked with every President except the first. Thus, although the IASSW began with sustained involvement and contributions of two remarkable founders, Alice Salomon and René Sand, Kendall has surpassed all in terms of her enduring commitment to international social work education and its professional organization. Kendall's remarkable professional career spans 7 decades. Her international involvements began even earlier. This article will focus on highlights of her international career, especially her IASSW service. It will also discuss her formative years and mention other aspects of contributions. Materials for the article are drawn from published and unpublished interviews conducted by other scholars, Kendall's own writings, and a personal interview conducted by the author in 2007.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14648
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/healy2
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1465
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Dame Eileen Younghusband (United Kingdom), President 1961-1968
Lyons, Karen
IASSW
Dame Eileen Younghusband died in a car accident on a lecture tour in the in the USA at a point when preparations had commenced for her 80th Birthday celebrations. Her working life had spanned a significant era in the history of the development of social work and education for the profession in the UK and more widely; and she herself had made a major contribution to these developments. She differs from earlier pioneering figures presented in these historical portraits in representing ‘the next generation’ of significant women in the history of social work. Nevertheless, she was a pioneer in the sense of initiating radical changes as described later in this portrait.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14650
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/lyons2
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1466
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Preface
Seibel, Friedrich W.
IASSW
This historical overview traces the history of IASSW through portraits of the sequence of its presidents.
The history of this organisation is not only connected with major phases of the history of the 20th century but also partly with my own history as a member and teacher of a historically rooted profession and discipline.
I was inspired to commission this series of portraits by my numerous encounters with international colleagues and their rich and diverse contributions to the continuous development of our discipline.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14664
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/supplement/seibel
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1467
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Governing the Local? A Response to Kevin Stenson
Clarke, John
Governing
Kevin Stenson’s article offers a powerful argument for examining governmentality in particular local configurations rather than as relatively abstract and text-centred studies of changing mentalities and rationalities of rule. I think this is an important endeavour, partly because more situated analyses of governmentality are necessary to enrich the analytical (and political) significance of the perspective; and partly because the view from governmentality has a capacity to enrich our understandings of governance, policy and practice. Kevin’s own discussion of community safety in the Thames Valley area demonstrates just how much such a situated analysis might add to an understanding of liberal rule in England in the 21st century. Let me highlight four points that I think are absolutely central to that analysis:
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14671
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/clarke
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1468
2017-03-27T07:05:03Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
A Critical Response to Kevin Stenson’s Governing the Local: Sovereignty, Social Governance and Community Safety
Fairbanks II, Robert P.
Governing the Local
In his compelling case study of local governance and community safety in the UK Thames Valley, Kevin Stenson makes several important contributions to the field of governmentality studies. While the paper’s merits are far-reaching, to this reader’s assessment they can be summarized in the following key areas: 1) Empirically, the article enhances our knowledge of the political economic transformation of a region otherwise overlooked in social science research ; 2) Conceptually, Stenson offers several theoretical and analytical refrains that, while becoming increasingly commonplace, are nonetheless still germane and rightly oriented to offer push back against otherwise totalizing, reified accounts of roll back/roll out neoliberalism. A welcomed new approach is offered as a corrective, The Realist Governmentality perspective, which emphasizes the interrelated and co-constitutive nature of politics, local culture, and habitus in processes related to the restructuring of social governance; 3) Methodologically, the paper makes a pitch for the ways in which finely grained, nuanced, mixed-method/ethnographic analyses have the potential to further problematize and recast a field of governmentality studies far too often dominated by discursive and textual approaches.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14689
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/fairbanks
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1469
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Rationalities, Practices, and Resistance in Post-Welfarism. A Comment on Kevin Stenson
Kessl, Fabian
Kutscher, Nadia
Governing the Local
The former welfare arrangements are, according to Stenson, in a process of fundamental re-structuring. Or regarding the topic of this SW&S-Special Issue (was meint ihr genau mit dem vorhergehenden Satz? Man sollte einen Satz besser nicht mit ‘or’ anfangen): the spatial scales of the welfare states are under siege. With this advice Stenson assents to the prevalent description of a fundamental shift of former welfare arrangements since the last third of the 20th century (see for welfare policy research, research on human services and social work: Castel 2003; Clarke 2004; Gilbert 2004; Lessenich 2008/forthcoming; Marston/McDonald 2006; Webb 2006).
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14695
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/kesslkutscher
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1470
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Governing the Local: Sovereignty, Social Governance and Community Safety
Stenson, Kevin
Governing the Local
There has been much commentary about the re-ordering of the relations between nation state government, geographical territory, and populations in the advanced liberal democracies. This is seen as a product of: increasing demographic and cultural diversity due to legal and illegal migration; economic, cultural, and political global interdependence; footloose mobility of capital and the outsourcing of jobs to poorer countries; the growing power of international corporations and financial markets; and the growth of supra-national bodies like the European Union and The North Atlantic Free Trade Association, the World Trade Organisation, and (debatably), the UN. These developments are held to be associated with the gradual demise of the model of the increasingly secular nation state first crystallised by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. This conception provided a mutual, guarantee of states’ jurisdiction over territory and populations through their legitimated attempts to monopolise the use of force. Though, the relations between these states have always been asymmetrical and often challenged (Hunter 1998).
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14702
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/stenson
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1471
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Comments on Kevin Stenson’s ‘Governing the Local: Sovereignty, Social Governance and Community Safety’
Larner, Wendy
Governing the Local
It is a challenging time to be a social scientist. Many of the concepts and categories we took for granted have been revealed as temporally and geographically specific. It is now widely accepted that the nation-state is no longer the sole container for economic, political and social processes, if indeed it ever was. This is where Kevin Stenson begins his paper. He traces the re-ordering of both state and nation, highlighting recent discussions about the unbundling and rescaling of the state and outlining how increasing ethnic and cultural diversity challenge homogeneous conceptions of the nation. In Stenson’s account these are largely empirical processes that are the basis for the important questions he raises about changing understandings of publics and social order, and their implications for the local governance of community safety. He contrasts two alternative positions; the ‘universal human rights position’ which refuses to privilege the interests of majority populations, and a more ‘communitarian and nationalistic position’ which he argues is most likely to be deployed by right wing politicians and interests groups. Drawing from extensive research in the Thames Valley region of the United Kingdom, he shows how these two understandings have both shaped the local policy response to crime and disorder.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14714
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/larner
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1478
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Community
Sichling, Florian
Community
The term community in the English language can be traced back to the 14th century and originates from the French word comuneté and the Latin word communitatem. In English the term initially came to denote five distinct senses. Community served as a distinction of the common people from those of rank (1), as a denotation of a state or organized society (2), the people of a district (3), as a designation for the community of shared interests (4) and as a sense of common identity and characteristics (5). In these early meanings of the term it is important to note the distinction between the designation of actual social groups on the one hand and the indication of a particular relational quality on the other.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14783
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/glossary/sichling
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1479
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Lower Benefits to the Refugees in Denmark: Missing Recognition?
Gosh, Flora
Juul, Søren
Refugees
Denmark
This article is a study of the contrast between the Danish law concerning reduced economic benefits for newly arrived refugees and immigrants (known as Start Help or as introductory benefit) and the idea of recognition as the condition for individual self-realization and justice. Our assumption is that Start Help both implies economic discrimination against newly arrived persons in Denmark (especially refugees and their families under family reunification rules) and symbolizes a lack of recognition. We have chosen to adopt the theories of recognition (and redistribution) propounded by Axel Honneth and Nancy Fraser to explore our queries about Start Help and the discriminatory impact on its recipients. Empirically the article is based on in-depth qualitative interviews with six refugees who all receive Start Help.
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14791
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/debate/ghoshjuul
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1480
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Book Review of “Human Behaviour and the Social Environment: Models, Metaphors, and Maps for Applying Theoretical Perspectives to Practice”. 640 pages, Thomson Brooks/Cole, 2007, by James A. Forte
Moula, Alireza
Book Review
by James A. Forte
This voluminous book which draws on almost 1000 references provides an important theoretical base for practice. After an informative introduction about models, maps and metaphors, Forte provides an impressive presentation of several perspectives for use in practice; applied ecological theory, applied system theory, applied biology, applied cognitive science, applied psychodynamic theory, applied behaviourism, applied symbolic interactionism, applied social role theory, applied economic theory, and applied critical theory. Finally he completes his book with a chapter on “Multi theory practice and routes to integration.”
2008-07-16
2008-07-16
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14808
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/bookreviews/moula
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1484
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Citizenship Education – Between Social Inequality and the Promises of Modernity
Dorf, Hans
citizenship
democracy
integration
inequality
education
For several reasons citizenship and democracy has moved into political and research focus. Socio-cultural tensions and inequalities created by globalisation processes boosted by neo-liberal modes of government seem to inspire a concern with “social cohesion”, and the European Community assigns a key role to education in engendering European democratic citizenship. It can be questioned whether it is within the scope of educational programmes to ensure social integration and democracy. However, to clarify the perspectives of the educational issue, the article discusses the conflicts and relationships between cultural identity and democracy within a framework of modernity before returning to the issue of education for democratic citizenship. It is shown on the basis of empirical studies that family background interacts with school factors in the reproduction of democratic inequalities. It is also indicated, however, that this must not be considered an unchangeable pedagogical fact, and the article briefly sketches a set of pedagogical and research challenges concerned with educating for democratic empowerment at different levels of school practice. Although this paper focuses on education and the educational system, the arguments and findings presented can also claim relevance for social pedagogy and social work, esp. in respect of recent developments that stress the educational dimensions of social work.
2008-07-17
2008-07-17
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14843
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/articles/dorf
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1485
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Educational and Anthropological Perspectives: An Italian View on Migration in Multi-cultural Urban Spaces
Panarello, Patrizia
Anthropological Perspectives
Italian View
Multi-cultural Urban Spaces
In contemporary societies there are different ways to perceive the relation between identity and alterity and to describe the difference between “us” and “them”, residents and foreigners. Anthropologist Sandra Wallman sustains that in multi-cultural urban spaces the frontiers of diversity are not only burdensome markers of identity, but rather they could also represent new chances to define “identity” and “alterity”. These frontiers, in fact, can work like interfaces through which to build time after time, in a creative way, a relationship with the other. From this point of view, the concept of boundary can offer many opportunities to creatively define the relation with the other and to sign new options for cognitive and physical movement. On the other side, in many cases we have a plenty of mechanisms of exclusion that transforms a purely empirical distinction between “us” and “them” in an ontological contrast, as in the case when the immigrant undergoes hostilities through discriminatory language. Even though these forms of racism are undoubtedly objectionable from a theoretical point of view, they are anyway socially “real”, in the sense that they are perpetually reaffirmed and strengthened in public opinion. They are in fact implicit “truths”, realities that are considered objective, common opinions that are part of day-to-day existence. That is the reason why an anthropological prospective including the study of “common sense” should be adopted in our present day studies on migration, as pointed out by American anthropologist Michael Herzfeld.
My primary goal is to analyze with such a critical approach same pre-conditions of racism and exclusion in contemporary multi-cultural urban spaces. On the other hand, this essay would also investigate positive strategies of comparing, interchanging, and negotiating alterity in social work. I suggest that this approach can offer positive solutions in coping with “diversity” and in working out policies for recognizing a common identity which, at the same time, do not throw away the relevance of political and economic power.
2008-07-17
2008-07-17
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14852
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/articles/panarello
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1486
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
The Role of a Non-Governmental Organization in the Improvement of Employment in Finland: A Case Study
Sama, Thomas Babila
Järvelä, Marja Outi
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Third Sector
employment
unemployment
employment subsidy
Finland
This study discusses one Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) as an alternative institution for the improvement of employment in a Finnish city. Empirical data was collected from 16 employees and from an official of the organization using questionnaires, interviews and participant observation. The data was analyzed qualitatively and the findings revealed that, the organization plays complementary role in cooperating with the government to provide social services to underprivileged groups of people, through which the organization is able to create jobs for long-term unemployed people in the city of Jyväskylä. However, the skill development training of the organization was found to be inadequate for boosting the employability of their employees in the open labour market, once the latter’s 1-2 year contract ended. The study concluded that for the organization to become a viable alternative institution for the improvement of employment in the city of Jyväskylä, it must improve the skill development training of their employees, as well as increase collaboration with other actors that are working towards the same goals.
2008-07-17
2008-07-17
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14864
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/researchnotes/samajarvela
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1487
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Beyond Kantianism - Response to Critiques
Stenson, Kevin
governing
local
I am flattered and privileged to have received four such astute critiques of my work from an international cast. I will reflect at length about many of their points in future work but to respond fully would require a very long article and so I will highlight some of the more salient issues. The authors share misgivings about my commitment to a realist version of governmentality theory so I will try to articulate a bit more clearly how it is different from two major alternative perspectives highlighted by the authors: what I term a `discursive` governmentality perspective (Stenson 2005), and the neo-Marxist regulationist school of political economy. However, deeper normative questions are raised, for example by Wendy Larner, about what it means to be progressive or critical within the broad terrain of liberalism (which can include neo-liberals and neo-conservatives) in the wake of the collapse of communism and much of the power of western labour movements, the rise of the new emancipatory and environmental social movements and varieties of religious fundamentalism.
As social scientists and university intellectuals we usually argue that our work differs from journalistic reportage or ideological polemics that gather supportive evidence through selective fact gathering. This is because we dig beneath the flux of events and surface appearances and debates to uncover the deeper structures of thought and social relations that shape our experiences and the flow of events. And we also engage with contrary evidence that troubles our truth claims. This is the work of theory. I accept that theory plays a vital role but argue for a more grounded approach rooted in empirical research using a variety of methods and data sources. Hence I adopt a more cautious approach to conceptions of the `deeper structures` we uncover. At best we can only know them through provisional heuristic modelling and it is best not to reify them.
2008-07-19
2008-07-19
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14870
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/stenson2
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1488
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Rationalities, Practices, and Resistance in Post-Welfarism. A Comment on Kevin Stenson
Kessl, Fabian
Kutscher, Nadia
Governing
Local
According to Stenson, the former welfare arrangements are in a process of a fundamental re-ordering. Or as this SW&S-Special Issue claims: the spatial scales of the welfare states are under siege. In this analysis, Stenson affirms the prevalent description of a fundamental shift of former welfare arrangements since the last third of the 20th century (see for welfare policy research, research on human services and social work: Castel 2003; Clarke 2004; Gilbert 2004; Lessenich 2008/forthcoming; Marston/McDonald 2006; Webb 2006).
2008-07-19
2008-07-19
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14887
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/kesslkutscher
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1489
2017-03-27T07:05:04Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
De-Territorialization and Re-Territorialization of “the social”. A debate
Clarke, John
Kessl, Fabian
Governing
Local
De-Territorialization
Re-Territorialization
Deterritorialization has been used as an anthropological concept to designate the weakened ties between culture and place: Certain cultural/social processes and relations seem to increasingly transcend their previously given territorial boundaries in flexible capitalist societies. At the same time, policy studies, especially Studies on Governmentality, have emphasized the re-territorialization of the social, in which the former national welfare arrangements (welfare and nation state) as the scale of bio-political integration patterns are more and more substituted by small scaled inclusion areas (e.g. neighbourhoods, districts and communities). Drawing on Deleuze and Guattari, de-territorialization processes have therefore always to be understood as combined with processes of a re-territorialization, producing new spatial formations. In this view, spatial arrangements and connections are not given and static structures, but controversial and unstable – nevertheless they are influential.
2008-07-19
2008-07-19
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14897
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/clarkekessl
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1695
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
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ddc:300
Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future Directions
Dolby, Nadine
yoth culture
policy
Doria, the fictional main character in Faiza Guène’s (2006/2004) acclaimed novel, Kiffe Kiffe Tomorrow, is an immigrant teenager growing up in the Paris projects. In the novel, Doria struggles to find her place in a society which seems to offer little hope for the future of the poor, black immigrants whose presence in France defines the postcolonial moment (Dimitriadis and McCarthy 2001). While Doria’s parents and those of her friends and classmates long for home, Doria and her generation know only France, despite the difficulties and hardships life there presents. For them, there is only forward movement into a decidedly hybrid future, one in which their identities are in perpetual translation, as they negotiate constantly changing temporal and spatial registers (Hall 2002). In the U.S. context, JoAnn D’Alisera reflects on her study of Sierra Leonean communities in the Washington, D.C. area, as she writes, “These children, for their part, often describe themselves as simultaneously Sierra Leonean, Muslim, and American. In naming themselves, they more comfortably blur boundaries that their parents struggle to maintain in their own and in their children’s lives” (p.126).
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-16951
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/dolby
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1699
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
ddc:300
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Social Integration Policies for Young Marginalised: A Capability Approach
Bonvin, Jean-Michel
Moachon, Eric
Social Integration
Policies for Young Marginalised
A Capability Approach
From the mid-eighties, social policies are increasingly being turned into re-commodification tools, i.e. their main objective is no more to compensate for income loss, but to promote quick and possibly long-lasting reintegration into the labour market. This evolution has coincided with the emergence of various activation requirements imposed on recipients, upon which entitlement benefits are often made conditional (esp. in devices set up within the unemployment insurance and social assistance programmes). In this context, activation is frequently identified with compliance with the expectations defined by officers of the public administration. Thereby, it is claimed that activation can take place without, or even against, the beneficiaries’ consent. In other words, the prevailing view of activation or empowerment is imposed in a top-down way, and this applies especially to the most disadvantaged beneficiaries, who are also those submitted to the harshest requirements or sanctions. By contrast, the capability approach (henceforward CA) insists that genuine empowerment cannot be achieved if the empowered, i.e. the activated, person is not willingly participating to the process. In this alternative framework, the enhancement of individual capabilities requires both empowerment and free participation: if the former is missing, the individual recipient’s freedom remains formal (in the Marxian sense); if the latter is not guaranteed, then empowerment boils down to paternalism. Hence, the challenge that the CA poses to the activation strategy is to design programmes able to both empower the beneficiaries and respect their freedom to lead the life of their choice. This task is particularly requiring for the most disadvantaged people, among whom marginalized youth. Our paper aims at providing an analytical and normative framework for assessing social integration policies set up for marginalized youth. Section 1 presents in some detail this framework, i.e. it proposes a concrete way to implement the CA in this specific field. Section 2 applies it to a specific case, i.e. a programme developed for marginalized youth in a Swiss canton. The concluding section summarises the main teachings of the case study both in normative and methodological terms.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-16999
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/bonvinmoachon
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1700
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Disconnected Youth? Social Exclusion, the ‘Underclass’ & Economic Marginality
MacDonald, Robert
Disconnected Youth
Social Exclusion
Underclass
Economic Marginality
Most young people in the UK make relatively ‘successful’, unproblematic transitions from school to work and adulthood. What do we call those that do not? Labels imply explanation, not just description. Terms with academic and policy currency tend to define such young people by something they are not or by their presumed social and economic distance and dislocation from ‘the rest’. How we might best describe, explain and label the experience and problem of so-called ‘socially excluded’, ‘disconnected youth’ is the focus of the paper.
It draws upon extensive qualitative research with young adults growing up in some of Britain’s poorest neighbourhoods, looking particularly at their labour market transitions. Some of the problems and inaccuracies of underclass theory and orthodox conceptualisations of social exclusion are discussed in the light of empirical findings. Following CW Mills, the youthful biographies described are set in a wider panorama of social structure and economic opportunity, particularly the rapid de-industrialisation of the locality studied. Understanding these historical processes of socio-economic change leads to the conclusion that, in short hand, ‘the economically marginal’ is the best descriptive label of the research participants and ‘economic marginalisation’ is the best explanation of their condition.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17005
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/special_issue/macdonald
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1701
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
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What’s the Problem? Precarious Youth: Marginalisation, Criminalisation and Racialisation.
Clarke, John
Precarious Youth
Marginalisation
Criminalisation
Racialisation
Since the nineteenth century invention of adolescence, young people have been consistently identified as social problems in western societies. Their contemporary status as a focus of fear and anxiety is, in that sense, nothing new. In this paper, I try to combine this sense of historical recurrence about the youth problem with some questions about what is different about the present – asking what is distinctive about the shape of the youth problem now? This is a difficult balance to strike, and what I have to say will probably lean more towards an emphasis on the historical conditions and routes of the youth problem. That balance reflects my own orientations and knowledge (I am not expert on the contemporary conditions of being young). But it also arises from my belief that much contemporary social science is profoundly forgetful. An enthusiasm for stressing the newness, or novelty, of the present connects many varieties of contemporary scholarship. One result is the construction of what Janet Fink and I have referred to as ‘sociological time’ in which
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17011
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/clarke
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1702
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
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ddc:300
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Tackling Youth Exclusion in the UK: Challenges for Current Policy and Practice
Fahmy, Eldin
Youth
social inclusion
poverty
social exclusion
Addressing the situation of marginalised youth has been central to policy initiatives directed at tackling poverty and social exclusion in the UK in recent years. The period since 1997 has therefore witnessed a renewed emphasis upon the development of a coherent framework for youth policy in the UK with the goal of promoting youth inclusion and participation. Nevertheless, understanding the nature and prospects for policies designed to tackle youth exclusion involves a deeper interrogation of the concept of ‘social exclusion’ and its applications within UK policy debates. Here, it is argued that whilst considerable progress has been made in the promotion of a coherent and integrated strategy for youth inclusion in the UK such policies are unlikely to be effective without a re-conceptualisation of the nature of social exclusion, its causes and consequences. In particular, a more holistic understanding is called for which extends beyond an emphasis on labour market activation policies as a response to the circumstances facing marginalised youth in the UK and elsewhere, and one which interrogates exclusionary processes and institutional practices rather than addressing only the symptoms of disadvantage.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17026
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/fahmy
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1703
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
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pub-type:article
Marginalized Youth, the ‘Modern’ Professional and the ‘Modern’ Workplace: A note on the Need for a Critical Approach to ‘Modernizing’ Strategies
Garrett, Paul Michael
Marginalized Youth
the ‘Modern’ Professional
the ‘Modern’ Workplace
Critical Approach
‘Modernizing’ Strategies
This paper briefly examines plans to ‘transform’ social work services for socially marginalized children and young people in England. More specifically, it will focus on moves to privatize social work services for children and young people who are in public care, or ‘looked after’. In what follows, the focus will be on how the promotion of ‘social work practices’ (SWPs) – the name of these envisaged new structures – is discursively embedded in the idea the idea that ‘liberation’ and worker fulfillment can only be delivered within a privatized sphere. In this context, it will be maintained, the work of Boltanski and Chiapello may help to illuminate how the government and other primary definers are seeking to ‘win hearts and minds’ for further neoliberal ‘transformations’ within Children’s Services in England.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17039
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/garrett
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1704
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Marginalization of the Youth – a Current Societal Development?
Rosendal Jensen, Niels
Marginalization
Societal Development
The last two years a discussion on reforming the public sector has emerged. At its very heart we find important concepts like ‘quality reform’, ‘democracy’, and ‘development’. Recently I have presented an example of the ‘quality reform’ in SocMag, and this leads me to prolong that discussion on central themes on welfare state and democracy. Much energy is invested in arguing about management of the public sector: Do we need more competition from private companies? Do we need more control? Are more contracts concerning outcome needed? Can we be sure about the accountability needed from politicians? How much documentation, effectiveness measurement, bureaucracy, and evidence-based policy and practice are we looking for? A number of interesting questions – but strange enough we do not discuss the purpose of ‘keeping a welfare state’. What sort of understanding is lying behind the welfare state, and what kind of democracy are we drawing upon?
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17046
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/rosendajensen
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1708
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
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ddc:300
Italia: La chiusura della Casa dell’Emigrante come spunto riflessione sui rientri degli emigrati italiani
Aluffi Pentini, Anna
Olivieri, Fabio
returning emigrants
In the literature on migration, as well as in social policies regarding this phenomenon, the situation of returning emigrants receives scant attention. This essay establishes an intricate connection between attitudes and policies that prevail in a country regarding emigration and those concerning immigration. The case of Italy provides a prime example for this as it once was a classical country of emigration, only to turn, in recent decades, into a country that appears highly attractive (and relatively accessible) to immigrants. The essay traces the pervasive ambiguity that characterizes this country’s attitudes towards emigration from the beginning of mass emigration shortly after the unification of Italy in 1868 to the emigration policies of the fascist regime of Mussolini and the post-World War II waves of emigration right through to the corresponding ambiguity concerning the status of immigrants in contemporary society, including the indifferent treatment of returning Italian emigrants who constitute a considerable numerical phenomenon.
These reflections take their origin from the impending closure of a reception centre in Lazio, the Casa dell’Emigrante near Sant’Elia Fiumerapido, Province of Frosinone, ostensibly for financial reasons. This centre had been the only one of its kind in the whole of Italy dealing officially with the needs of repatriated Italians. It had assisted returning emigrants both with practical matters, such as negotiating the labyrinth of Italian bureaucracy , and with psychological implications of a return, which are often considerable given the time lag of experiences with current social realities and the frequently unrealistic expectations associated with the return. Questions of identity become highly acute in those circumstances. The threatened closure of the centre illustrates the unwillingness of the state to face up to the factual prevalence of migratory experiences in the country as a whole and as a core element of national history, experiences of migration in both directions. The statistics speak for themselves: of the 4.660.427 persons who left Italy between 1880 and 1950, 2.322.451 have returned, almost exactly 50%. To those have to be added 3.628.430 returnees of the 5.109.860 emigrants who left Italy between the end of World War II and 1976 for Europe alone.
Attitudes towards people leaving changed ostensibly over time. In the first two decades after Unification parliament on the one hand wanted to show some concern over the fate of its citizens, not wanting to abandon those newly created citizens entirely to their own destiny, while on the other portraying their decisions to emigrate as expressions of individual liberty and responsibility and not necessitated by want and poverty. Emigrants had to prove, paradoxically that they had the requisite means to emigrate when in fact poverty was largely driving them to emigrate. To admit that publicly would have amounted to admission of economic and political failure made evident through emigration. In contrast to that Mussolini’s emigration policies not only enforced large population movements within the territory of Italy to balance unemployment between regions and particularly between North and South, but also declared it citizen’s duty to be ready to move also to the colonies, thereby ‘turning emigration as a sign of social crisis into a sign of national strength and the success of the country’s political agenda’ (Gaspari 2001, p. 34). The duplicity continued even after World War II when secret deals were done with the USA to allow a continuous flow of Italian immigrants and EU membership obviously further facilitated the departure of unemployed, impoverished Italians. With the growing prosperity of Italy the reversal of the direction of migration became more obvious. On the basis of empirical research conducted by one of the author on returning emigrants four types of motives for returning can be distinguished:
1. Return as a result of failure – particularly the emigrants who left during the 1950-1970 period usually had no linguistic preparation, and in any case the gap between the spoken and the written language is enormous with the latter often being insurmountable. This gives rise to nostalgic sentiments which motivates a return into an environment where language is familiar
2. Return as a means of preserving an identity – the life of emigrants often takes place within ghetto-like conditions where familiarity is being reproduced but under restricted conditions and hence not entirely authentic. The necessity for saving money permits only a partial entry into the host society and at the same time any accumulating savings add to the desire to return home where life can be lived fully again – or so it seems.
3. Return of investment – the impossibility to become fully part of another society often motivates migrants to accumulate not so much material wealth but new experiences and competences which they then aim to reinvest in their home country.
4. Return to retire – for many emigrants returning home becomes acute once they leave a productive occupation and feelings of estrangement build up, in conjunction with the efforts of having invested in building a house back home.
All those motives are associated with a variety of difficulties on the actual return home because, above all, time in relation to the country of origin has been suspended for the emigrant and the encounter with the reality of that country reveals constant discrepancies and requires constant readjustment. This is where the need for assistance to returning emigrants arises. The fact that such an important centre of assistance has been closed is further confirmation of the still prevailing politics of ambiguity which nominally demand integration from nationals and non-nationals alike but deny the means of achieving this. Citizenship is not a natural result of nationality but requires the means for active participation in society. Furthermore, the experiences of returning immigrants provide important cues for the double ambivalence in which immigrants to Italy live between the demands made on them to integrate, the simultaneous threats of repatriation and the alienation from the immigrants’ home country which grows inexorably during the absence. The state can only regain its credibility by putting an end to this ambiguity and provide to returning emigrants, and immigrants alike, the means of reconstructing strong communal identities.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17086
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/essays/olivierialuffipentini
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
ita
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1711
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Book review of “Germany in Transit: Nation and Migration, 1955-2005”. 588 pages, University of California Press, 2007, by Deniz Göktürk, David Gramling and Anton Kaes (eds.)
Chakradhar, Kala
Book review
“Germany in Transit: Nation and Migration, 1955-2005”
Deniz Göktürk
David Gramling
Anton Kaes
Though migration is an age-old feature of human activity, driven by various circumstances, its current place in the midst of global dynamics and the phenomenon of globalization is becoming increasingly critical. International immigration and its regulation have been largely shaped by the policies in the receiving countries, often determining preferences for nationality cohorts and work skills to satisfy their labor and human capital requirements. When immigration has been necessitated by political strife, host countries have displayed immense magnanimity as well. However, the growing realization of resource limitations and the strange quirks of cultural pluralism are in turn creating waves of dissonance. Literature and the media are now replete with an in depth look into the immigration debate in various nations of the world in trying to seek new directions and satisfactory solutions.
2009-01-09
2009-01-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17119
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/bookreviews/chakradhar
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1713
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
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doc-type:text
Homelessness, Social Work, Social Policy and the Print Media in Australian Cities
Zufferey, Carole
homelessness
social work
social policy
print media
research
Homelessness is a significant social problem worldwide. This paper describes an Australian study that examined print media representations of homelessness and social work, social policy and social work responses to homelessness in three Australian cities. The research included a content analysis of seven Australian newspapers and semi-structured interviews with 39 social workers employed in the field of homelessness in Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney. The detailed results of these studies have been published separately elsewhere. This paper reports on how discourses in the print media, social policy and social work practice co-exist in constructing homelessness as a particular social problem, influencing social work responses to homelessness. The research found that individualism is central to many dominant discourses evident in the print media, social policy and social work practice, and that social work is practiced within unequal power relations embedded in organisational contexts.
2009-01-09
2009-01-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17138
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/researchnotes/zufferey
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1721
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Jane Addams (1860-1935): Social worker and Peace Builder
Allen, James D.
Jane Addams
Social worker
Peace Builder
The name Jane Addams is typically associated with the Settlement House Movement. As a founder of Hull House, the first settlement house in the United States, Addams worked tirelessly on behalf of the poor and oppressed. Less widely known is the depth of her concern about peace and her efforts as a peace builder. A more careful review, however, of Addams’ words and works reveals her passionate commitment to the abolition of war and the restoration of peace. This biographical sketch highlights the breadth and depth of Addams’ work both as an advocate for the poor and as an advocate for peace.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17217
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/historicalportraits/allen
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1722
2017-03-27T07:05:10Z
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The Role of a Non-Governmental Organization in the Improvement of Employment in Finland: A Case Study
Sama, Thomas Babila
Järvelä, Marja Outi
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Third Sector
employment
unemployment
employment subsidy
Finland
This study discusses one Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) as an alternative institution for the improvement of employment in a Finnish city. Empirical data was collected from 16 employees and from an official of the organization using questionnaires, interviews and participant observation. The data was analyzed qualitatively and the findings revealed that, the organization plays complementary role in cooperating with the government to provide social services to underprivileged groups of people, through which the organization is able to create jobs for long-term unemployed people in the City of Jyväskylä. However, the skill development training of the organization was found to be inadequate for boosting the employability of their employees in the open labour market, once their 1-2 year contract ended. The study concluded that for the organization to become a viable alternative institution for the improvement of employment in the City of Jyväskylä, it must improve the skill development training of their employees, as well as increase collaboration with other actors that are working towards the same goals.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-14864
http://www.socwork.net/2008/1/researchnotes/samajarvela
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1737
2017-03-27T07:05:11Z
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Social Development
Reutlinger, Christian
Homfeldt, Hans Günther
Social Development
Numerous models have been formulated to describe development. Generally, these start off with a state of not-yet development or nondevelopment, and then go on to contrast this with a second state: some kind of plan or blueprint for development. As a result, the process of development is equated with a series of completed stages. Like having to climb the rungs of a ladder, one moves up and up in order to become more and more developed. The associated catching-up processes are then frequently described with phase models. ln contrast to such goal-directed perspectives on development with their links to modernization theory, social development pursues an alternative approach focusing on the empowerment and autonomy of actors, and also taking account of the structural obstacles that confront them as they shape their daily lives in the sense of learning to develop their selves. This means that development is always conceived within a twin framework of self- and other-development. Social development represents a holistic approach that is non-static and process-oriented.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17371
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/glossary/homfeldtreutlinger
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1738
2017-03-27T07:05:11Z
journal:socialwork
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pub-type:article
Marginalized Youth. An Introduction.
Kessl, Fabian
Otto, Hans-Uwe
Marginalized Youth
The life conduct of marginalized groups has become subject to increasing levels of risk in advanced capitalist societies. In particular, children and young people are confronted with the harsh consequences of a “new poverty” in the contemporary era. The demographic complexion of today’s poverty is youthful, as a number of government reports have once again documented in recent years in Australia, Germany, France, Great Britain, the US or Scandinavian countries. Key youth studies have shown a growing fear of the future among young people – especially with regard to the threat of unemployment and poverty. However, these results have not yet produced any fundamental critical political reaction.
2009-01-08
2009-01-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17388
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/special_issue/kesslotto
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1745
2017-03-27T07:05:11Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Professionalism and Information Technology: Positioning and Mediation
Ley, Thomas
Seelmeyer, Udo
Professionalism
Information Technology
Positioning
Mediation
The starting point of this paper is the assumption that - on the one hand - information technology (IT) is increasingly shaping the professional knowledge base and on the other the relation between organisation and profession. IT is changing the role, responsibilities and practices of social workers and therefore it is important to deal with the impact of IT on social work (representative for many: Harlow and Webb 2003; Burton and van den Broek 2008).
Hence, the general aim of this paper is to stimulate a basic discussion on “IT application in social work“, or rather, in a more general way, on „technology and professions“. Secondly, it is about an analytical differentiation of the process of informatisation, respectively formalisation. Thirdly we want to discuss the assumption and overall combination of efficiency, effectiveness and IT.
Therefore this paper is arranged as follows: After some opening remarks (chapter 1) we outline case management systems as research object (2). Further on, we confront the approach of reflexive professionalism (3) with the process of formalization (4). Subsequently, we touch on the debate of “technologies of care” (5) and conclude with some short remarks on a research program (6).
2009-01-31
2009-01-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17455
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/articles/leyseelmeyer
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1748
2017-03-27T07:05:11Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Anti-Feminist Backlash and Violence against Women Worldwide
van Wormer, Katherine
Anti-Feminist
Backlash
Violence
Women
Worldwide
Although globalization, through the communications revolution and international law, brings the promise of progressive social change, the concern of this paper is with the backlash against women’s increasing emancipation, a backlash that is evidenced in the United States through making a mockery of women’s bid for equality by turning the principles against some women whose lives are troubled while rewarding others. Meanwhile across the world the victimization of women, personal and cultural, is taking place in both democratic and totalitarian regimes. Two related forms of backlash are institutional and personal. That forces from the global market and the corporate media help fuel this backlash is a major contention of this paper.
2009-02-03
2009-02-03
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17482
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/articles/vanwormer
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1750
2017-03-27T07:05:11Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Women in Prostitution and Social Responsibility
Brückner, Margrit
Women in Prostitution
Social Responsibility
The aim of the paper is to show how prostitution is embedded in historically changing gender relationships regulated by the state and part of each societies understanding of sexuality. An important role to improve the situation of women in prostitution is played by engaged social work, often linked to the womens movement on a local, national and an international level in spite of differing positions on the institution of prostitution. The authors argumentation is based on qualitative and quantitative empirical findings concerning shared experiences as well as differences between women in prostitution and findings on professional possibilities and limits of supporting the women. Important dimensions of heterogeneity amongst the women are legality versus illegality, decision making possibilities respectively dependencies und choice versus force, which also are the base of different political and professional positions taken by experts.
2009-02-03
2009-02-03
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-17505
http://www.socwork.net/2008/2/articles/brueckner
Social Work & Society ; 6 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:1857
2017-03-27T07:05:14Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:700
ddc:100
ddc:720
ddc:300
journal:archimaera
Mit Kopierbarkeit ist grundsätzlich ein Versprechen verknüpft
Ein Interview mit dem Psychologen Stephan Grünewald
Grünewald, Stephan
Daniel Buggert und Karl R. Kegler
Traumhaus
Traumhausphantasien
Wintergarten
Wohnlandschaft
Wohnzimmerqualität
Starbucks
Vorbild
Rollenzuweisung
Lebensentwurf
Trend
Lebensbild
Rollenvorbild
Patchwork
Seele
Psychologie
Widersprüchlichkeit
Schnelllebigkeit
Permanenz
Ikea
Senioren
Flexibilität
Frühversargung
Einfamilienhaus
Playstation
Wahrnehmung
virtuelle Modelle
Virtualität
Medien
Realität
Kopierbarkeit
Markenprodukt
Wiederholungszwang
Persönlichkeitsmarkierer
Wiederholungsschleife
Wunschbild
Individualität
Originalität
De-Individualisierung
Originalität
Ästhetik
Schablone
Architektenhaus
Kopierware
Lebensparadigma
Wunschbild
Verfügbarkeit
Rückzug ins Private
Intensivierung
virtuelle Welten
Paradiesversprechen
Erziehungsauftrag
Perfektionszwang
Visionsverbot
Vision
Bleiberecht
Der Psychologe Stephan Grünewald ist einer der Mitbegründer des Kölner Marktforschungsinstitutes rheingold. Das Institut versucht, Marktprozessen durch qualitative Interviews und psychologische Analyse auf die Schliche zu kommen. Die Grundüberlegung: auch bei alltäglichen Gewohnheiten, Lebensstil und Kaufentscheidungen spielten psychologische Prozesse eine bestimmende Rolle. Ergebnisse aus diesen Interviews verarbeitete Grünewald kürzlich in seinem Buch Deutschland auf der Couch (Frankfurt a.M.: Campus). Daniel Buggert und Karl R. Kegler sprachen mit Stephan Grünewald über die Bedeutung von Kopien, Lebensentwürfen und Medieneinflüssen in der Architektur.
2009-04-15
2009-04-30
Kopierbarkeit
urn:nbn:de:0009-21-18578
http://www.archimaera.de/2009/Raubkopie/Kopierbarkeit
archimaera ; Raubkopie , 002
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2029
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Orphan Care in Russia
Schmidt, Victoria
Orphan Care
Russia
Current public opinion about the residential care system in contemporary Russia is extremely negative. A majority of Russians, both citizens and professionals, consider that family placement is the best arrangement for orphaned children. The year 2007 was announced as the Year of the Child in Russia. The majority of officials interpreted it as the year of de-institutionalization of the residential care system for children in Russia. De-institutionalization is mostly identified as reform focused on family placement instead of placement in institutions. Vladimir Fridlyanov, the executive director of the Ministry of Science and Education, announced in May, 2007 that the government is going to transfer 120,000 children from institutions into families every year from 2007 until 2010 and reduce the number of residential care institutions by one-third (Nesterova 2007). But the likelihood of family placement is small, with the exception of the adoption of infants without serious pathologies, and the attempts of precipitant de-institutionalization (when children’s homes are closed and children are distributed among families) have failed (children were returned into children homes). According to the opinion of the Ministry, the key obstacle to effective de-institutionalization is the lack of professionals in adoption and foster care (Vazhdaeva 2006).
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20295
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/special_issue/schmidt
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2030
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Orphan Care in China
Meng, Liu
Kai, Zhu
Orphan Care
China
Orphan care in China was once provided by the central government as a means of social control. The centralized welfare delivery guaranteed some of the poorest orphans to be protected by the government. Since the economic reform, the central government started to relinquish its control over social welfare delivery, new forms of orphan care were introduced into China, sharing the responsibilities and burdens for caring the orphans. Yet, many issues and problems exist in social delivery due to a lack of finances, professionals, and policy support. In this chapter, we will discuss the background of social welfare changes in China, as pertains to orphan care, focusing on the different types of orphans as a result of social issues, service delivery, barriers and solutions. It is claimed that during the reform, the burden of orphan care in China may not be reduced in the coming future, and we offer suggestions to cope with that.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20302
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/special_issue/mengkai
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2031
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Care for Children in Botswana: The Social Work Role
Maundeni, Tapologo
Care for Children
Botswana
Social Work Role
The world over is experiencing an increase in the numbers of children who need care. The existence of children in need of care is not peculiar to contemporary Botswana society, it also prevailed in traditional Tswana society. What has changed is the volume of children who need care, and the resources available for their care. Like other African countries, Botswana is going through a process of rapid social, economic and cultural change. One of the characteristics of this change is the disintegration of the extended family. Consequently, the extended family can no longer cope with both the quality and quantity of care that children in need of care require (Botswana Human Development Report/BHDR 2000).
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20319
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/special_issue/maundeni
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2032
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Orphanhood, Poverty and the Care Dilemma: Review of Global Policy Trends
Abebe, Tatek
development
inequality
orphanhood
poverty
rights-based care
The care and protection of children experiencing orphanhood presents a major child-care policy challenge. This paper draws on a review of the literature to document divergent conceptualizations of orphanhood, how the hurdles for the care of orphans reflect wider issues of poverty and inequality, as well as the ways in which different care interventions (familial, institutional, community-based and rights-based) might be appropriated for children in need. It is argued that the map of contemporary orphanhood overlaps with the contours of global poverty, inequality, age-based deprivations and marginalization. An example of a ‘globalised’ model of orphan care, namely SOS Children’s Villages, is presented and its implications for policy are examined. The paper highlights the significance of fighting poverty and enhancing the care-giving capabilities of extended families in the care and protection of children from a rights-based perspective. It suggests that external interventions should primarily address the structural causes of poverty and marginality, rather than amplifying inequalities through the selective support of orphans in economically vulnerable communities.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20322
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/special_issue/abebe
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2033
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
The Care and Shelter of Children and Adolescents in Brazil: Expressions of Social Issues
Garcia, Maria Lúcia T.
Fernandez, Cristiane Bonfim
Care
Shelter
Children
Adolescents
Brazil
The future of Brazilian children who have the protection offered by familial bonds is threatened by social inequities that force them to seek shelter and grow up in shelters. According to the Institute of Applied Economic Research, an estimated 20,000 children and adolescents are served by institutions. The majority of these children are afro-descendent males between the ages of seven and fifteen years old. Of those researched, 87.6% have families (58.2% receive visits from their families, 22.7% are rarely visited by their families and 5.8 are legally prohibited from contacting or being by their families). The percentage of children and adolescents “without families” or with “missing families” is 11.3%. There is no information available for 2% of the children and adolescents residing in shelters. The principle factors that necessitate the placement of Brazilian children in institutions that provide care and shelter include poverty (including children forced to work, sell drugs or beg, for example); domestic violence; chemical dependence of parents or guardians; homelessness; death or parents or guardian; imprisonment of their parents; and sexual abuse committed by their parents or guardians. The issue of abandoned children and adolescents and their care and shelter in the Brazilian context expresses a perverse violation of Child and Adolescent Rights.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20333
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/special_issue/garciafernandez
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2035
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Book Review of “Indigenous Social Work around the World. Towards Culturally Relevant Education and Practice”, 2008, edited by Mel Gray, John Coates and Michael Yellow Bird
Baltra-Ulloa, Ann Joselynn
Book Review
Indigenous Social Work around the World. Towards Culturally Relevant Education and Practice
One could be seduced into a critique of this volume that focuses on its potential to overstate the momentum for a shift in Western social work ideology when faced with the conundrum of cultural difference. One could posit that the discussion is too broad, the topics covered too numerous, the opportunity for detail missed, the urgency of the messages unnecessarily exaggerated, the “proof” not beyond anecdote and so forth. I reject this temptation to conform to the dominant professional dynamic most emphatically and offer that what Gray, Coates and Yellow Bird have presented to the social work field in this volume is the first tangible step towards an alternative paradigm for an occupation afflicted with unsustainable hypocrisy and thus at the brink of irrelevancy.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20354
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/bookreviews/baltra-ulloa
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2036
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Book Review of “Frontiers of Social Research: Japan and Beyond”. 351 pages, Trans Pacific Press, 2007, edited by Akira Furukawa
Davis, Kate
Book Review
Frontiers of Social Research: Japan and Beyond
The title ‘Frontiers of Social Research’ implies a pioneering spirit, embarking upon unchartered territories. However, the most fascinating and insightful moments of this book are those which explore age-old Japanese research techniques and the potential for new methodologies to look to the old. The key theme of the work is the role of the researcher and the researcher’s relationships with research participants, the research audience and with knowledge itself.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20363
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/bookreviews/davies
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2037
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Marked Silence, Neo-Feudalistic Reactions and the Stabilized Moral Regime – The Current De- and Reformation of „the Social“
Kessl, Fabian
Marked Silence
Neo-Feudalistic Reactions
Stabilized Moral Regime
the Social
The German chancellor and leader of the German conservative party, Angela Merkel, said in an interview a few weeks ago: “Nobody could have imagined a few months ago to what extent we would be pushed into state intervention programs. Of course, Merkel spoke on, this intervention is not easy for anybody. Therefore, she recommended turning back to the former course as soon as possible” (tagesschau.de, 11. März 2008, zit. nach Bildzeitungsinterview mit Angela Merkel, own translation). The worldwide celebrated new president of the United States, Barack Obama, said in an interview on CBS-News a few weeks before Merkel: “(...) there's no doubt that we have not been able yet to reset the confidence in the financial markets and in the consumer markets and among businesses that allow the economy to move forward in a strong way. And my job as president is gonna be to make sure that we restore that confidence“ (CBS News, 16. November 2008, Obama On Economic Crisis, Transition; http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/11/16/60minutes/main4607893.shtml; Stand: 16. April 2009).
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20375
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/essays/kessl
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2038
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Parental Responsibility
Bain, Katrin
Parental Responsibility
Parental responsibility can be broadly defined as a legal term that specifies rights and responsibilities of parents towards their children. It is usually given initially to the birth mother and the married father, though unmarried fathers can obtain it either with the agreement of the mother or through a court order. In accordance with the provisions in law the court can also transfer parental responsibility to other persons (e.g. adoptive parents) or in cases of child abuse or neglect to the state, represented by local authority social services. While the concept of parental responsibility can be found in most countries, the exact terminology varies from one country to another, as well as over time.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20385
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/glossary/bain
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2039
2017-03-27T07:05:17Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Orphan Care: An Introduction
Bailey, Jo Daugherty
Orphan Care
This collection aims to cast light on the social work profession and its care for orphans in middle and low income nations. Four countries are profiled in this work, and the focus in each portrayal is the work done by professionals as well as the socio-political context of this work in the area of care for orphaned children. As will be argued later, both our international perspective and our understanding of the needs and care of orphans around the world are limited in the English language social work literature. This work represents an attempt to address these limitations. I whole-heartedly embrace Watts’ urgent call,
“International and comparative social work and social welfare have some catching up to do…In order to seek answers, we need to recognize we have much to learn from each other. We have much to learn about how social work is practiced in countries different from our own. We have much to learn about the similarities and the differences in social work in various countries. Our learning about its many facets and expressions can challenge our own interpretations of reality and our own truth claims and move us to new ways of thinking and new ways of understanding” (1997, p. 5).
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20391
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/special_issue/bailey
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2051
2017-03-27T07:05:18Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Leadership: A Crucial Ingredient in Unstable Times
McDonald, Catherine
Chenoweth, Lesley
Leadership
institutional instability
institutional entrepreneurs
professional associations
Social work is experiencing an unprecedented degree of institutional instability, particularly in the advanced industrial nations which, to varying degrees and via differing paths, have abandoned the Keynesian Welfare State. It has been replaced with a fundamentally different workfare regime in which operates on quite different assumptions – all of which pose fundamental challenges to social work. The degree of change is such that it can be understood as institutional change. The profession needs a number of strategies in response the contemporary de-stabilization. Drawing on theoretical and empirical literature about institutional change we show why it is that professional leadership is crucial in the current environment. The paper reviews what in currently know about leadership, both in general and in relation to social work. Referring to the notion of institutional entrepreneurs and on the role played by other non-social work professional associations in situations of change, we articulate what role leadership can play. We conclude with recommendations about how leadership could be promoted, particularly by the professional associations.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20515
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/articles/mcdonaldchenoweth
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2052
2017-03-27T07:05:18Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Innovative Interventions with Alcohol Problems in Rural Areas: An Indian Experience and its Relevance to Rural America
Chakradhar, Kala
Alcohol Intervention
Rural camps
Rural India
Rural America
Community-based rehabilitation
Conventional interventions used to address the complex problems of substance abuse call for multifaceted approaches reflecting the diverse backgrounds of affected populations. In this paper the rural context is highlighted as an asset in contributing to sustainable recovery from alcohol problems. Against the background of comparing two international rural contexts and recognizing shared identities, a case is made for transfer of knowledge east to west. The success elements of a unique approach to intervention with problems associated with excessive drinking in rural areas of South India, based on the experiences of Community-Based Rehabilitation camps is described. Spanning two decades of systematic implementation, the camps utilize existing community resources for planning, execution, and follow-up of treatment while simultaneously creating greater awareness about alcohol abuse through community education. After a critical examination of prevailing treatment options for problem drinking in rural America, inter-country analysis reveals contextual similarities between rural America and rural South India based on community-orientation, cost-containment, and social capital formation with implications for rural social work intervention with alcohol problems in the United States.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20526
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/articles/chakradhar
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2059
2017-03-27T07:05:18Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Approaching Migrant Youth Marginalization through the Capabilities Approach: Methodological Proposals
Baros, Wassilios
Manafi, Georgia
Approaching Migrant Youth Marginalization
Capabilities Approach
Methodological Proposals
Adopting the capabilities approach and the terminology that has been respectively developed, we could assume that Amartya Sen’s “capabilities” consist in the actual living that people manage to achieve (“functionings”) as a result of actual free will. Sen’s freedom does not “only [depend on the] mere degree of the presence or absence of coercion or interference (from others)” (Otto and Ziegler 2006) but also on “the range of options a person has in deciding what kind of life to lead” (Dreze and Sen 1995, 10).
In his book, Identity and Violence, Sen, without explicitly connecting the capabilities approach with his views on “genuine multiculturalis” (Sen 2007), in fact, introduces this extended conception of freedom in the way we examine identity matters. Since freedom becomes perceptible as the range of options a person has, concerning the kind of life he wishes to live, cultural freedom can be defined through the concept of the multiplicity of belonging. In other words, cultural freedom constitutes itself a capability, which is realized when nothing and no one, not even myself, can tie me down to a kind of cultural rigidity that tends to exclude and marginalize me. This latent connection of “capabilities” with “multiple identities” (Sen 2007) challenges us to search for the contribution Sen’s approach could have in the understanding and confrontation of issues concerning migrants, away from theoretical patterns that overemphasize the cultural otherness as an impediment to inclusion. Besides, Sen himself, without of course focusing exclusively on migrants, has already approached the matter of social exclusion with terms of his capabilities approach (Sen 2000).
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20593
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/articles/barosmanafi
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2077
2017-03-27T07:05:19Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Edna Chamberlain (1921 -2005): A Leader through Times of Transition and Change
Cooper, Lesley
Edna Chamberlain
Professor Edna Chamberlain was an outstanding leader in Australian social work. She contributed extensively to social work education at the University of Queensland, the social work profession through her leadership of the Australian Association of Social Workers and to the community through advocacy for progressive social policies. Her life experiences were influential is shaping her career and her particular teaching and research interests. Early in her life, Chamberlain was exposed to individual deprivation as a result of the Great Depression. This provided the incentive for a career in social work. She worked as a social work practitioner for some years and entered the academic world until after the death of her husband. In the university and profession, she was confronted by conflict between traditionalists and those wanting immediate reform. In managing these tensions, she tried to find the common ground but these tensions also moderated and changed her views about the purpose and practice of social work. Her rich practice and later research and teaching background provided a strong basis for her professional leadership, research activities and curriculum initiatives. Whilst social casework methods were influential early in her career she sought in later years to integrate the private pain of individuals with social policy and community planning by focusing on the purpose of social work – demonstrating her commitment to the disadvantaged in the context of social justice.
2009-07-24
2009-07-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-20773
http://www.socwork.net/2009/1/historicalportraits/cooper
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2285
2017-03-27T07:05:24Z
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Democracy Concepts of the Fundamentalist Parties of Algeria and Tunisia – Claim and Reality
Wöhler-Khalfallah, Khadija Katja
This article discusses democratic elements in early Islamic sources and in the programs of the Algerian FIS (Front Islamique du Salut) and ANNAHDA in Tunesia. According to historic writings, Islam includes the principles of democratic consensus, consultation, and freedom of opinion, and an understanding that the sources of Islamic jurisdiction are subject to interpretation, that the sharia can be changed, and that religious authorities’ power to issue instructions on worldly matters is limited. These are the type of expectations that fundamentalist parties arouse when they speak of an Islamic caliphate as a state system. Against this background, an examination of the political system proposed until 1992 by the Algerian FIS shows that this system would have resulted in a very restrictive form of Islam. An investigation of the political system of the Tunisian fundamentalist leader Rached al-Ghannouchi reveals that the system he proposes may be designated as an Islamic democracy, since it takes into account separation of powers and pluralism of political parties. The head of state would be subject to the law in the same manner as the people. However, it is no liberal democracy, as he categorically rejects secularism, intends to punish apostates, and is only willing to allow political parties that are based on the religion of Islam. His state would only be a state of those citizens who follow Islam, completely neglecting secularist groups. Social conflicts and unrest are thus predetermined.
2007-01-18
2007-01-18
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007169
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-1-2007/2285
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2286
2017-03-27T07:05:24Z
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Is There a Culture of Violence in Colombia?
Waldmann, Peter
During the past decade, economic factors have been given a prominent role in explaining political violence. The example of Colombia shows that economic factors can explain the ubiquitous nature of violence in that country only in the context of a socio-culturally rooted propensity to use violence. The study draws on relevant published research to identify evidence of a culture of violence in Colombia and discusses the structural conditions that allow or cause such a culture to arise. It is shown that violence in Colombia cannot be explained without taking into account cultural factors that are in turn dependent on other explanatory factors, including economic ones.
2007-01-18
2007-01-18
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007152
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-1-2007/2286
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2287
2017-03-27T07:05:24Z
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Transformations in French Anti-Semitism?
Mayer, Nonna
The increase in the number of anti-Semitic acts since the start of the Second Intifada has sparked off a broad debate on the return of anti-Semitism in France. This article focuses on the question whether this anti-Semitism is still based on the alleged superiority of the Aryan race as in the time of Nazism, or if it represents the birth of a “new Judeophobia” that is more based on anti-Zionism and the polemical mixing of “Jews,” “Israelis,” and “Zionists.” One supposed effect of this transformation is that anti-Semitism is in the process of changing camps and migrating from the extreme right to the extreme left of the political arena, to the “altermondialistes,” the communists, and the “neo-Trotskyists.” The article provides answers to the following questions: Are anti-Jewish views on the increase in France today? Do these opinions correlate with negative opinions of other minorities, notably Maghrebians and Muslims? Do they tend to develop among voters and sympathizers with the extreme right or on the extreme left of the political spectrum? And how are they related to opinions concerning Zionism and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict? My evaluation of the transformations in French anti-Semitism relies on two types of data. The first is police and gendarmerie statistics published by the National Consultative Committee on Human Rights (CNCDH), which is charged with presenting the prime minister with an annual report on the struggle against racism and xenophobia in France. The other is data from surveys, notably surveys commissioned by CNCDH for its annual report and surveys conducted at the Center for Political Research (CEVIPOF) at Sciences Po (Paris Institute for Political Research). The data show that anti-Semitic opinions follow a different logic from acts, that the social, cultural, and political profile of anti-Semites remains very close to that of other types of racists, and that anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism do not overlap exactly.
2007-01-18
2007-01-18
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007147
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-1-2007/2287
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2288
2017-03-27T07:05:24Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
Determinants of Experience of Discrimination in Minorities in Germany
Salentin, Kurt
This study examines perceived ethnic discrimination (as opposed to “objective” discrimination). It includes a discussion of definitions of discrimination and attempts to measure it, and a review of findings on the distribution of discrimination experiences among minorities. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of factors that increase the risk of exposure to situations in which discrimination can take place (exposure hypothesis), and those that sensitize perceptions and give rise to different frequencies of subjective feelings of discrimination (sensitization hypothesis). A standardized questionnaire was administered to a random sample of German-born persons of Turkish and Greek origin and Aussiedler (ethnic Germans born in the former Soviet Union) (total N = 301). Minorities of non-German, especially of Turkish origin reported significantly more discrimination than Aussiedler in a set of nineteen everyday situations. A bivariate correlation was found between number of incidents reported and employment status with homemakers reporting the fewest incidents. However, multiple regression analysis yielded no significant effect, thus lending no clear support to the exposure hypothesis. Frequency of contacts with German friends has no effect and seems not to entail an increase in exposure opportunities, but may lead to a desensitization to discrimination due to the erosion of the relevance of ethnic categories. On the other hand, an influence through intra-ethnic contacts clearly occurs, as frequency of contact with co-ethnic friends exerts a strong positive effect on experienced discrimination. A similar effect was found for ethnic self-awareness. The latter finding confirms the sensitization hypothesis.
2007-01-18
2007-01-18
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007131
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-1-2007/2288
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2289
2017-03-27T07:05:24Z
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Influences of Discriminatory Incidents on Immigrants’ Attitudes Toward German Society
Döring, Jan
This article presents findings from a quantitative survey (N = 301) to evaluate the impact discriminatory incidents have on the attitudes of immigrants towards the majority society in Germany.The findings show that there is a strong relationship between experiences of discrimination and a hostile or alienated attitude towards German society. As an attempt to explain this generalization from single incidents to the macro relation between immigrants and autochthonous Germans in general a theory of framing, taken from developments in the field of rational choice theory, is applied. The reasoning is that a generalizing and rather hostile framing in terms of the attitude towards Germans can minimize psychic, emotional and social costs resulting from acts of discrimination.
2007-01-18
2007-01-18
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007120
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-1-2007/2289
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2290
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
The Road to Negative Behavior: Discriminatory Intentions in the German Population
Asbrock, Frank
Christ, Oliver
Wagner, Ulrich
This study analyzes discriminatory intentions shared by members of the German majority against several outgroups in Germany. Patterns of discriminatory intentions against various minority groups were investigated for several indicators, including gender, age, and political orientation, by means of a representative survey (N = 1,778). The relationship between prejudices and discriminatory intentions against different target groups was also analyzed. Prejudice and discriminatory intentions show moderate but consistently positive correlations in relation to one and the same target group. Moreover, it was found that discriminatory intentions against one outgroup are related to hostile attitudes towards other outgroups, too. The results support the hypothesis of a syndrome of group-focused enmity.
2007-01-18
2007-01-18
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007118
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-1-2007/2290
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2291
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
From Classical Terrorism to “Global” Terrorism
Wieviorka, Michel
This article examines the history and the development of terrorism as a research subject for social sciences. It gives an impression of how the subject’s theoretical remit has changed over the last decades—explicitly taking into account the characteristics of a modern and global world and their impact on current understandings of terrorism.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007219
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2291
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2292
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Post-9/11 Terrorism Threats, News Coverage, and Public Perceptions in the United States
Nacos, Brigitte L.
Bloch-Elkon, Yaeli
Shapiro, Robert Y.
Terrorists, policy-makers, and terrorism scholars have long assumed that the mere threat of terrorist strikes affects societies that have experienced actual acts of terrorism. For this reason, most definitions of terrorism include the threat of violent political acts against civilians. But so far research has neither validated this conventional wisdom nor demonstrated how actual and mass-mediated threat messages by terrorists and terror alerts and threat assessments by government officials affect the public in targeted states. This paper fills the gap providing evidence that who conveys such messages matters and that mass-mediated threat messages by al Qaeda leaders and announced alerts and threat assessments by U.S. administration officials had a significant impact on the American public’s threat perceptions in the post-9/11 years.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007224
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2292
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2293
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
Attributions of Responsibility for Terrorist Attacks: The Role of Group Membership and Identification
Doosje, Bertjan
Zebel, Sven
Scheermeijer, Marieke
Mathyi, Pauline
Three studies examine how people’s attributions of responsibility for terrorist attacks depend on their group membership and their identification with the victim (study 1) or their identification with the victim’s or perpetrator’s ingroup (studies 2 and 3). We observe that people’s group membership (perpetrator group versus victim group) determines the judgments of responsibility for recent terrorist attacks. Members of the perpetrator group hold the direct perpetrators responsible, while members of the victim group perceive the perpetrator world as a whole as relatively responsible as well. Identification with the victim (study 1) or victim group (studies 2 and 3) strengthens attributions of responsibility to the whole perpetrator group, and this relationship is partially mediated by the perceived typicality of the perpetrator for the whole group. We discuss possible explanations for this pattern, and indicate the implications of these results in terms of improving intergroup relations.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007231
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2293
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2294
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Suicide Bombing
Gill, Paul
Understanding suicide bombing entails studying the phenomenon on three different dimensions: the suicide bomber, the terrorist organization, and the community from which suicide bombings emerge. Political and social psychology allow us to establish the reciprocal relationships that underpin the exchanges between the three dimensions. This method increases our theoretical understanding of suicide bombing by moving away from the unidimensional models that have previously dominated the terrorism literature.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007246
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2294
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2295
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
Suicide Bombers in Israel: Their Motivations, Characteristics, and Prior Activity in Terrorist Organizations
Sela-Shayovitz, Revital
This paper examines the characteristics of suicide bombers as reflected in the Israeli press during the Second Intifada in Israel. The analysis aims to determine whether there were significant differences in the characteristics of suicide bombers with religious motives versus those with nationalist motives. The findings reveal that gender, education level, and organizational affiliation correlated significantly with motives for carrying out suicide attacks. Most of the suicide bombers with religious motives were men with elementary education. In addition, the results show that most of the suicide bombers who were affiliated with the Hamas organization acted out of religious motives. No significant differences were found between suicide bombers with religious and those with nationalist motives with regard to age, marital status, and prior activity in terrorist organizations.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007259
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2295
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2296
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
Living with Contradiction: Examining the Worldview of the Jewish Settlers in Hebron
Røislien, Hanne E.
In the West Bank city of Hebron the Israeli-Palestinian conflict still overshadows all activities. Despite the tension, friction, and violence that have become integral to the city’s everyday life, the Jewish Community of Hebron is expanding in numbers and geographical extent. Since the Six Day War, the community has attracted some of the most militant groups among the settlers in the West Bank, responsible for severe violence against Palestinians, including harassment, car bombs, and attempts to blow up the Dome of the Rock mosque itself. Why do the members of the Jewish Community of Hebron wish to live and raise their children in such a violent setting? Using a series of interviews with members of the Jewish Community of Hebron and related settler communities in the period 2000–05, the article examines the ways the Jewish Community legitimizes its disputed presence. It reveals a deep religious belief, blended with intense distrust of and hatred toward the Palestinian population.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007265
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2296
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2297
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
Explaining the Long-Term Trend in Violent Crime: A Heuristic Scheme and Some Methodological Considerations
Thome, Helmut
There has been a discontinuous but fairly persistent long-term decline in homicide rates in core European countries since about 1500. Since the 1950s, however, we observe an upward trend in violent crime not only in Europe but in almost all of the economically advanced nations that combine democratic political structures with free-market economies. The paper presents an explanatory scheme designed to account for both, the long decline and its apparent reversal. The theoretical model draws heavily upon ideas taken from the sociological work of Emile Durkheim and Norbert Elias—with some modifications and extensions. It seeks to integrate sociological and historical perspectives and to give due weight to both, structural and developmental forces. A key hypothesis is that the pacifying effects of the erosion of traditional collectivism can only be maintained to the extent by which “cooperative individualism” dominates over against the forces of “disintegrative individualism.” Some suggestions are made concerning the selection of appropriate indicators and the handling of methodological problems related to causal attribution.
2007-11-08
2007-11-08
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2007272
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-1-2-2007/2297
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 1 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2298
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
Hating the neighbors: The role of hate crime in the perpetuation of black residential segregation
Lynch, Ami M.
Grounded in group conflict theory and the defended neighborhoods thesis, this nationwide empirical study of cities and their residential segregation levels, examines the occurrence of hate crime using data on for all U.S. cities with populations over 95,000, and data compiled from the Uniform Crime Report for hate crime, in conjunction with 2000 census data. Hate crime is any illegal act motivated by pre-formed bias against, in this case, a person’s real or perceived race. This research asks: Do hate crime levels predict white/black segregation levels? How does hate crime predict different measures of white/black segregation? I use the dissimilarity index measure of segregation operationalized as a continuous, binary and ordinal variable, to explore whether hate crime predicts segregation of blacks from whites. In cities with higher rates of hate crime there was higher dissimilarity between whites and blacks, controlling for other factors. The segregation level was more likely to be “high” in a city where hate crime occurred. Blacks are continually multiply disadvantaged and distinctly affected by hate crime and residential segregation. Prior studies of residential segregation have focused almost exclusively on individual choice, residents’ lack of finances, or discriminatory actions that prevent racial minorities from moving, to explore the correlates of segregation. Notably absent from these studies are measures reflecting the level of hate crime occurring in cities. This study demonstrates the importance of considering hate crime and neighborhood conflict when contemplating the causes of residential segregation.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008124
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2298
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2299
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Neighborhood Violence and Adolescent Friendships
Harding, David J.
This paper investigates the social consequences of neighborhood violence. Using ego-centered friendship network data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a survey of adolescents in the United States in the mid-1990s, it examines the relationship between neighborhood violence and the quantity, closeness, and composition of adolescent same sex friendships. Though neighborhood violence is unrelated to quantity and closeness net of individual and family characteristics, it predicts boys’ friendships with individuals who no longer attend school (who are presumably older or have dropped out of school) and predicts boys’ and girls’ friendships with individuals who attend other schools. These results are consistent with the theory that violence and fear of victimization focus adolescents’ social attention on their neighborhoods and lead them to develop friendships with individuals who can help them to stay safe. By structuring who adolescents interact with, neighborhood violence may play a role in determining the cultural messages and ideals to which they are exposed.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008131
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2299
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2300
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
The Effects of Living in Segregated vs. Mixed Areas in Northern Ireland: A Simultaneous Analysis of Contact and Threat Effects in the Context of Micro-Level Neighbourhoods
Schmid, Katharina
Tausch, Nicole
Hewstone, Miles
Hughes, Joanne
Cairns, Ed
This study examines the consequences of living in segregated and mixed neighbourhoods on ingroup bias and offensive action tendencies, taking into consideration the role of intergroup experiences and perceived threat. Using adult data from a cross-sectional survey in Belfast, Northern Ireland, we tested a model that examined the relationship between living in segregated (N = 396) and mixed (N = 562) neighbourhoods and positive contact, exposure to violence, perceived threat and outgroup orientations. Our results show that living in mixed neighbourhoods was associated with lower ingroup bias and reduced offensive action tendencies. These effects were partially mediated by positive contact. However, our analysis also shows that respondents living in mixed neighbourhoods report higher exposure to political violence and higher perceived threat to physical safety. These findings demonstrate the importance of examining both social experience and threat perceptions when testing the relationship between social environment and prejudice.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008146
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2300
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2301
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
Youth criminality and urban social conflict in the city of Rosario, Argentina. Analysis and proposals for conflict transformation
Del Felice, Celina
The present article describes and analyses youth criminality in the city of Rosario, Argentina between the years 2003-2006. Key actors’ understandings of and responses to the conflict were investigated by means of semi-structured interviews, observations, discourse analysis of policy documents, analysis of secondary data, and draw heavily on the experience of the author, a citizen and youth worker of Rosario. The actors examined were the police, the local government, young delinquents and youth organisations. Youth criminality is analysed from a conflict transformation approach using conflict analysis tools. Whereas, the provincial police understand the issue as a delinquency problem, other actors perceive it as an expression of a wider urban social conflict between those that are “included” and those that are “excluded” and as one of the negative effects of globalisation processes. The results suggest that police responses addressing only direct violence are ineffective, even contributing to increased tensions and polarisation, whereas strategies addressing cultural and structural violence are more suitable for this type of social urban conflict. Finally, recommendations for local youth policy are proposed to facilitate participation and inclusion of youth and as a tool for peaceful conflict transformation.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008159
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2301
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2302
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
How Insecurity impacts on school attendance and school drop out among urban slum children in Nairobi
Mudege, Netsayi N.
Zulu, Eliya
Izugbara, Chimaraoke
This paper discusses how perceptions of personal security can impact on school enrolment and attendance. It mainly focuses on threats to physical harm, crime, community and domestic violence. These security fears can include insecurity that children suffer from as they go to school, maybe through the use of unsafe routes; insecurity that children feel at school; and the insecurity they suffer from in their homes. Although poverty is an indicator of insecurity, this paper does not focus solely on poverty as it is well covered elsewhere in the literature. The paper relies on qualitative data collected in Korogocho and Viwandani slum areas in Nairobi, Kenya between October and November 2004. The paper analyses data from individual interviews and focus group interviews and focuses on the narrative of slum dwellers on how insecurity impacts on educational attainment. The conclusion in this paper is that insecure neighbourhoods may have a negative impact on schooling. As a result policies that address insecurity in slum neighbourhoods can also improve school attendance and performance.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008165
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2302
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2303
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
Neighborhood Disadvantage and Birth Weight: The Role of Perceived Danger and Substance Abuse
Moiduddin, Emily
Massey, Douglas S.
In this analysis we connect structural neighborhood conditions to birth outcomes through their intermediate effects on mothers’ perceptions of neighborhood danger and their tendency to abuse substances during pregnancy. We hypothesize that neighborhood poverty and racial/ethnic concentration combine to produce environments that mothers perceive as unsafe, thereby increasing the likelihood of negative coping behaviors (substance abuse). We expect these behaviors, in turn, to produce lower birth weights. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a survey of a cohort mothers and children born between 1998 and 2000 in large cities in the United States, we find little evidence to suggest that neighborhood circumstances have strong, direct effects on birth weight. Living in a neighborhood with more foreigners had a positive effect on birth weight. To the extent that neighborhood conditions influence birth weight, the effect mainly occurs through an association with perceived neighborhood danger and subsequent negative coping behaviors. Poverty and racial/ethnic concentration increase a mother’s sense that her neighborhood is unsafe. The perception of an unsafe neighborhood, in turn, associates with a greater likelihood of smoking cigarettes and using illegal drugs, and these behaviors have strong and significant effects in reducing birth weight. However, demographic characteristics, rather than perceived danger or substance abuse, mediate the influence of neighborhood characteristics on birth weight.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008172
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2303
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2304
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
Crossing the Rubicon: Deciding to Become a Paramilitary in Northern Ireland
Ferguson, Neil
Burgess, Mark
Hollywood, Ian
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008184
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2304
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2305
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Policing and Islamophobia in Germany – The Role of Workplace Experience
Mescher, Heidi
This study starts from a recognition of the German police force as having a significant potential for promoting integration in contemporary multiethnic Germany. It employs three measures of Islamophobic attitudes and contact quality amongst a sample of 727 German police officers, and relates these to measures of job-satisfaction, political affiliation, individual responsibility, and recognition. The data reveal Islamophobia to be significantly linked to these variables. Detailed analyses indicate that the respondents’ experience of policing may produce levels of dissatisfaction that impacts upon their out-group attitudes. The implications of this for initiatives to promote police–Muslim relations are explored.
2008-06-16
2008-06-16
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008191
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-1-2008/2305
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2314
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
Deprivation, Violence, and Conflict: An Analysis of “Naxalite” Activity in the Districts of India
Borooah, Vani K.
This paper asks: is it a fact that there is more violence in districts affected by Naxalite (Maoist) activity compared to those which are free of Naxalite activity? And can the existence of Naxalite activity in some districts of India, but not in others, be explained by differences in economic and social conditions? This study identifies districts in India in which there was significant Naxalite activity and correlating the findings with district-level economic, social, and crime indicators. The econometric results show that, after controlling for other variables, Naxalite activity in a district had, if anything, a dampening effect on its level of violent crime and crimes against women. Furthermore, even after controlling for other variables, the probability of a district being Naxalite-affected rose with an increase in its poverty rate and fell with a rise in its literacy rate. So, one prong in an anti-Naxalite strategy would be to address the twin issues of poverty and illiteracy in India.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008288
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2314
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2315
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Modernity Strikes Back? A Historical Perspective on the Latest Increase in Interpersonal Violence (1960-1990)
Eisner, Manuel
There is a plethora of criminological explanations why criminal violence increased during the three decades between the early 1960s and the early 1990s. This paper argues that most available interpretations are lacking in three respects: they lack a historical perspective that anchors the three critical decades in a wider understanding of long-term trends; they take the nation-state as their unit of analysis and disregard important commonalities across the Western world; and they pay insufficient attention to different trends in broad categories of physical violence.This paper therefore takes a macro-level and long-term perspective on violent crime, focussing on European homicide during the past 160 years. It demonstrates that the period of increase was preceded by a long-term decline and convergence of homicide rates from the 1840s to the 1950s. Also, it shows that both the decline and the increase primarily resulted from temporal variation in the likelihood of physical aggression between men in public space. It argues that explanations of these common trends need to take into account broad long-term cultural change common to Western societies. In particular, the paper suggests that shifts in culturally transmitted and institutionally embedded ideals of the conduct of life may provide an explanation for long-term change in levels of interpersonal violence.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008278
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2315
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2316
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Is the Market Eroding Moral Norms? A Micro-Analytical Validation of Some Ideas of Anomie Theory
Burkatzki, Eckhard
Anomie theorists have been reporting the suppression of shared welfare orientations by the overwhelming dominance of economic values within capitalist societies since before the outset of neoliberalism debate. Obligations concerning common welfare are more and more often subordinated to the overarching aim of realizing economic success goals. This should be especially valid with for social life in contemporary market societies. This empirical investigation examines the extent to which market imperatives and values of the societal community are anchored within the normative orientations of market actors. Special attention is paid to whether the shape of these normative orientations varies with respect to the degree of market inclusion. Empirical analyses, based on the data of a standardized written survey within the German working population carried out in 2002, show that different types of normative orientation can be distinguished among market actors. These types are quite similar to the well-known types of anomic adaptation developed by Robert K. Merton in “Social Structure and Anomie” and are externally valid with respect to the prediction of different forms of economic crime. Further analyses show that the type of normative orientation actors adopt within everyday life depends on the degree of market inclusion. Confirming anomie theory, it is shown that the individual willingness to subordinate matters of common welfare to the aim of economic success—radical market activism—gets stronger the more actors are included in the market sphere. Finally, the relevance of reported findings for the explanation of violent behavior, especially with view to varieties of corporate violence, is discussed.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008261
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2316
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2317
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Social Structural Effects on the Level and Development of the Individual Experience of Anomie in the German Population
Legge, Sandra
Davidov, Eldad
Schmidt, Peter
Can one observe an increasing level of individual lack of orientation because of rapid social change in modern societies? This question is examined using data from a representative longitudinal survey in Germany conducted in 2002–04. The study examines the role of education, age, sex, region (east/west), and political orientation for the explanation of anomia and its development. First we present the different sources of anomie in modern societies, based on the theoretical foundations of Durkheim and Merton, and introduce the different definitions of anomia, including our own cognitive version. Then we deduce several hypotheses from the theory, which we test by means of longitudinal data for the period 2002–04 in Germany using the latent growth curve model as our statistical method. The empirical findings show that all the sociodemographic variables, including political orientation, are strong predictors of the initial level of anomia. Regarding the development of anomia over time (2002–04), only the region (west) has a significant impact. In particular, the results of a multi-group analysis show that western German people with a right-wing political orientation become more anomic over this period. The article concludes with some theoretical implications.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008256
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2317
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2318
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
Assessing the Relevance of Anomie Theory for Explaining Spatial Variation in Lethal Criminal Violence: An Aggregate-Level Analysis of Homicide within the United States
Stults, Brian J.
Baumer, Eric P.
One of the most influential statements in the anomie theory tradition has been Merton’s argument that the volume of instrumental property crime should be higher where there is a greater imbalance between the degree of commitment to monetary success goals and the degree of commitment to legitimate means of pursing such goals. Contemporary anomie theories stimulated by Merton’s perspective, most notably Messner and Rosenfeld’s institutional anomie theory, have expanded the scope conditions by emphasizing lethal criminal violence as an outcome to which anomie theory is highly relevant, and virtually all contemporary empirical studies have focused on applying the perspective to explaining spatial variation in homicide rates. In the present paper, we argue that current explications of Merton’s theory and IAT have not adequately conveyed the relevance of the core features of the anomie perspective to lethal violence. We propose an expanded anomie model in which an unbalanced pecuniary value system – the core causal variable in Merton’s theory and IAT – translates into higher levels of homicide primarily in indirect ways by increasing levels of firearm prevalence, drug market activity, and property crime, and by enhancing the degree to which these factors stimulate lethal outcomes. Using aggregate-level data collected during the mid-to-late 1970s for a sample of relatively large social aggregates within the U.S., we find a significant effect on homicide rates of an interaction term reflecting high levels of commitment to monetary success goals and low levels of commitment to legitimate means. Virtually all of this effect is accounted for by higher levels of property crime and drug market activity that occur in areas with an unbalanced pecuniary value system. Our analysis also reveals that property crime is more apt to lead to homicide under conditions of high levels of structural disadvantage. These and other findings underscore the potential value of elaborating the anomie perspective to explicitly account for lethal violence.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008244
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2318
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2319
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Anomic Crime in Post-Welfarist Societies. Cult of the Individual, Integration Patterns and Delinquency
Frerichs, Sabine
Münch, Richard
Sander, Monika
Post-Fordist economies come along with post-welfarist societies marked by intensified cultural individualism and increased structural inequalities. These conditions are commonly held to be conducive to relative deprivation and, thereby, anomic crime. At the same time, post-welfarist societies develop a new ‘balance of power’ between institutions providing for welfare regulation, such as the family, the state and the (labour) market – and also the penal system. These institutions are generally expected to improve social integration, ensure conformity and thus reduce anomic crime. Combining both perspectives, we analyse the effects of moral individualism, social inequality, and different integration strategies on crime rates in contemporary societies through the lenses of anomie theory. To test our hypotheses, we draw on time-series cross-section data compiled from different data sources (OECD, UN, WHO, WDI) for twenty developed countries in the period 1970-2004, and run multiple regressions that control for country-specific effects. Although we find some evidence that the mismatch between cultural ideal (individual inclusion) and structural reality (stratified exclusion) increases the anomic pressure, whereas conservative (i. e. family-based), social-democratic (i. e. state-based) and liberal (i. e. market-based) integration strategies to a certain extent prove effective in controlling the incidence of crime, the results are not very robust. Moreover, reservations have to be made regarding the effects of “market” income inequality as well as familialist, unionist and liberalist employment policies that are shown to have reversed effects in our sample: the former reducing, the latter occasionally increasing anomic crime. As expected, the mismatch between cultural ideal (individual inclusion) and structural reality (stratified exclusion) increases the anomic pressure, whereas conservative (i. e. family-based), social-democratic (i. e. state-based) and liberal (i. e. market-based) integration strategies generally prove effective in controlling the incidence of crime. Nevertheless, we conclude that the new cult of the individual undermines the effectiveness of conservative and social-democratic integration strategies and drives societies towards more “liberal” regimes that build on incentive as well as punitive elements.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008232
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2319
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2320
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Want Amid Plenty: Developing and Testing a Cross-National Measure of Anomie
Bjerregaard, Beth
Cochran, John K.
One of the biggest challenges facing researchers trying to empirically test structural or institutional anomie theories is the operationalization of the key concept of anomie. This challenge is heightened by the data constraints involved in cross-national research. As a result, researchers have been forced to rely on surrogate or proxy measures of anomie and indirect tests of the theories. The purpose of this study is to examine an innovative and more theoretically sound measure of anomie and to test its ability to make cross-national predictions of serious crime. Our results are supportive of the efficacy of this construct to explain cross-national variations in crime rates. Nations with the highest rates of structural anomie also have the highest predicted rates of homicide.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008228
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2320
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2321
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
Institutions, Anomie, and Violent Crime: Clarifying and Elaborating Institutional-Anomie Theory
Messner, Steven F.
Thome, Helmut
Rosenfeld, Richard
A limited but accumulating body of research and theoretical commentary offers support for core claims of the “institutional-anomie theory” of crime (IAT) and points to areas needing further development. In this paper, which focuses on violent crime, we clarify the concept of social institutions, elaborate the cultural component of IAT, derive implications for individual behavior, summarize empirical applications, and propose directions for future research. Drawing on Talcott Parsons, we distinguish the “subjective” and “objective” dimensions of institutional dynamics and discuss their interrelationship. We elaborate on the theory’s cultural component with reference to Durkheim’s distinction between “moral” and “egoistic” individualism and propose that a version of the egoistic type characterizes societies in which the economy dominates the institutional structure, anomie is rampant, and levels of violent crime are high. We also offer a heuristic model of IAT that integrates macro- and individual levels of analysis. Finally, we discuss briefly issues for the further theoretical elaboration of this macro-social perspective on violent crime. Specifically, we call attention to the important tasks of explaining the emergence of economic dominance in the institutional balance of power and of formulating an institutional account for distinctive punishment practices, such as the advent of mass incarceration in the United States.
2008-11-02
2008-11-02
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2008210
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-2-2-2008/2321
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 2 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2322
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
Motive Structures and Violence among Young Globalization Critics. A Statistical Typology of the Motives for Protest at the 2007 G8 Summit
Möller, Renate
Sander, Uwe
Schäfer, Arne
Villányi, Dirk
Witte, Matthias D.
The results of a questionnaire survey of 3,578 young protesters aged 15 to 24 were used to create a typology of the motive structures of the young globalization critics who participated in protests against the G8 summit in Heiligendamm in June 2007. Eight groups with different motive structures identified using cluster analysis reveal the spectrum of motives of the young demonstrators, ranging from social and political idealism to hedonistic fun-seeking and nationalist motives. Despite the diversity of motives, two cross-cluster motives can be identified: the results clearly show that the majority of respondents were motivated by political idealism and rejected violence. Two overlapping minorities were found: one where political idealism was largely lacking, and another where violence was a prominent motive.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009191
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2322
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2323
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Understanding the Other’s “Understanding” of Violence: Legitimacy, Recognition, and the Challenge of Dealing with the Past in Divided Societies
Baumann, Marcel M.
Post-conflict societies which have achieved a cessation of violence and embarked on a political conflict transformation process cannot in the long-term avoid a process of dealing with the past. Case studies of South Africa and Northern Ireland confirm this normative claim, showing that within the post-war society as a whole a social consensus on how to “understand” and “recognize” the use of violence that occurred during the conflict is necessary: understanding the other’s “understanding” of violence. A mutual understanding must be reached that both sides fought a campaign that was just and legitimate from their own perspective. The morality of the “other’s violence” has to be recognized.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009186
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2323
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2324
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks for Organised Violence
Shaw, Martin
The possibility of violence is ubiquitous in human social relations, its forms are manifold and its causes complex. Different types of violence are interrelated but in complex ways, and they are studied within a wide range of disciplines, so that a general theory, while possible, is difficult to achieve. This paper acknowledges that violence can negate power and that all forms of social power can entail violence, proceeds on the assumption that the organisation of violence is a particular source of social power. It therefore explores the general relationships of violence to power, the significance of war as the archetype of organised violence, the relationships of other types (revolution, terrorism, genocide) to war, and the significance of civilian-combatant stratification for the understanding of all types of organised violence. It then discusses the problems of applying conceptual types in analysis, and the necessity of a historical framework for theorising violence. The paper concludes by offering such a framework in the transition from industrialised total war to global surveillance war.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009173
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2324
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2325
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
Violence as Situational Action
Wikström, Per-Olof H.
Treiber, Kyle H.
Violence comes in many forms and occurs in many different circumstances for many different reasons. Is it really possible to develop a single theory that can explain all these disparate acts? In this paper, we argue it is. We will make the case that acts of violence are essentially moral actions and therefore can, and should, be analysed and explained as such. We will maintain that all acts of violence can be explained within the general framework of a theory of moral action. We will present just such a theory – Situational Action Theory – and demonstrate how it can be applied to the explanation and study of violence.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009162
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2325
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2326
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
Is a General Theory of Socially Disapproved Violence Possible (or Necessary)?
Tittle, Charles
A model of theoretical science is set forth to guide the formulation of general theories around abstract concepts and processes. Such theories permit explanatory application to many phenomena that are not ostensibly alike, and in so doing encompass socially disapproved violence, making special theories of violence unnecessary. Though none is completely adequate for the explanatory job, at least seven examples of general theories that help account for deviance make up the contemporary theoretical repertoire. From them, we can identify abstractions built around features of offenses, aspects of individuals, the nature of social relationships, and different social processes. Although further development of general theories may be hampered by potential indeterminacy of the subject matter and by the possibility of human agency, maneuvers to deal with such obstacles are available.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009152
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2326
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2327
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
pub-type:article
The Uses of Violence: An Examination of some Cross-Cutting Issues
Eisner, Manuel
A general theory of violence may only be possible in the sense of a meta-theoretical framework, As such it should comprise a parsimonious set of general mechanisms that operate across various manifestations of violence. In order to identify such mechanisms, a general theory of violence needs to equally consider all manifestations of violence, in all societies, and at all times. Departing from this assumption this paper argues that three theoretical approaches may be combined in a non-contradictory way to understand violence as goal-directed instrumental behaviour: a theory of the judgment and decision-making processes operating in the situations that give rise to violence; a theory of the evolutionary processes that have resulted in universal cognitive and emotional mechanisms associated with violence; and a theory of the way in which social institutions structure violence by selectively enhancing its effectiveness for some purposes (i.e legitimate use of force) and controlling other types of violence (i.e crime). To illustrate the potential use of such a perspective the paper then examines some general mechanisms that may explain many different types of violence. In particular, it examines how the mechanisms of moralistic aggression (Trivers) and moral disengagement (Bandura) may account for many different types of violence.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009144
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2327
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2328
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
Violence, Crime, and Violent Crime
Felson, Richard B.
I propose a dual conceptualization of violent crime. Since violent crime is both violence and crime, theories of aggression and deviance are required to understand it. I argue that both harm-doing and rule breaking are instrumental behaviors and that a bounded rational choice approach can account for both behaviors. However, while some of the causes of harm-doing and deviance (and violent and nonviolent crime) are the same, some are different. Theories of crime and deviance cannot explain why one only observes individual and group differences in violent crime and theories of aggression and violence cannot explain why one observes differences in all types of crimes. Such theories are “barking up the wrong tree.”
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009131
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2328
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2329
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
Micro and Macro Causes of Violence
Collins, Randall
The dominant emotion in violence-threatening situations is confrontational tension/fear (ct/f), which causes most violence to abort, or to be carried out inaccurately and incompetently. For violence to be successful, there must be a pathway around the barrier of ct/f. These pathways include: attacking the weak; audience-oriented staged and controlled fair fights; confrontation-avoiding remote violence; confrontation-avoiding by deception; confrontation-avoiding by absorption in technique. Successfully violent persons, on both sides of the law, are those who have developed these skilled interactional techniques. Since successful violence involves dominating the emotional attention space, only a small proportion of persons can belong to the elite which does most of each type of violence. Macro-violence, including victory and defeat in war, and in struggles of paramilitaries and social movements, is shaped by both material resources and social/emotional resources for maintaining violent organizations and forcing their opponents into organizational breakdown. Social and emotional destruction generally precedes physical destruction.
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nun:de:0070-ijcv-2009120
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2329
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2330
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Introduction: Is a General Theory of Violence Possible?
Karstedt, Susanne
Eisner, Manuel
2009-05-01
2009-05-01
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009117
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-1-2009/2330
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2331
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
Guest Editorial: Racial and Ethnic Conflict and Violence
Bergmann, Werner
Crutchfield, Robert D.
Racial and ethnic violence takes many forms. Genocides, ethnic cleansing, pogroms, civil wars, and violent separatist movements are the most obvious and extreme expressions, but less organized violence such as rioting, and hate crimes by individuals or small groups are products of racial and ethnic conflict as well. Also, the distribution of criminal violence within societies, which may or may not be aimed at members of another group, is in some places a by-product of ongoing conflicts between superior and subordinated racial or ethnic groups. Although estimates of the number of deaths attributable to ethnic violence vary widely, range of eleven to twenty million given for the period between 1945 and the early 1990s show the gravity of this type of conflict (Williams 1994, 50). So it comes as no surprise that scholars have paid increasing attention to such conflicts over the last decades.
2009-12-20
2009-12-20
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009219
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-2-2009/2331
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2332
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Banks and the Racial Patterning of Homicide: A Study of Chicago Neighborhoods
Veléz, Maria B.
While bank investment is a driving force behind neighborhood viability, few studies have directly examined the effects of bank loan practices on neighborhood crime rates. This paper proposes that residential bank loan policies help explain the higher rates of homicide in minority neighborhoods in Chicago compared to white neighborhoods. It finds that black and Latino neighborhoods would experience fewer homicides if more financial capital were infused into these neighborhoods. These findings suggest that neighborhoods are shaped profoundly by the decisions of external economic actors.
2009-12-20
2009-12-20
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009224
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-2-2009/2332
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2333
2017-03-27T07:05:25Z
journal:ijcv
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
The Social Dynamics of Communal Violence in India
Eckert, Julia
Contrasting strands of explanation of the motives underlying collective action, as either culturally determined, as an attempt at compensation, point towards an understanding of identity politics as a reaction to given conditions. They pay little attention to the social dynamics that evolve in relation to the conflict within a group, and the possible motivation that can ensue from these. This article analyses the mobilisation among Hindu-nationalist organisations. Rather than seeking their attraction in their discursive outputs and the possible answers they might give in times of change, the contention is that they are to be sought in the specific internal dynamics and the possibilities they create within their historical context. These specific opportunities for action are inherent firstly in the mode of operation relying on participation and involvement, on their direct intervention, their localness and accessibility. Moreover, the dichotomisation inherent in violence makes possible the integration of different interests and different discontents under one banner and therefore contributes to the project of unification undertaken by Hindu-nationalism.
2009-12-20
2009-12-20
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009232
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-2-2009/2333
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2334
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:ijcv
Pastoralists at War: Violence and Security in the Kenya-Sudan-Uganda Border Region
Leff, Jonah
The majority of those living in the border region of Kenya, Sudan, and Uganda are pastoralists, whose livelihoods are dictated by the upkeep and size of their herds. Harsh environmental conditions force pastoralists to migrate in search of water and pasturelands during the dry season. With limited access to water and competing rights to land, inter-tribal conflict arises when pastoralists from one tribe enter the territory of another. The increased availability of small arms in the region from past wars increasingly makes ordinary clashes fatal. Governments in the region have responded with heavy-handed coercive disarmament operations. These have led to distrust and subsequent violent clashes between communities and security providers. This report reviews the scale, consequences of, and responses to the many pastoral conflicts, utilizing methodological tools such as key informant interviews, retrospective analy¬sis, and a thorough review of available literature.
2009-12-20
2009-12-20
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009242
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-2-2009/2334
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2335
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Clausewitz’s “Wondrous Trinity” as a Coordinate System of War and Violent Conflict
Herberg-Rothe, Andreas
Rather than discarding Clausewitz’s theory of war in response to the revolutionary changes in modern warfare, this article articulates a broader theory of war based on his concept of the “wondrous trinity,” identifying it as his true legacy. The author shows that the concept of trinitarian war attributed to Clausewitz by his critics, which seems to be applicable only to wars between states, is a caricature of Clausewitz’s theory. He goes on to develop Clausewitz’s theory that war is composed of the three tendencies of violence/force, fighting, and the affiliation of the combatants to a warring community. Each war can be analyzed as being composed of these three tendencies and their opposites.
2009-12-20
2009-12-20
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009259
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-2-2009/2335
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2336
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:ijcv
pub-type:article
Reconstructing the Narrative of Rape in the Kibbutz by the Israeli Press
Shoham, Efrat
The author proposes that national press coverage of sex crimes in Israeli kibbutzim is intended to restructure the public’s perception by showing that such crimes are a symptom of broader social problems. Articles about a rape incident in Kibbutz Shomrat published during 1991–1995 in the local kibbutz press are compared with a sample of articles dealing with the same subject in two of the largest daily Israeli newspapers during the same period. Coverage by both sources of a later story of rape in another kibbutz from 2005 is also examined. The author demonstrates that the national press used the rape incident to invalidate the presumed moral superiority of the kibbutz movement and presented the crime as a symptom of the broad ideological and social crisis faced by the kibbutz movement. The local kibbutz press used a “defensive attribution” mechanism to construct their narrative, allowing kibbutz members to distance themselves, and the values their community professes, from the rape case.
2009-12-20
2009-12-20
urn:nbn:de:0070-ijcv-2009269
http://www.ijcv.org/issues/ijcv-3-2-2009/2336
International Journal of Conflict and Violence ; 3 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2392
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Book Review of “At Risk: Social Justice in Child Welfare and Other Human Services” by Karen J. Swift and Marilyn Callahan, 2009, Toronto: University of Toronto Press
Janzen, Caitlin
book review
At Risk: Social Justice in Child Welfare and Other Human Services
Karen J. Swift
Marilyn Callahan
The newest book by Canadian social work scholars Karen Swift and Marilyn Callahan is exemplary of how other disciplines can invigorate social work theory. “At Risk” uses child welfare practice as an entry point for exploring the continuing movement away from addressing needs and towards the management of risk in the human services.
2010-03-22
2010-03-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-23920
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/bookreviews/janzen
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2393
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Defending Democratic Youth Work
Taylor, Tony
Defending
Democratic
Youth Work
The UK's liberal-cum-democratic welfare regime has led to a more developed state-sponsored youth work than in the majority of continental Europe, where a corporatist welfare regime has held sway (Esping Andersen 1990). To this extent British Youth Work has been more susceptible to governmental intervention. Nevertheless the ascendancy of neo-liberalism across the last three decades has disturbed significantly all models of the Welfare State, expressed in the impact of 'New Managerialism'. Thus we are seeing a convergence towards an imposed, instrumental, output-driven approach to the delivery of both education and welfare. In both the UK and continental Europe youth workers and social workers are confronted with intrusive interventions and demands from governments, which are utterly at odds with their shared desire to start from 'where young people are at'. In this paper we sketch the emergence of a campaign within Youth Work, which seeks to oppose and resist its transformation into an agency of social engineering. In contrast we stand for an emancipatory Youth Work committed to social change. In telling our story thus far we hope to reach out to and make alliances with workers across Europe sympathetic to our cause.
2010-03-22
2010-03-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-23939
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/essays/taylor
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2394
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Mindful Social Work?
Debaene, Raf
Mindful
Social Work
Mindfulness gets growing attention in the education and practice of social work. It is seen as an important source of inspiration for social work and as a counterbalance for the rationalization of social work. Hick states that mindfulness “is an orientation to our everyday experiences that can be cultivated by means of various exercises and practices. By opening up in a particular way to their internal and external experiences, social workers and clients are better able to understand what is happening to them in both a psychological and sociological sense. With this understanding, people are better able to see the variety of ways in which they can respond. Habitual reactions are more easily avoided, and inner peace and balance are developed” (Hick 2009: 1). Despite this praise of mindfulness as an important source of inspiration and the expectation that its popularity might expand in the next century, it is argued in this essay by Raf Debaene that mindfulness, although possibly very useful in some settings, had very little to do with social work.
2010-03-22
2010-03-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-23945
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/essays/debaene
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2400
2017-03-27T07:05:27Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Walter Friedländer (1891-1984) – Between Social Democracy and Social Darwinism
Wieler, Joachim
Walter Friedländer
Social Democracy
Social Darwinism
If the profession of social work is to have a future we must know where it came from, and the series of portraits of our pioneers is one of the paths into the origins of that profession. I feel grateful to the publishers for this online-journal and also honoured to be asked to continue the series on pioneers in social work. I gladly comply because, in connection with my research on Alice Salomon and other social workers who were expelled from Germany and other Nazi-occupied territories (Wieler1989 and 1995) I had the pleasure and privilege of meeting and interviewing Walter Friedländer shortly before he passed away. It is years ago that I visited him in his home among stacks of books and piles of papers. My memories are vivid. I still see his sparkling eyes and hear his soft voice with a very heavy German accent. I was most impressed by his memory of historical events and people which, it seemed, only a large hard-drive could retain these days. Now, I wish I had asked more questions but instead, we will have to rely largely on primary and secondary literature and box upon box of archival materials. I draw heavily on the comprehensive German and Jewish Intellectual Emigré Collection (http://library.albany.edu/speccoll/findaids/ger003.htm) which consists of nearly 50 cubic feet and another collection of the German Central Institute („Deutsches Zentralinstitut für Soziale Fragen-DZI“) in Berlin (www.dzi.de). Some of the more current archival materials were lost in a flood, and much of Friedländer’s early memorabilia up to 1933 was lost in Germany. There are also internet resources with widely differing information. I hope that I will not have overlooked too much in order to do justice to this remarkable pioneer and colleague. In order to appreciate and pay tribute to Walter Friedländer and his contributions we will have to reconsider the historical and international context of more than the 93 years of his life span: the German Monarchy, the Weimar Republic, Nazi-Fascism, Swiss, French and American exile and numerous visits to other countries.
2010-03-22
2010-03-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24004
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/historicalportraits/wieler
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2448
2017-03-27T07:05:28Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Domestic Violence
Lapierre, Simon
Domestic Violence
Since the 1960s, there has been growing awareness regarding the issue of domestic violence as a form of violence against women, which has been largely influenced by the work of feminist activist and scholars in North America and Europe (Dobash and Dobash 1992). Other terms have been used to describe the same phenomenon, including domestic abuse, spousal abuse, wife battering, marital violence, intimate partner violence. Though there is no doubt that this problem has existed for much more than five decades, the tendency to label it as ‘private matters’ or ‘marital disagreements’ has obscured the reality of women living with abuse in their home.
At a general level, domestic violence can be defined as the means used by a man in order to assert his control and domination over his intimate partner, whether they are married or not (Mullender 1996). It can involve incidents of physical and sexual violence, as well as verbal, psychological and financial abuse. Though some of its manifestations may be associated with particular cultural or religious groups – e.g. forced marriage and honour killing in South-Asian communities – domestic violence affects women from all classes and backgrounds.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24484
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/glossary/lapierre
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2450
2017-03-27T07:05:29Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
The Implementation of Full-time Schools: The Situation in the Federal State of Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Adolfo de Moura, Rogério
Implementation
Full-time Schools
Federal State of Sao Paulo
Brazil
During the past years, Brazil has been mentioned internationally as a one of the so-called BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China). These countries have been taking increasing space in the economical and political global scenarios in the XXI century. The facts that they possess a vast territory and stand among the highest populated countries increase their relevance within the United Nations. Besides, three of them constitute nuclear powers and two of them belong to the United Nations Security Council.
Brazil has significantly participated in forums such as WTO and UNO, representing central political articulation and stability to Latin America and in the structuring and growth of MERCOSUL (Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Venezuela). Once again among the ten greatest economies of the world, the country has launched ambitious poverty-fighting programs helping more than 20 million people in the last years, such as the “Bolsa Família” (Familienstipendium) Program or and its complements).
Nevertheless, Latin American countries are far from generating structural funds as the “European Social Fund” to assist specific demands of big cities as Sao Paulo and Buenos Aires. The commitments are restricted to commercial areas and bring nothing but slow and scarce advances to education or infra-structure and to the integration of systems related to these areas.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24504
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/expertises/moura
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2451
2017-03-27T07:05:29Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Efforts and Models of Education for Parents: the Danish Approach
Rosendal Jensen, Niels
Brix, Dorthe
Efforts
Models
Education for Parents
Danish Approach
The report examines the relationship between day care institutions, schools and so called “parents unfamiliar to education” as well as the relationship between the institutions.
With in Danish public and professional discourse concepts like parents unfamiliar to education are usually referring to environments, parents or families with either no or just very restricted experience of education except for the basic school (folkeskole). The “grand old man” of Danish educational research, Prof. Em. Erik Jørgen Hansen, defines the concept as follows: Parents who are distant from or not familiar with education, are parents without tradition of education and by that fact they are not able to contribute constructively in order to back up their own children during their education. Many teachers and pedagogues are not used to that term; they rather prefer concepts like “socially exposed” or “socially disadvantaged” parents or social classes or strata.
The report does not only focus on parents who are not capable to support the school achievements of their children, since a low level of education is usually connected with social disadvantage. Such parents are often not capable of understanding and meeting the demands from side of the school when sending their children to school. They lack the competencies or the necessary competence of action. For the moment being much attention is done from side of the Ministries of Education and Social Affairs (recently renamed Ministry of Welfare) in order to create equal possibilities for all children. Many kinds of expertise (directions, counsels, researchers, etc.) have been more than eager to promote recommendations aiming at achieving the ambitious goal: 2015 95% of all young people should complement a full education (classes 10.-12.). Research results are pointing out the importance of increased participation of parents. In other word the agenda is set for ‘parents’ education’.
It seems necessary to underline that Danish welfare policy has been changing rather radical. The classic model was an understanding of welfare as social assurance and/or as social distribution – based on social solidarity. The modern model looks like welfare as social service and/or social investment. This means that citizens are changing role – from user and/or citizen to consumer and/or investor. The Danish state is in correspondence with decisions taken by the government investing in a national future shaped by global competition. The new models of welfare – “service” and “investment” – imply severe changes in hitherto known concepts of family life, relationship between parents and children etc. As an example the investment model points at a new implementation of the relationship between social rights and the rights of freedom. The service model has demonstrated that weakness that the access to qualified services in the field of health or education is becoming more and more dependent of the private purchasing power. The weakness of the investment model is that it represents a sort of “The Winner takes it all” – since a political majority is enabled to make agendas in societal fields former protected by the tripartite power and the rights of freedom of the citizens. The outcome of the Danish development seems to be an establishment of a political governed public service industry which on one side are capable of competing on market conditions and on the other are able being governed by contracts. This represents a new form of close linking of politics, economy and professional work. Attempts of controlling education, pedagogy and thereby the population are not a recent invention. In European history we could easily point at several such experiments. The real news is the linking between political priorities and exercise of public activities by economic incentives. By defining visible goals for the public servants, by introducing measurement of achievements and effects, and by implementing a new wage policy depending on achievements and/or effects a new system of accountability is manufactured.
The consequences are already perceptible. The government decides to do some special interventions concerning parents, children or youngsters, the public servants on municipality level are instructed to carry out their services by following a manual, and the parents are no longer protected by privacy. Protection of privacy and minority is no longer a valuable argumentation to prevent further interventions in people’s life (health, food, school, etc.). The citizens are becoming objects of investment, also implying that people are investing in their own health, education, and family. This means that investments in changes of life style and development of competences go hand in hand. The below mentioned programmes are conditioned by this shift.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24515
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/expertises/brixjensen
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2452
2017-03-27T07:05:29Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
The Integration of Formal and Non-formal Education: The Dutch “brede school”
du Bois-Reymond, Manuela
Integration
Formal and Non-formal Education
Dutch
“brede school”
The Dutch “brede school” (BS) development originates in the 1990s and has spread unevenly since: quicker in the primary than secondary educational sector. In 2007, there were about 1000 primary and 350 secondary BS schools and it is the intention of the government as well as the individual municipalities to extend that number and make the BS the dominant school form of the near future.
In the primary sector, a BS cooperates with crèche and preschool facilities, besides possible other neighborhood partners. The main targets are, first, to enhance educational opportunities, particularly for children with little (western-) cultural capital, and secondly to increase women’s labor market participation by providing extra familial care for babies and small children. All primary schools are now obliged to provide such care.
In the secondary sector, a BS is less neighborhood-orientated than a primary BS because those schools are bigger and more often located in different buildings. As in the primary sector, there are broad and more narrow BS, the first profile cooperating with many non-formal and other partners and facilities and the second with few. On the whole, there is a wide variety of BS schools, with different profiles and objectives, dependent on the needs and wishes of the initiators and the neighborhood. A BS is always the result of initiatives of the respective school and its partners: parents, other neighborhood associations, municipality etc. BS schools are not enforced by the government although the general trend will be that existing school organizations transform into BS.
The integration of formal and non-formal education and learning is more advanced in primary than secondary schools. In secondary education, vocational as well as general, there is a clear dominance of formal education; the non-formal curriculum serves mainly two lines and objectives: first, provide attractive leisure activities and second provide compensatory courses and support for under-achievers who are often students with migrant background.
In both sectors, primary and secondary, it is the formal school organization with its professionals which determines the character of a BS; there is no full integration of formal and non-formal education resulting in one non-disruptive learning trajectory, nor is there the intention to go in that direction. Non-formal pedagogues are partly professionals, like youth- and social workers, partly volunteers, like parents, partly non-educational partners, like school-police, psycho-medical help or commercial leisure providers.
Besides that, the BS is regarded by government educational and social policy as a potential partner and anchor for community development.
It is too early to make reliable statements about the effects of the BS movement in the Netherlands concerning the educational opportunities for disadvantaged children and their families, especially those with migrant background, and combat further segregation. Evaluation studies made so far are moderately positive but also point to problems of overly bureaucratized structures and layers, lack of sufficient financial resources and, again, are uncertain about long-term effects.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24522
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/expertises/bois-reymond
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2453
2017-03-27T07:05:29Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Capabilities in the Context of Education and Whole-Day Schooling: The Situation in Poland
Szkudlarek, Tomasz
Mendel, Maria
Capabilities
Context
Education
Whole-Day Schooling
Situation
Poland
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24536
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/expertises/mendelszkudlarek
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2454
2017-03-27T07:05:29Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Semiotic Analysis in the Study of Social Work
Laine, Terhi
Saurama, Erja
Semiotic Analysis
Study
Social Work
Research and professional practices have the joint aim of re-structuring the preconceived notions of reality. They both want to gain the understanding about social reality. Social workers use their professional competence in order to grasp the reality of their clients, while researchers’ pursuit is to open the secrecies of the research material. Development and research are now so intertwined and inherent in almost all professional practices that making distinctions between practising, developing and researching has become difficult and in many aspects irrelevant. Moving towards research-based practices is possible and it is easily applied within the framework of the qualitative research approach (Dominelli 2005, 235; Humphries 2005, 280).
Social work can be understood as acts and speech acts crisscrossing between social workers and clients. When trying to catch the verbal and non-verbal hints of each others’ behaviour, the actors have to do a lot of interpretations in a more or less uncertain mental landscape. Our point of departure is the idea that the study of social work practices requires tools which effectively reveal the internal complexity of social work (see, for example, Adams & Dominelli & Payne 2005, 294 – 295).
The boom of qualitative research methodologies in recent decades is associated with much profound the rupture in humanities, which is called the linguistic turn (Rorty 1967). The idea that language is not transparently mediating our perceptions and thoughts about reality, but on the contrary it constitutes it was new and even confusing to many social scientists. Nowadays we have got used to read research reports which have applied different branches of discursive analyses or narratologic or semiotic approaches. Although differences are sophisticated between those orientations they share the idea of the predominance of language.
Despite the lively research work of today’s social work and the research-minded atmosphere of social work practice, semiotics has rarely applied in social work research. However, social work as a communicative practice concerns symbols, metaphors and all kinds of the representative structures of language. Those items are at the core of semiotics, the science of signs, and the science which examines people using signs in their mutual interaction and their endeavours to make the sense of the world they live in, their semiosis.
When thinking of the practice of social work and doing the research of it, a number of interpretational levels ought to be passed before reaching the research phase in social work. First of all, social workers have to interpret their clients’ situations, which will be recorded in the files. In some very rare cases those past situations will be reflected in discussions or perhaps interviews or put under the scrutiny of some researcher in the future. Each and every new observation adds its own flavour to the mixture of meanings. Social workers have combined their observations with previous experience and professional knowledge, furthermore, the situation on hand also influences the reactions. In addition, the interpretations made by social workers over the course of their daily working routines are never limited to being part of the personal process of the social worker, but are also always inherently cultural. The work aiming at social change is defined by the presence of an initial situation, a specific goal, and the means and ways of achieving it, which are – or which should be – agreed upon by the social worker and the client in situation which is unique and at the same time socially-driven.
Because of the inherent plot-based nature of social work, the practices related to it can be analysed as stories (see Dominelli 2005, 234), given, of course, that they are signifying and told by someone. The research of the practices is concentrating on impressions, perceptions, judgements, accounts, documents etc. All these multifarious elements can be scrutinized as textual corpora, but not whatever textual material. In semiotic analysis, the material studied is characterised as verbal or textual and loaded with meanings.
We present a contribution of research methodology, semiotic analysis, which has to our mind at least implicitly references to the social work practices. Our examples of semiotic interpretation have been picked up from our dissertations (Laine 2005; Saurama 2002). The data are official documents from the archives of a child welfare agency and transcriptions of the interviews of shelter employees. These data can be defined as stories told by the social workers of what they have seen and felt. The official documents present only fragmentations and they are often written in passive form. (Saurama 2002, 70.) The interviews carried out in the shelters can be described as stories where the narrators are more familiar and known. The material is characterised by the interaction between the interviewer and interviewee. The levels of the story and the telling of the story become apparent when interviews or documents are examined with the use of semiotic tools.
The roots of semiotic interpretation can be found in three different branches; the American pragmatism, Saussurean linguistics in Paris and the so called formalism in Moscow and Tartu; however in this paper we are engaged with the so called Parisian School of semiology which prominent figure was A. J. Greimas. The Finnish sociologists Pekka Sulkunen and Jukka Törrönen (1997a; 1997b) have further developed the ideas of Greimas in their studies on socio-semiotics, and we lean on their ideas.
In semiotics social reality is conceived as a relationship between subjects, observations, and interpretations and it is seen mediated by natural language which is the most common sign system among human beings (Mounin 1985; de Saussure 2006; Sebeok 1986). Signification is an act of associating an abstract context (signified) to some physical instrument (signifier). These two elements together form the basic concept, the “sign”, which never constitutes any kind of meaning alone. The meaning will be comprised in a distinction process where signs are being related to other signs. In this chain of signs, the meaning becomes diverged from reality. (Greimas 1980, 28; Potter 1996, 70; de Saussure 2006, 46-48.)
One interpretative tool is to think of speech as a surface under which deep structures – i.e. values and norms – exist (Greimas & Courtes 1982; Greimas 1987). To our mind semiotics is very much about playing with two different levels of text: the syntagmatic surface which is more or less faithful to the grammar, and the paradigmatic, semantic structure of values and norms hidden in the deeper meanings of interpretations. Semiotic analysis deals precisely with the level of meaning which exists under the surface, but the only way to reach those meanings is through the textual level, the written or spoken text. That is why the tools are needed. In our studies, we have used the semiotic square and the actant analysis. The former is based on the distinctions and the categorisations of meanings, and the latter on opening the plotting of narratives in order to reach the value structures.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24548
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/researchnotes/lainesaurama
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2456
2017-03-27T07:05:29Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Landscapes of Education and the New Role of Social Work International Models of How to Combine Formal, Non-formal and Informal Education
Bollweg, Petra
Otto, Hans-Uwe
Landscapes of Education
New Role of Social Work
International Models
How to Combine Formal, Non-formal and Informal Education
Landscapes of education are a new topic within the debate about adequate and just education and human development for everybody. In particular, children and youths from social classes affected by poverty, a lack of prospects or minimal schooling are a focal group that should be offered new approaches and opportunities of cognitive and social development by way of these landscapes of education. It has become apparent that the traditional school alone does not suffice to meet this need. There is no doubt that competency-based orientation and employability are core areas with the help of which the generation now growing up will manage the start of its professional career. In addition and by no means less important, the development involves individual, social, cultural and societal perspectives that can be combined under the term of human development. In this context, the Capability Approach elaborated by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum has developed a more extensive concept of human development and related it to empirical instruments. Using the analytic concept of individual capabilities and societal opportunities they shaped a socio-political formula that should be adapted in particular to modern social work. Moreover, the Capability Approach offers a critical foil with regard to further development and revision of institutionalised approaches in education and human development.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24563
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/expertises/bollwegotto
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2462
2017-03-27T07:05:30Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Sexuality and the ‘Relations of Ruling’: Using Institutional Ethnography to Research Lesbian and Gay Foster Care and Adoption.
Hicks, Stephen
adoption
foster
care
gay
men
institutional
ethnography
lesbians
sexuality
social work
gender role model
This article makes use of institutional ethnography to research foster care and adoption by lesbians and gay men, drawing on the work of the feminist sociologist Dorothy E. Smith in order to demonstrate the investigation of social work institutional categories and the ‘relations of ruling’. Through an analysis of the ways in which ‘gender’ and the idea of the ‘gender role model’ is used within the assessment of gay and lesbian foster carers and adopters, the author shows how these categories are produced and used to police relationship forms and to identify ‘deviant instances’.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24624
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/articles/hicks
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2465
2017-03-27T07:05:30Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Implementing Swedish Models of Social Work in a Russian Context
Trygged, Sven
Eriksson, Bodil
Implementing
Swedish Models of Social Work
Russian Context
The economic and social changes taking place in Russia in recent decades have implied a restructuring of the Russian society. Among other things, Russian leaders have expressed a need for the reorientation of social development. In the 1990’s, cooperation was initiated on a number of social work and social welfare projects with international support, a process further speeded up during President Jeltsin’s state visit to Sweden in 1997. Discussions between the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the Russian authorities dealing with welfare issues started from the assumption that Russian professional social work was weak and needed to be strengthened. In the 1990's Sida was also given a stronger general mandate to work with other former Soviet countries in Eastern Europe, for example the Baltic States.
The Russian-Swedish discussions resulted in projects aiming to raise social work competencies in public authorities, managements and among social workers in Russia. One of the areas chosen for these projects was Saint Petersburg, where several projects aiming to develop new models for social work were launched. The point of departure has been to transfer and adjust Swedish models of social work to the Russian context. The Stockholm University Department of Social Work became responsible for a number of such projects and besides using academic teachers also involved a number of practitioners, such as social workers in disablement services and reformatory staff who could meet and match Russian authorities and partners.
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
2011-04-29
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24655
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/researchnotes/tryggederiksson
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2466
2017-03-27T07:05:30Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
The Challenges of Implementing Evidence Based Practice: Ethical Considerations in Practice, Education, Policy, and Research
Farley, Amanda J.
Feaster, Dennis
Schapmire, Tara J.
D’Ambrosio, Joseph G.
Bruce, LeAnn E.
Oak, C. Shawn
Sar, Bibhuti K.
Challenges
Implementing
Evidence Based Practice
Ethical Considerations
Practice
Education
Policy
Research
2009-12-31
2009-12-31
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-24668
http://www.socwork.net/2009/2/articles/farleyetal
Social Work & Society ; 7 , 2
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2693
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
The Increasing Importance of Administrative Practices in the Shaping of the Welfare State
Blomberg, Staffan
Dans cet article, nous analysons les changements de l' Etat-providence suédois a l' exemple des services municipaux de soins pour personnes agées. On montre qu'il est possible de tracer des processus de transformation à trois niveaux. Analysées comme phénomènes complèmentaires cela montre à quelle envergure les pratiques administratives sont devenues le lieu primordial de la mise en forme de l' Etat-providence. L'incorporation du managérialisme, comme mode prévalent de gouvernance et d'organisation de services et des politiques sociales mène a la conclusion qu'on devient temoin d'une transformation d' un regime (d Etat-providence) moral et politique à un regime administratif. Dans le dernier paragraphe, nous argumentons que cette transformation affaiblit la citoyenneté sociale et transfère les valeurs et principes de la politique sociale a la sphère administrative. Nous argumentons dès lors que cette perspective analytique a des implications plus larges pour la charactérization des “Welfare regimes” et pour l'analyse des différences transnationales.
本文以市政的为老社会照顾服务为例分析了瑞典福利国家发生的变化。研究表明,转型可以追溯为三个不同过程(层面)的变化。作为相互补充的现象,它们表明了行政管理实践为什么、以及如何在重塑福利国家的过程中成为占据主导的焦点。作为提供服务和规划社会政策的主导模式,对管理主义的吸纳得出的主要结论是,我们正在见证从道德的/政治的福利体制到行政管理的福利体制的转变。在结束部分,我们论述了这个改变弱化了社会公民身份,并将社会政策中的价值标准和原则转移到行政管理领域中去。我们进一步认为,这个焦点在描述和分析跨国间的差异,比如福利体制方面,具有一些更为广泛的作用。
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-26936
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/blomberg
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2694
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Going Beyond the Bounds of Possibility: Questioning the Delimitation of the Social in Social Work
Roose, Rudi
Coussée, Filip
Bradt, Lieve
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-26946
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/roosecousseebradt
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2695
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Re-Examining Relationships Between Experience, Knowledge, Ideas and Research: A Key Role for Recipients of State Welfare and Their Movements
Beresford, Peter
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-26956
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/beresford
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2696
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Positioning Social Work in a Socially Sensitive Society
van Ewijk, Hans
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-26969
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/vanewijk
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2699
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Historical Consciousness in Youth Work and Adult Education
Lorenz, Walter
Coussée, Filip
Verschelden, Griet
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-26993
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/lorenzcousseeverschelden
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2702
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Beyond the Pro and Contra of Evidence-Based Practice: Reflections on a Recurring Dilemma at the Core of Social Work
Nothdurfter, Urban
Lorenz, Walter
Currently, social work is witnessing a quite polarized debate about what should be the basis for good practice. Simply stated, the different attempts to define the required basis for effective and accountable interventions in social work practice can be grouped in two paradigmatic positions, which seem to be in strong opposition to each other. On the one hand the highly influential evidence based practice movement highlights the necessity to base practice interventions on proven effectiveness from empirical research. Despite some variations, such as between narrow conceptions of evidence based practice (see e.g. McNeece/Thyer, 2004) and broader approaches to it (see e.g. Gambrill, 1999, 2001, 2008), the evidence based practice movement embodies a positivist orientation and more explicitly scientific aspirations of social work by using positivistic empirical strategies. Critics of the evidence based practice movement argue that its narrow epistemological assumptions are not appropriate for the understanding of social phenomena and that evidence based guidelines to practice are insufficient to deal with the extremely complex activities social work practice requires in different and always somewhat unique practice situations (Webb, 2001; Gray & Mc Donald, 2006; Otto, Polutta &Ziegler, 2009). Furthermore critics of evidence based practice argue that it privileges an uncritical and a-political positivism which seems highly problematic in the current climate of welfare state reforms, in which the question ‘what works’ is highly politicized and the legitimacy of professional social work practice is being challenged maybe more than ever before (Kessl, 2009). Both opponents and proponents of evidence based practice argue on the epistemological, the methodological and the ethical level to sustain their point of view and raise fundamental questions about the real nature of social work practice, so that one could get the impression that social work is really at the crossroads between two very different conceptions of social work practice and its further professional development (Stepney, 2009). However, this article is not going to merely rehearse the pro and contra of different positions that are being invoked in the debate about evidence based practice. Instead it aims to go further by identifying the dilemmas underlying these positions which - so it is argued – re-emerge in the debate about evidence based practice, but which are older than this debate. They concern the fundamental ambivalence modern professionalization processes in social work were subjected to from their very beginnings.
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27027
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/nothdurfterlorenz
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2705
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
People with Disabilities and the Role of Social Workers in Lesotho
Chitereka, Christopher
Après Pachaka (2003: 109), l' assemblé générale des nations unies a ratifié le programme d' action mondiale concernant les personnes avec des handicaps dans leur 37ième session 1982. Le but de ce programme est de promouvoir des mesures de prévention des handicaps, de réhabilitation et la réalisation des buts de la participation intégrale des personnes handicapées dans la vie sociale et du développement de l' égalité. Ce programme a mis en valeur que ces concepts devraient s' appliquer avec la même ampleur et urgence a tous les pays, indépendamment de niveau de développement. Pendant cet ère, l' attention et la conscience publique a été directé envers la nécessité de munir les personnes handicapées avec les mêmes opportunités a disposition aux autres citoyens. De suite, la décennie des nations unies pour personnes handicapées (1983-1992) a été mise en place. Néanmoins, la situation des personnes avec handicaps ne s'est guère amélioré depuis lors et leur nombre est actuellement en croissance.
在整个世界,一些最脆弱的社会成员包括老人,孩子,妇女和残疾人 (PWDs)。由于社会上对残疾人的消极态度,他们经常面临严重的问题。根据“非洲十年”1(2005),全世界有6亿残障人口,其中,1,8亿是儿童,4亿居住在发展中国家,8000万居住在非洲。本文考察了莱索托的残疾人状况。研究发现,尽管莱索托在很多国际协议和条约上是签约国,比如《联合国人权宣言》、《联合国儿童权利公约》以及《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》等,但是在仍然没有关于保护残疾人的特别立法。这经常导致残疾人在他们生活的很多领域得不到充分对待的困境。本文洞察了莱索托的社会工作者在对待残疾人方面扮演的角色。
2010-11-06
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27057
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/chitereka
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2706
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Social Integration and New Realities in the Swedish Welfare Society
Montesino, Norma
consumption practices
migration
social integration
transnational practices
consumption strategies
This article argues that there is a discrepancy between the perception of social realities held by professionals of welfare (school teachers and social workers) in Sweden and the social realities of migrants, especially migrants depending on social assistance. The views held by professionals are rooted in an old model of social integration within the framework of the nation-state. This perception contrasts with the life conditions, expressed here in the consumption practices of migrant families who, in their daily life, are linked to both local and transnational places. Consumption is an “old question” that has been linked both to poverty and immigration. The article is focusing not on consumption as such; instead on consumption as an illustration of the mismatch existing between the professionals’ view and the migrants’ description of their own consumption. The analysis is based on a qualitative study including interviews with migrant families and welfare officers in a neighbourhood in Malmoe, a city in the South of Sweden with some 300,000 inhabitants, of which 29 % are born outside Sweden.
Cet article argumente qu’ il existe une divergence entre la perception des realités sociales des professionels des Services sociaux et éducatifs en suède et les réalités sociales des émigrés, particulierement ceux en dépendance de l ‘ assistance sociale. Les perceptions des professionels sont racinées dans un ancien model d’ integration sociale, lié fortement au cadre de l’ état nation. Cette perception contraste avec les conditions de vie, p.ex. les pratiques de consommation des familles d’ émigrés, qui, dans leur vie quotidienne, sont lies a des pratiques locales et transnationales. Cet article ne se concentre pas sur les pratiques de consommation en elles, mais les prend pour occasion d´illustrer la divergence entre la perception des professionels et et la description des émigrés. L’ analyse est basé sur une étude qualitative avec des familles d’émigrées et des professionels des services sociaux, mennée a Malmoe, une ville au Sud de la Suede avec 300.000 habitants, don’t 29 % sont nés a l’ étranger.
本文认为,在瑞典福利专业人士(学校教师和社会工作者)所持有的社会现实观念与移民、特别是依赖社会援助的移民的社会现实之间存在差异。专业人士的观念植根于民族国家框架中的旧的社会融入模式。这个观念与移民家庭的生活条件——这里主要指他们的消费实践——形成对比。在他们的日常生活中,移民家庭同时与当地和跨国的地方相联系。消费是一个“老问题”,它一直与贫困和移民相连。本文并不聚焦在这个层面的消费上;而是证明在消费上,专业人士的观念与移民对自身的消费描述之间并不相同。本文的分析建立在一个质性研究基础之上。该研究对马尔默某地区的移民家庭和福利官员进行了访谈。马尔默是瑞典南部一个拥有300,000左右居民的城市,其中有29%出生在瑞典以外。
2010-11-12
2010-11-04
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27063
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/montesino
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2720
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
From Charity to Welfare Rights? A Study of Social Care Practices
Maeseele, Thomas
2010-11-06
2010-11-06
2011-04-29
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27201
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/maeseele
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2721
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
The Paradox of Self-Determination for Marginalized Individuals
Green, Denise M.
2010-11-06
2010-11-06
2011-04-29
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27214
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/green
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2722
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Transnationalism
Köngeter, Stefan
2010-11-06
2010-11-06
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27221
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/koengeter
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2727
2017-03-27T07:05:35Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Influential Social Workers: A Preliminary Exploration of Social Work Faculty
Greif, Geoffrey L.
Chaiklin, Harris
Timlin, Stacy
social work profession
influential social workers
eminence
The profession of social work in the U.S. has been influenced and is being influenced by a wide-range of advocates, politicians, practitioners, and educators. This paper is a preliminary attempt to systematically examine who social work faculty consider influential in shaping the field. Identifying influential social workers is an important step in understanding the history of a profession, its current state, and its future trajectory.
La profession du travail social aux États-Unis a été et est toujours influencée par un large éventail de juristes, de politiciens, de praticiens et d’éducateurs. Ce papier est une tentative préliminaire qui vise à examiner de manière systématique quelles sont les facultés du travail social considérées comme influentes dans la constitution de ce domaine. Identifier les travailleurs sociaux influents est un pas important dans la compréhension de l’histoire de la profession, son état actuel et sa trajectoire future.
摘要
美国的社会工作专业一直受到来自大量的倡导者、政治家、从业者和教育工作者的影响。关于社会工作教师认为谁在塑造该领域上具有影响,本文进行了初步的系统研究。发现有影响力的社会工作者对于理解这个专业的历史、它的现状及其未来的发展轨迹是非常重要的一步。
2010-11-11
2010-11-10
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27271
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/greifchaiklintimlin
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2707
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Beyond the Margins: Analyzing Social Exclusion with a Homeless Client Dataset
Ramos, Javier
Varela, Albert
homeless
logistic model
social exclusion
A great share of literature on social exclusion has been based mainly on the analysis of official survey data. Whereas these efforts have provided insights into the characteristics and conditions of those people living at the margins of mainstream social relations, they have however failed to encompass those who live beyond these very margins.
Meanwhile, research on these hidden subpopulations, such as homeless and other vulnerable groups, remains generally less abundant and is significantly detached from the theoretical core of the debate on social exclusion. The concern about these shortcomings lies at the heart of our research. We seek to bring some light to the area by using data made available by an organization that provides services to people experiencing homelessness in Barcelona (Spain). The data sample contains clients in early stages of exclusion and others in chronic situations. Thus, we attempt to identify some of the variables that operate in preventing the "chronification" of those individuals in situation of social exclusion. Our findings suggest that certain variables such as educational level, income and housing type, which are considered to be central predictors in the analysis of poverty, behave differently when analyzing differences between stages of social exclusion. Although these results cannot be extrapolated to the whole Spanish or European reality, they could provide useful insight for future investigations on this topic.
Une grande part de la littérature qui porte sur l’exclusion sociale s’est principalement basée sur l’analyse de données issues d’enquêtes officielles. Bien que ces travaux aient offert un aperçu des caractéristiques et conditions de vie des personnes vivant en marge des relations sociales courantes, ils n’ont pas permis de prendre en considération les personnes vivant au-delà de ces marges. Parallèlement, la recherche portant sur ces sous-populations invisibles, telles que les sans-abris et autres groupes en situation de vulnérabilité, reste généralement peu abondante et détachée du cœur théorique du débat sur l’exclusion sociale. Le souci pour ces limitations est au centre de notre recherche. Nous comptons mettre en lumière ce champ d’investigation à l’aide de données récoltées par une organisation qui délivre des services aux personnes touchées par le sansabrisme à Barcelone (Espagne). L’échantillon de données comprend des usagers se trouvant à un stade précoce du processus d’exclusion ainsi que d’autres, connaissant des situations d’exclusion chroniques. Ainsi, notre but est d’identifier les variables qui interviennent dans la prévention de la chronicisation des situations d’exclusion sociale. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’impact de certaines variables, telles que le niveau d’instruction, le revenu et le type de logement, qui sont considérées comme des facteurs incontournables dans l’étude de la pauvreté, varie lorsque l’on analyse la différence entre les diverses étapes du processus d’exclusion sociale. Bien qu’on ne puisse infrer ces résultats à l’ensemble de l’Espagne ou de la réalité européenne, ils peuvent néanmoins amener des apports utiles pour de futures investigations sur le sujet.
Mots clefs : exclusion sociale, sans-abrisme, régression logistique
Nous aimerions remercier la Fondation Arrels de nous avoir donné accès aux données et d’avoir cru en la pertinence de cette étude à un stade où il ne s’agissait que d’un projet. Un remeciement tout spécial à Salvador Busquets, Ramon Noró et Charo Sillero pour leur contribution de par leur extraordinaire soutien humain et technique tout au long du processus de recherche. Nous aimerions également témoigner notre reconnaissance à l’égard de deux experts anonymes pour leurs précieux commentaires.
有关社会排斥的大量文献主要依据官方调查数据的分析。尽管这些成果洞察了处于主流社会关系边缘的人们的特征和状况,它们却没能涉及那些生活在边缘之外的人们。同时,有关这些隐藏的亚群体的研究,比如对于无家可归和其他脆弱群体的研究,总体上来说仍显不足,并且显著地远离有关社会排斥辩论的理论核心。对这些不足的关注是本研究的重点。我们通过使用巴塞罗那(西班牙)一家为无家可归人士提供服务的组织所提供的数据,致力于在该问题领域展开引领性的探索。数据样本包括处于早期排斥阶段的案主和其他处于长期排斥阶段的案主。我们试图发现一些有助于预防处于社会排斥状况的个体长期受排斥的变量。我们的发现表明,在分析不同社会排斥阶段之间的差异时,一些变量比如教育水平、收入和住房类型——它们在贫困分析中被看作是核心的指标——表现出差异。尽管这些发现不能被推断到整个西班牙或欧洲的现状,但是它们为将来有关该议题的进一步探索提供了有益的见解。
2010-11-17
2010-11-05
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27072
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/ramosvarela
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2713
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Children, Rights and Social Work: Rethinking Children’s Rights Education
Reynaert, Didier
Bouverne-De Bie, Maria
Vandevelde, Stijn
2010-11-05
2010-11-05
2011-04-29
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27136
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/reynaertbouvernedebievandevelde
Social Work & Society ; 2010 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2714
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
The Philanthropy Scale: a Sociological Perspective in Measuring New Forms of Pro Social Behaviour
Schuyt, Theo
Bekkers, Rene
Smit, Jan
giving in the Netherlands
philanthropic attitude
philanthropic goals
philanthropic measurement scale
philanthropic motivation
In wealthy countries, philanthropy is conspicuous back on stage. It appears in new forms, worldwide. As a result, scholarly attention for philanthropy is growing. Philanthropic goals refer to persons, groups and communities who, in most cases, are not personally known to the giver. In research, however, philanthropic motivations of individuals are usually measured by socio-psychological scales which presuppose direct interactions. Measuring philanthropy could therefore be improved by incorporating a sociological frame of reference as well. As a starting point, this article presents a preliminary version of the philanthropy scale that has been tested in the panel survey of the Giving in the Netherlands (GIN) study. The results are discussed in terms of shortcomings and challenges for further research.
Dans les pays riches, la philantrophie est remarquablement de retour. Elle apparait dans des nouvelles formes a travers le monde. De suite, l’ attention scientifique pour la philantrophie est croissante. Les objectifs philatrophiques peuvent se referrer a des personnes, groupes ou communautés qui, dans la plupart des cas ne sont pas connus personellement par les donateurs. Tout-de-meme, dans la recherche les motivations philantrophiques individuelles sont en general mesurées par des échelles des psychologie sociale qui presupposent des interactions directes. Mesurer la philantrophie pourrait donc étre amélioré en incorporant und cadre de référence sociologique. Comme point de depart, cet article présente une version préliminaire d’ une échelle philantrophique qui a été testé dans l’ enquéte “Giving in the Netherlands”. Les resultats sont discutées en matière des points faibles et des defis pour des recherches futures.
摘要
在福利国家,慈善引人注目地回到了舞台。它在世界范围内表现出新的形式。因此,学术界对慈善的关注也在不断增加。慈善的目标涉及到人、群体和社区,他们在大多数情况下并不为捐助者本人所知。然而,在研究中,个人的慈善动机通常通过社会-心理量表来测量,这些量表对直接的互动做出预设。测量慈善因此也可以通过吸收社会学的参考框架得到提高。作为一个开始,本文提供了慈善量表的一个初步版本,该量表已经在“荷兰的捐助”(GIN)研究项目的典型对象调查中得到了测试。研究结果显示了存在的不足,并为进一步研究提出了挑战。
2010-11-17
2010-11-05
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27140
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/schuytbekkerssmit
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2715
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Social Work and Society - PhD-Forum
Schnurr, Stefan
2010-11-05
2010-11-05
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27153
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/schnurr
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2716
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Decision-Making and Ethical Dilemmas of Child and Family Social Workers
Bertotti, Teresa
2010-11-05
2010-11-05
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27168
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/bertotti
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2717
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Reflexivity and Alienation in Transition: The Moral Regulation of Life Conduct in 'Competence agencies'
Düker, Jan
2010-11-05
2010-11-05
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27176
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/dueker
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2718
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Social Work Practice and Hegemony in the German School to Work Transition System
Humme, Mark
2010-11-05
2010-11-05
2011-04-29
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27184
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/humme
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2719
2017-03-27T07:05:36Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Gender Violence and Crisis Centres for Women in Russia
Jäppinen, Maija
2010-11-06
2010-11-06
2011-04-29
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-27194
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/jaeppinen
Social Work & Society ; 8 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2912
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Social Service Professions Towards Cross-European Standardisation of Qualifications
Matthies, Aila-Leena
2011-03-24
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29126
http://www.socwork.net/2010/matthies
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2913
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
The Role of Social Work in National Development
Rwomire, Apollo
The approach in this paper will be to define social work and national development first and then try to establish the relationship between the two. The various categories of social work and their presumed influence on the various aspects of development will then be discussed. Thereafter, the discussion will be directed to the overall effects of the process of social work, in its totality, on national development.
Das Anliegen dieses Artikels ist es, zunächst Soziale Arbeit und nationale Entwicklung zu definieren, um dann zu versuchen, eine Beziehung zwischen diesen beiden herzustellen. Es werden unterschiedliche Formen Sozialer Arbeit und deren Einflüsse diskutiert, die für diverse Aspekte von Entwicklung angenommen werden. Daran anschließend wird die Diskussion auf die allgemeinen Effekte gelenkt, die Prozesse Sozialer Arbeit als Ganzes auf die nationale Entwicklung haben.
В статье определяются понятия социальной работы и национального развития и устанавливается связь между ними, обсуждаются различные категории социальной работы и их предполагаемое влияние на многосторонние аспекты развития. Дискуссия затрагивает общие эффекты от социальной работы, в том числе, на национальное развитие.
本文首先对社会工作和国家发展的概念做出了界定,并尝试建立二者之间的关系。之后,文章探讨了社会工作的不同类别以及它们在发展的各个方面可能会产生的影响。在此基础上,文章讨论了社会工作过程总体上在国家发展中的作用。
2011-03-20
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29132
http://www.socwork.net/2010/rwomire
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2915
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Child Poverty. A Critical Perspective.
Mestrum, Francine
2011-03-20
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29157
http://www.socwork.net/2010/1/mestrum
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2919
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Childrens Participation and Citizenship in a Global Age. Empowerment, Tokenism or Discriminatory Disciplining?
Warming, Hanne
Children
citizenship
identity
participation
power state
This article explores children’s participation and citizenship, taking its point of departure in the empirical observation of a paradox: On the hand there is a general participatory climate and a growing commitment to empowerment of children, and on the other hand some children’s experience of discrimination, disciplining and distrust. The analysis is structured into three main parts: 1) Participation, approached from Hart’s Ladder of Participation and Bourdieu’s theorizing of power dynamics; 2) Rights, using Marshall’s tripartite conceptualization, namely civil rights, political rights and social rights, supplemented by a discussion of the right to care and cultural rights; and 3) Identity, theorized using Delanty’s conceptualization of citizenship as a learning process
The article concludes that children’s citizenship, and the initiatives that are accounted for as facilitating their well being and participation though social work, too often tend towards tokenism if not discriminatory disciplining and exclusion, rather than empowerment, due to political, organisational and discursively shaped power relations.
Dieser Artikel untersucht die Partizipation und die Staatsbürgerschaft von Kindern. Der Ausgangspunkt des Artikels ist die empirische Beobachtung eines Paradoxes: Auf der einen Seite gibt es ein grundlegend partizipatorisches Klima und wachsendes Engagement für das Empowerment von Kindern. Auf der anderen Seite erfahren manche Kinder Diskriminierung, Disziplinierung und Misstrauen. Die Analyse ist in drei Hauptpunkte untergliedert: 1) Partizipation entlang des Ansatzes der Partizipationsleiter von Hart und Bourdieus Theoretisierungen von Machtdynamiken; 2) Rechte, auf Basis von Marshalls dreigliedriger Rechtskonzeptionalisierung, die zivile Rechte, politische Rechte und soziale Rechte umfasst und ergänzt wird durch die Diskussion um das Recht auf Fürsorge (care) und kulturelle Rechte; und 3.) Identität, theoretisiert anhand von Delanty’s Konzeptionalisierung von Staatsbürgerschaft als Lernprozess.
Das Fazit des Artikels ist es, dass die Staatsbürgerschaft von Kindern und die Initiativen, die für die Ermöglichung ihres Wohlergehens und ihrer Partizipation mittels Sozialer Arbeit zuständig sind, zu oft zu Scheinpartizipation, wenn nicht sogar zu diskriminierender Disziplinierung und Exklusion anstelle von Empowerment tendieren. Dies ist bedingt durch politische, organisationsförmige und diskursive Machtverhältnisse.
Отправной точкой для анализа гражданства и участия детей служит следующее противоречие: с одной стороны, в обществе созданы условия для сотрудничества и расширения прав и возможностей детей, с другой стороны, есть примеры детской дискриминации, наказания и недоверия. Анализ основывается на трех понятиях: 1) Участие, построенное по Лестнице Участия Харта и теории власти Бурдье; 2) Права, представленные на основе прав гражданства Маршалла: гражданск���������, политические и социальные права, дополняемые дискуссией о праве на заботу и культурными правами; 3) Идентич����ость, п��н��тие, построенное на представлении о гражданстве Деланти как обучающем процессе.
Считается, что гражданство детей и их инициативы способствуют их благосостоянию. Тем не менее чаще всего из-за политических, организационных, властных отношений происходят лишь символические мероприятия, а в некоторых случаях применяются меры наказания или исключения, вместо расширения прав и возможностей детей.
本文探讨了儿童的参与和公民权,出发点来自于经验观察到的一个悖论:一方面,我们有一个普遍的儿童参与的氛围,对儿童赋权的承诺也在不断增长,而另一个方面,依然还有一些孩子在经受歧视、规制和不信任。文章从三个部分进行了分析:1)参与,主要依据哈特(Hart)的参与层次和布迪厄(Bourdieu)的权利动力理论;2)权利,主要使用了马歇尔(Marshall)提出的权利的三个部分,即,公民权利、政治权利和社会权利,并辅之以得到照顾的权利和文化权利;3)认同,使用了德兰狄(Delanty)的概念,即公民身份作为一个学习过程。文章的结论认为,由于政治的、组织的和东拉西扯的权力关系,儿童的公民权、以及那些通过社会工作用来提升儿童的幸福和参与的首创,如果不是歧视性的规制和排斥的话,经常也会倾向于做做样子,而不是真正的赋权。
2011-03-21
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29197
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/warming
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2920
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Pitsa (Kalliopi) Poumboura (1916-2006)
Caloutsis, Aspasia
2011-03-21
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29201
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/caloutsis
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2922
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Editorial Special Issue: Practice Research
Evans, Tony
2011-03-21
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29229
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/evans
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2923
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
The Salisbury Statement
Salisbury Forum Group, The
2011-03-21
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29231
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/salisbury
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2924
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Why Do We Think Practice Research is a Good Idea? Comments and Musings Inspired by the Salisbury Statement
Witkin, Stanley L.
evidence-based practice
practice-research
social work research
In this paper I raise some questions about current understandings of practice research and whether they are worth pursuing. In particular, the notion of a gap between practice and research is examined in terms of how it constricts thinking about this issue. I also attempt to explicate some of the less examined assumptions associated with practice research. Finally, I suggest that we embrace multiplicity, not by trying to accommodate all views under the practice research umbrella, but by accepting that there will be many versions of practice research that will have differential appeal.
Dans ce papier, j’interroge les conceptions contemporaines de la recherche appliquée pour voir s’il vaut la peine de poursuivre dans cette direction. Plus spécifiquement, j’analyse l’idée de clivage entre pratique et recherche comme une entrave qui empêche de mener ces questionnements. Je tente aussi de mettre en lumière quelques présuppositions associées à la recherche appliquée et qui ne sont généralement pas questionnées. Finalement, je suggère d`opter pour une approche multiple, sans essayer de rassembler toutes les perspectives sous une conception unique de la recherche appliquée mais en acceptant qu’il existe une multitude d’interprétations de la recherche appliquée, représentant chacune différents intérêts.
在本篇论文中,我提出了几个针对当前有关实务研究的理解以及它们是否值得探讨的问题。我特别就实务与研究之间的差距如何限制了实务研究的议题这个方面考察了有关实务与研究之间差距的观念。对于一些与实务研究相关但目前仍缺少验证的假设,我也试图进行了说明。最后,我建议我们能够接纳多样性,这并非试图在实务研究这把保护伞下容纳所有的观点,而是能够接受会有很多不同诉求的实务研究。
In diesem Artikel werfe ich einige Fragen zu gegenwärtigen Auffassungen von anwendungsbezogener Forschung auf und prüfe, ob diese es wert sind, ihnen nachzugehen. Besonders die Idee einer Kluft zwischen Praxis und Forschung wird daraufhin untersucht, wie sie das Nachdenken über diese Thematik verengt. Ich versuche ebenfalls einige der weniger untersuchten Annahmen im Zusammenhang mit praxisbezogener Forschung zu erklären. Schließlich schlage ich vor, dass wir uns auf Vielfalt beziehen , nicht indem versucht wird, alle Perspektiven unter dem Begriffsdach der praxisbezogenen Forschung unterzubringen, sondern durch das Akzeptieren, dass es viele Versionen von praxisbezogener Forschung geben wird, die verschiedene Vorzüge haben werden.
2011-03-22
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29248
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/witkin
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2925
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Partnership in Practice Research: a Norwegian Experience
Fook, Jan
Johannessen, A.
Psoinos, M.
practice-research
partnership
user involvement
collaboration
This article outlines some of the issues involved in developing partnerships between service users, practitioners and researchers. It discusses these through some experience in Oslo as part of a national level agreement (HUSK) to improve social services in Norway through research and knowledge development.
It begins with a review of the main concepts and debates involved in developing collaborative partnerships for practice-based research, particularly in the social services arena. The HUSK program is then described. The article then traces some specific developments and challenges in negotiating partnership relations as discussed by program participants (users, practitioners and researchers) in a series of workshops designed to elicit the issues directly from their experience.
Cet article décrit quelques questionnements associés au développement des partenariats entre usagers de services, professionnels de terrain et chercheurs. Ces enjeux sont discutés à travers quelques expériences menées à Oslo dans le cadre d’une convention nationale (HUSK) visant à améliorer les services sociaux en Norvège par le biais de la recherche et du développement de connaissances.
Dans un premier temps, cette contribution propose un compte-rendu des concepts et débats clefs impliqués dans le développement de partenariats pour une recherche basée sur la pratique, spécifiquement dans le domaine des services sociaux. Dans un deuxième temps, l’article propose une description du programme HUSK. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, sont présentés quelques développements et défis propres à la négociation des relations partenariales telle qu’ils ont été discutés par les participants au programme (usagers, praticiens et chercheurs) dans le cadre d’une série d’ateliers conçus pour évoquer ces interrogations à partir de leurs propres expériences.
本文概述了在服务使用者、实务工作者和研究者之间发展合作关系的一些相关议题。就此,本文主要介绍了奥斯陆的一些经验,这是一个国家层面的协定(HUSK)的一部分,它旨在通过研究和知识发展来提高挪威的社会服务。
文章开始综述了特别是在社会服务领域中发展合作性的伙伴关系、以此来开展实务为本研究的相关主要概念和争论,然后对HUSK项目进行了描述。文章还追踪了在协商伙伴关系方面取得的一些具体进展和存在的挑战。对此,该项目的参与者(服务使用者、实务工作者和研究者)在一系列旨在分享相关经验的工作坊上进行了探讨。
Dieser Artikel stellt einige der Themen dar, die bei der Entwicklung der Partnerschaften zwischen DienstleistungsempfängerInnen, PraktikerInnen und ForscherInnen beteiligt sind. Dies wird anhand einiger Erfahrungen aus Oslo diskutiert, die Teil eines nationalen Abkommens (HUSK) sind, das die Sozialen Dienste in Norwegen durch die Weiterentwicklung von Forschung und Fachwissen verbessern soll.
Es wird mit einem Überblick über die wesentlichen Konzepte und Debatten begonnen, die bei der Entwicklung gemeinschaftlicher Partnerschaften für praxisbezogene Forschung, speziell im Bereich der Sozialen Dienstleistungen, eine Rolle spielen. Anschließend wird das HUSK-Programm dargestellt. Der Artikel wird dann einige spezifische Entwicklungen und Herausforderungen der Aushandlung von partnerschaftlichen Beziehungen nachzeichnen, wie sie von ProgrammteilnehmerInnen (NutzerInnen, PraktikerInnen und ForscherInnen) in Workshops diskutiert wurden. Diese Workshops waren eigens dafür entworfen worden, um diese Themen direkt aus ihren Erfahrungen zu eruieren.
2011-03-22
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29253
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/fookjohannessenpsoinos
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2926
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
What is Practice Research in Social Work - Definitions, Barriers and Possibilities
Uggerhøj, Lars
practice-research
Practitioner research
Different practice research stakeholders
Mode 2 research
Science of the concrete
Practice is subject to increasing pressure to demonstrate its ability to achieve outcomes required by public policy makers. As part of this process social work practice has to engage with issues around advancing knowledge-based learning processes in a close collaboration with education and research based perspectives. This has given rise to approaches seeking to combine research methodology, field research and practical experience. Practice research is connected to both “the science of the concrete” – a field of research oriented towards subjects more than objects and “mode 2 knowledge production” – an application-oriented research where frameworks and findings are discussed by a number of partners. Practice research is defined into two approaches: practice research – collaboration between practice and research – and practitioner research – processes controlled and accomplished by practitioners. The basic stakeholders in practice research are social workers, service users, administrators, management, organisations, politicians and researchers. Accordingly, practice research is necessarily collaborative, involving a meeting point for different views, interests and needs, where complexity and dilemmas are inherent. Instead of attempting to balance or reconcile these differences, it is important to respect the differences if collaboration is to be established. The strength of both practice and research in practice research is to address these difficult challenges. The danger for both fields is to avoid and reject them.
La pratique professionnelle est soumise à une pression croissante consistant à démontrer sa capacité à atteindre les résultats exigés par les décideurs politiques. Etant une composante de ce processus, le travail social doit s`engager autour des questions portant sur l`apprentissage sur la base d`une démarche fondée en une éducation orientée vers la recherche fondamentale. Ceci a donné lieu à des approches visant à combiner méthodologie, recherche de terrain et expérience pratique. La recherche appliquée est liée également a la science du concret – un champ de recherche orienté d`avantage vers les “sujets” que les “objets” et le
deuxième mode de production de savoirs – une recherche empirique dans laquelle le cadre et les résultats sont discutés avec un certain nombre de partenaires. La recherche empirique se distingue par deux approches: la recherche sur la pratique « practice research » – la collaboration, dune part entre recherche et pratique et d`autre part, par les praticiens « practitioner research », il s`agit dùn processus maitrisé contrôlées et mené par les praticiens. Les parties prenantes du dernier sont des travailleurs sociaux, des usagers, personnel administratif, organisations et politiciens. En conséquence la recherche sur la pratique est forcément collaborative, impliquant un point de rencontre entre différentes perspectives, intérêts et besoins. Plutôt que de balancer ou d`équilibrer ces différences, il est important de les respecter pour établir des coopérations durables.
实务领域为了证明有能力达到公共政策制定者要求的结果正面临着越来越大的压力。在这个过程中,社会工作实务������������关注围绕促进知识为本学习过程的议题,与教育和研究紧密合作。这引起了实务工作者将研究方法论、田野研究和实务经验结合起来的探索。实务研究与“具体科学”——一个更多以主体而非客体为���向的研究����——和“知识生产模式2”——一种由若干合作者讨论框架和发现的应用导向的研究——都有联系。实务研究的定义有两种方案:一种是指实务和研究之间合作的实务研究,另外一种是指实务工作者的研究,即由实务工作者控制和完成研究过程。实务研究的基本参与者包括社会工作者、服务使用者、行政人员、管理部门、组织、政治家和研究人员。因此,实务研究必须是合作性的,在固有的复杂性和两难困境存在的同时,不同观点、兴趣和需要能够找到结合点。如果要建立合作,尊重这些差异非常重要,而不是试图平衡或调和这些差异。实务研究中实务和研究的优势就是要解决这些困难的挑战。如果试图避免或拒绝承认这些难题,对于两个领域都是危险的。
Praxis steht zunehmend unter dem Druck öffentlicher politischer EntscheidungsträgerInnen um diesen die geforderte Leistungsfähigkeit und Wirkungen nachweisen zu können.
Als Teil dieses Prozesses muss innerhalb der Praxis Sozialer Arbeit auf Themen rund um fortschreitende wissensbasierte Lernprozesse in enger Zusammenarbeit mit forschungsbasierten Perspektiven eingegangen werden.
Daraus entstanden Ansätze zur Verbindung von Forschungsmethodologie, Feldforschung und Praxiserfahrung.
Praxisforschung ist einerseits mit der “konkreten Wissenschaft” verbunden -eine Forschung die sich mehr an Subjekten orientiert als an Objekten- und andererseits verbunden mit der „Mode2-Wissensproduktion“ - einer anwendungsorientierten Forschung bei der Rahmenbedingungen und Resultate mit unterschiedlichen PartnerInnen diskutiert werden.
Praxisforschung ist in zwei Ansätzen definiert: Praxisforschung -Zusammenarbeit zwischen Praxis und Forschung- und Praktizierenden-Forschung -prozessgesteuert und ausgeführt durch Praktizierende.
Die wesentlichen Interessensgruppen in Praxisforschung sind SozialarbeitInnen, NutzerInnen, Verwaltungs- und Führungspersonal, Organisationen, PolitikerInnen und WissenschaftlerInnen.
Dementsprechend ist Praxisforschung notwendigerweise kollaborativ wo Komplexität und Dilemmata inhärent sind und ist bemüht Schnittpunkte unterschiedlicher Sichtweisen, Interessen und Bedürfnisse einzubeziehen. Anstatt den Versuch zu unternehmen Unterschiede auszugleichen und versöhnend einzuwirken, ist es hierbei wichtig Unterschiede zu respektieren, wenn Zusammenarbeit aufgebaut werden soll. Die Stärke beider Ansätze, Praxisforschung und Praktizierenden-Forschung, ist es diese schwierigen Herausforderungen aufzuzeigen. Eine Gefahr wäre es diese auszublenden oder abzuweisen.
2011-03-22
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29269
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/uggerhoj
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2928
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Knowledge-Production Processes in Practice Research - Outcomes and Critical Elements
Julkunen, Ilse
Practice
practice research
knowledge production
learning community
The welfare sector has seen considerable changes in its operational context. Welfare services respond to an increasing number of challenges as citizens are confronted with life’s uncertainties and a variety of complex situations. At the same time the service-delivery system is facing problems of co-operation and the development of staff competence, as well as demands to improve service effectiveness and outcomes. In order to ensure optimal user outcomes in this complex, evolving environment it is necessary to enhance professional knowledge and skills, and to increase efforts to develop the services. Changes are also evident in the new emergent knowledge-production models. There has been a shift from knowledge acquisition and transmission to its construction and production. New actors have stepped in and the roles of researchers are subject to critical discussion. Research outcomes, in other words the usefulness of research with respect to practice development, is a topical agenda item. Research is needed, but if it is to be useful it needs to be not only credible but also useful in action.
What do we know about different research processes in practice? What conceptions, approaches, methods and actor roles are embedded? What is the effect on practice? How does ‘here and now’ practice challenge research methods? This article is based on the research processes conducted in the institutes of practice research in social work in Finland. It analyses the different approaches applied by elucidating the theoretical standpoints and the critical elements embedded in them, and reflects on the outcomes in and for practice. It highlights the level of change and progression in practice research, arguing for diverse practice research models with a solid theoretical grounding, rigorous research processes, and a supportive infrastructure.
Le secteur de l` intervention sociale a subi des changements considérables surtout dans son contexte opérationnel. Les Services sociaux répondent à un nombre croissant de défis résultants d`une clientèle confrontée davantage avec l `insécurité et d`une variété de situations complexes. De même, les systèmes de prestation de services se trouve confronté à des problèmes de coopération interinstitutionnelle et de formation de compétences du personnel comme pour les demandes d`amélioration de l`éfficacité des services fournis. Afin d`assurer des résultats optimaux dans cet environnement complexe et changeant, il est nécessaire de mettre en valeur les savoirs et les compétences professionnelles. Des changements sont manifestes également dans les nouveaux modes de production des savoirs. Il y a eu un passage du modèle d`acquisition et de transmission des savoirs à un modèle de construction et de production. Des nouveaux acteurs ont émergé et le rôle des chercheurs est mis en question. Les résultats de recherché par rapport à la pratique professionnelle sont remis a l`ordre du jour.
Que savons-nous de la mise en pratique des différentes démarches de recherche? Quelles conceptions, approches, méthodes et rôles d`acteurs impliquée? Quel est l`impact sur la pratique? Comment des pratiques professionnelles “in actu” questionnent-ils les méthodes de recherche? Cet article est basé sur des recherches menées dans des “institutes of practice research” en Travail social en Finlande. Il analyse les différentes approches appliquées en élucidant les positions théorétiques et les éléments critiques implicites, et reflète les résultats pour la pratique professionnelle. Il met en évidence les changements et les progrès dans les recherches appliquées, Plaidant pour une diversité de modèles avec un fondement théorétique solide, ainsi qu`un processus de recherche rigoureux et l`appui des infrastructures nécessaires.
福利部门已经看到其应用情境中发生的相当大的变化。由于公民正在面对生活中的不确定性和各种各样的复杂状况,福利服务需要对与日俱增的挑战做出应对。同时,服务-提供系统也正面临着合作的问题、人员能力发展问题以及提高服务效能和成果的需要。为了在这个复杂的、不断发展的情境中确保服务使用者获得最佳的结果,加强专业知识和技能、进一步提升服务成为必然。
在新出现的知识生产模式中,变化也是非常明显的。知识的获取与传播已经转换到知识的建构和生产。新的角色已经进入,而研究者的角色正在接受批判性的讨论。研究成果,或者换言之,有关实务发展的研究的有用性已经成为当前议事日程的项目。研究是必要的,但是它要成为有用的研究,则不仅必须是可信的而且要在行动中有效。
有关实务中的各种研究过程我们了解什么呢?其中有哪些概念、取向、方法和角色?它们对于实务有什么影响?“此时此地”的实务对研究方法提出了怎样的挑战?本文以芬兰社会工作的实务研究机构开展的研究过程为基础,分析了用于阐明理论观点及植根于其中的关键要素的各种方法,并反思了实务中以及服务于实务的成果。本文强调了实务研究中的变化和发展的水平,赞成建立多样的实务研究模式,而这些模式要有坚实的理论基础、严格的研究过程以及支持性的基础设施。
Der Wohlfahrtssektor hat bemerkenswerte Veränderungen hinsichtlich seines Funktionskontextes durchlaufen. Wohlfahrtsdienste reagieren auf eine steigende Anzahl von Herausforderungen, da BürgerInnen Lebensunsicherheiten und eine Vielzahl komplexer Situationen zu bewältigen haben. Zugleich ist das Dienstleistungssystem mit Problemen der Kooperation und der Kompetenzentwicklung der MitarbeiterInnen konfrontiert, sowie mit den Ansprüchen der Steigerung von Leistungseffektivität und Ergebnissen. Um in dieser komplexen und sich kontinuierlich entwickelnden Umwelt optimale Ergebnisse für die NutzerInnen zu erzielen ist es notwendig professionelles Wissen und entsprechende Fähigkeiten zu fördern und Bemühungen hinsichtlich der Entwicklung von Dienstleitungen voran zu treiben.
Auch in den neuen Modellen der Wissensproduktion ist ein Wandel evident, der eine Verlagerung weg von einer Wissensaneignung und einem Wissenstransfer hin zu einer Konstruktion und Produktion von Wissen beinhaltet. Während die Rolle der WissenschaftlerInnen Gegenstand kritischer Diskussionen sind, treten neue AkteurInnen ins Feld. Forschungsergebnisse oder in anderen Worten die Nützlichkeit von Forschung für die Entwicklung von Praxis ist ein aktueller Punkt auf der Agenda. Forschung wird gebraucht, aber um Nutzen zu erbringen muss sie nicht lediglich glaubwürdig, sondern darüber hinaus auch handlungsrelevant sein.
Was wissen wir über verschiedene Forschungsprozesse in der Praxis? Welche Konzepte, Ansätze, Methoden und Rollen der AkteurInnen sind dort anzutreffen? Dieser Artikel basiert auf Forschungen, die am finnischen Institut für Praxisforschung in der sozialen Arbeit durchgeführt werden. Es werden unterschiedliche Ansätze analysiert, indem implizite theoretische Standpunkte und kritische Elemente erläutert und Ergebnisse innerhalb von und für die Praxis reflektiert werden. Das Ausmaß des Wandels und des Fortschritts in der Praxisforschung wird beleuchtet und zugleich für ein facettenreiches Modell von Praxisforschung argumentiert, das auf einem soliden theoretischen Fundament fußt, spürbare Forschungsprozesse und eine unterstützenden Infrastruktur beinhaltet.
2011-03-22
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29288
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/julkunen
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2930
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Practice Literate Research: Turning the Tables
Fisher, Mike
Researchers complain how difficult it is to get practitioners and policymakers to use research. In contrast, this paper looks at the issues from the perspective of practice, and argues that it is the researcher’s job to become more practice-literate, so that research begins with practice concerns and develops practice-based solutions.
The paper explores the relationship between research and practice and suggests that research has insufficiently engaged with the nature of practice and practice knowledge.
Using the Salisbury Statement on practice research (Salisbury Statement 2010) the paper offers a definition of practice research and analyses what would be required for an agenda for practice research. Finally the paper proposes five functions for practice research.
Les chercheurs se plaignent généralement de la difficulté à intéresser praticiens et politiciens à leurs recherches. À l’opposé, cet article part du point de vue de la pratique et soutient qu`il est du devoir des chercheurs d’embrasser plus largement la perspective des praticiens, de manière à ce que la recherche appliquée permette le développement de solutions basées sur la pratique. Ce papier explore donc la relation entre recherche et pratique et suggère que jusqu`à présent, la recherche s’est insuffisamment intéressée à la nature du travail de terrain et aux savoir-faire pratiques. En se référant à la déclaration Salisbury sur la recherche appliquée, ce papier propose une définition de la recherche appliquée et analyse les préconditions nécessaires pour la constitution d’un véritable agenda de la recherche appliquée. Finalement, ce papier propose cinq fonctions propres à la recherche appliquée.
研究人员常抱怨让实务工作者和政策制定者运用研究是一件多么困难的事。与之相比,本文从实务的视角来看待这些问题,认为研究者有责任提升实务素养,从而让研究始于对实务的关注,并发展出以实务为基础的解决方案。本文探讨了研究与实务之间的关系,认为研究与实务的本质以及实务知识的结合一直不够充分。在使用Salisbury有关实务研究的声明(Salisbury声明,2010)基础上,本文提出了一个实务研究的概念,并分析了制定实务研究日程需要考虑的要求。文章最后提出了实务研究的五项功能。
Исследователи жалуются на то, как сложно заставить практикующих специалистов и политиков применять исследования. Вопреки этому, данная работа обращается к этому вопросу с точки зрения практики и показывает, что это задача именно исследователя стать более грамотным в практике так, чтобы исследование начиналось с практических интересов и развивало основанные на практике решения.
Эта работа исследует отношения между исследованием и практикой и выдвигает предположение, что исследование в недостаточной степени взаимосвязано с природой практики и знаниями о практике.
Используя Солсберийское поло������ние о пр�������������������ико-ориентированном исследовании (Salisbury Statement 2010), данная работа предлагает определение практико-ориентированного исследования и анализирует, что может быть востребовано в рамках данного исследования. В заключение, статья предлагает пять функций практико-ориентированного исследования.
Forscher beklagen sich, wie schwierig es ist, Praktiker und Politiker dazu zu bringen, Forschungsergebnisse zu nutzen. In diesem Artikel hingegen wird eine Praxisperspektive eingenommen und argumentiert, dass es die Aufgabe des Forschers ist, praxisversierter zu werden, so dass Forschung mit praxisbezogenen Anliegen beginnt und praxis-basierte Lösungen entwickelt.
Der Artikel untersucht die Beziehung zwischen Forschung und Praxis und behauptet dass sich Forschung unzureichend mit der Natur der Praxis und Praxiswissen auseinandergesetzt hat.
Mit Bezugnahme auf das Salisbury Statement on practice research (Saliabury Statement 2010) bietet dieser Artikel eine Definition von praxisbezogener Forschung und analysiert die Voraussetzungen einer Agenda praxisbezogener Forschung. Schließlich werden fünf Funktionen praxisbezogener Forschung vorgeschlagen.
2011-03-23
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29308
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/fischer
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2935
2017-03-27T07:05:40Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
Collaborating or Colluding: A Practice Research Project with Ex-Offenders and their Families in Singapore
Sim, Timothy
Working with the family members of ex-offenders is a daunting and newly developing aspect of offender rehabilitation in Singapore. A small scale practice research project was carried out by three social work practitioners and two academics over a period of 22 months, with the aim to explore the pertinent issues and challenges in working with family members of ex-offenders. Systematic documentation of the process of working with three cases was carried out. Specific skills and strategies were suggested, and recommendations for changes to service delivery and policy for working with ex-offenders and family members were made to the authorities. This article highlights the enriching journey of collaboration between the academics and practitioners.
Travailler avec des membres de familles d`anciens détenus est un aspect du travail de rehabilitation tout récent à Singapur. Un projet de recherche a petite échelle a été effectué par trois professionels et deux chercheurs sur une periode de 22 mois, avec le but d`explorer les questions pertinentes et les défis dans le travail avec les familles d`anciens détenus. La documentation systematique de l`accompagnement de trois cas a été conduite afin de pouvoir suggérer des strategies et des recommondations spécifiques à la reforme des prestations de service et des politiques ciblant les anciens détenus. Cet article décrit le parcours enrichissant de collaborations entre chercheurs et practiciens.
在新加坡,针对前罪犯的家庭成员开展工作是一个新近发展的、也让人畏缩的帮助罪犯改过自新的项目。三名实务社会工作者和两个学术研究者历经22个月展开了一个小规模的实务研究项目,旨在探索有关开展前罪犯家庭成员工作的相关议题和存在的挑战。研究系统地记录了三个案例工作的过程,建议了具体的技巧和策略,并针对服务提供和开展前罪犯及其家庭成员工作的政策提出了改进的建议。本文强调,在学者与实务工作者之间的合作是一个不断丰富的旅程。
Работа с членами семьей бывших преступников это хоть и обескураживающий, но в то же время и развивающийся подход реабилитации преступников в Сингапуре. Небольшой шкальный исследовательский практико-ориентированный проект проводился тремя социальными работниками и двумя научными сотрудниками в течение 22 месяцев с целью изучить вопросы и вызовы в работе с семьями бывших преступников. Была проведена систематическая документация процесса работы с тремя случаями. Были выработаны специфические навыки и стратегии, а рекомендации для изменения предоставления услуг и политики в отношении бывших преступников и членов их семей были предложены властям. Эта статья подчёркивает обогащающий путь сотрудничества между академиками и пр����тиками.
Die Arbeit mit Familienmitgliedern von ehemaligen Straffälligen ist eine beängstigende und neue Entwicklung in der Rehabilitation von Straffälligen in Singapur. Ein kleinformatiges Praxisforschungsprojekt wurde von drei SozialarbeiterInnen und zwei AkademikerInnen über einen Zeitraum von 22 Monaten durchgeführt. Das Projekt hatte zum Ziel, die relevanten Themen und Herausforderungen in der Arbeit mit Familienmitgliedern von ehemaligen Straffälligen zu erforschen. Es wurde eine systematische Dokumentation des Prozesses der Arbeit mit drei Fällen erstellt. Besondere Fähigkeiten und Strategien wurden vorgeschlagen und Empfehlungen für die Veränderung von Serviceerbringung und Politik bezüglich der Arbeit mit ehemaligen Straffälligen und ihren Familienmitgliedern wurden gegenüber den Behörden geäußert. Dieser Artikel betont die Bereicherung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen PraktikerInnen und AkademikerInnen.
2011-03-24
2011-03-24
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29359
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/sim
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2984
2017-03-27T07:05:42Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Collaborating or Colluding: A Practice Research Project with Ex-Offenders and their Families in Singapore
Sim, Timothy
Working with the family members of ex-offenders is a daunting and newly developing aspect of offender rehabilitation in Singapore. A small scale practice research project was carried out by three social work practitioners and two academics over a period of 22 months, with the aim to explore the pertinent issues and challenges in working with family members of ex-offenders. Systematic documentation of the process of working with three cases was carried out. Specific skills and strategies were suggested, and recommendations for changes to service delivery and policy for working with ex-offenders and family members were made to the authorities. This article highlights the enriching journey of collaboration between the academics and practitioners.
Travailler avec des membres de familles d`anciens détenus est un aspect du travail de rehabilitation tout récent à Singapur. Un projet de recherche a petite échelle a été effectué par trois professionels et deux chercheurs sur une periode de 22 mois, avec le but d`explorer les questions pertinentes et les défis dans le travail avec les familles d`anciens détenus. La documentation systematique de l`accompagnement de trois cas a été conduite afin de pouvoir suggérer des strategies et des recommondations spécifiques à la reforme des prestations de service et des politiques ciblant les anciens détenus. Cet article décrit le parcours enrichissant de collaborations entre chercheurs et practiciens.
在新加坡,针对前罪犯的家庭成员开展工作是一个新近发展的、也让人畏缩的帮助罪犯改过自新的项目。三名实务社会工作者和两个学术研究者历经22个月展开了一个小规模的实务研究项目,旨在探索有关开展前罪犯家庭成员工作的相关议题和存在的挑战。研究系统地记录了三个案例工作的过程,建议了具体的技巧和策略,并针对服务提供和开展前罪犯及其家庭成员工作的政策提出了改进的建议。本文强调,在学者与实务工作者之间的合作是一个不断丰富的旅程。
Работа с членами семьей бывших преступников это хоть и обескураживающий, но в то же время и развивающийся подход реабилитации преступников в Сингапуре. Небольшой шкальный исследовательский практико-ориентированный проект проводился тремя социальными работниками и двумя научными сотрудниками в течение 22 месяцев с целью изучить вопросы и вызовы в работе с семьями бывших преступников. Была проведена систематическая документация процесса работы с тремя случаями. Были выработаны специфические навыки и стратегии, а рекомендации для изменения предоставления услуг и политики в отношении бывших преступников и членов их семей были предложены властям. Эта статья подчёркивает обогащающий путь сотрудничества между академиками и пр����тиками.
Die Arbeit mit Familienmitgliedern von ehemaligen Straffälligen ist eine beängstigende und neue Entwicklung in der Rehabilitation von Straffälligen in Singapur. Ein kleinformatiges Praxisforschungsprojekt wurde von drei SozialarbeiterInnen und zwei AkademikerInnen über einen Zeitraum von 22 Monaten durchgeführt. Das Projekt hatte zum Ziel, die relevanten Themen und Herausforderungen in der Arbeit mit Familienmitgliedern von ehemaligen Straffälligen zu erforschen. Es wurde eine systematische Dokumentation des Prozesses der Arbeit mit drei Fällen erstellt. Besondere Fähigkeiten und Strategien wurden vorgeschlagen und Empfehlungen für die Veränderung von Serviceerbringung und Politik bezüglich der Arbeit mit ehemaligen Straffälligen und ihren Familienmitgliedern wurden gegenüber den Behörden geäußert. Dieser Artikel betont die Bereicherung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen PraktikerInnen und AkademikerInnen.
2011-04-09
2011-04-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29843
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/sim
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2985
2017-03-27T07:05:42Z
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Ruling Relations of the Church’s Social Work in the Lutheran Church in Finland
Jokela, Ulla
2011-04-09
2011-04-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29850
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/jokela
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2986
2017-03-27T07:05:42Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
The Prerequisites of Success in Child Welfare Open Care
Miettinen, Janissa
2011-04-09
2011-04-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29861
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/miettinen
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2987
2017-03-27T07:05:42Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Greek Pre-Primary Education From the Perspective of Capability Approach: Beliefs and Practices of Pre-Primary Teachers
Potsi, Antoanneta
2011-04-09
2011-04-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29877
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/potsi
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:2988
2017-03-27T07:05:42Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
Vocational Opportunities of Unemployed Young Adults
Rebbe, Daniel
2011-04-10
2011-04-09
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-29883
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/rebbe
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3111
2017-03-27T07:05:45Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Professional Project in a Neoliberal Environment and Evolution of the Meanings of Social Work: a Case Study in Italian Probation Field
Capra, Ruggero
2011-07-30
2011-07-30
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-31118
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/capra
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 2011
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3112
2017-03-27T07:05:45Z
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Enhancing the Capabilities of Young Russians
Kuzmina, Ksenia
2011-07-31
2011-07-01
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-31121
http://www.socwork.net/2011/1/kuzmina
Social Work & Society ; 9 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3400
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
Editorial
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung, Herausgeber
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Deutschland
Zukunftsforschung
udc: SOCIAL SCIENCES
2012-09-25
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34009
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3400
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3401
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
Aus dem Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung
Das Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung e. V. stellt sich vor
Zukunftsforschung, Netzwerk
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Deutschland
Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung
Zukunftsforschung
udc: SOCIAL SCIENCES
2012-09-25
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34018
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3401
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3403
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
pub-type:article
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
ddc:330
ddc:300
Zur Versicherbarkeit von zukünftigen Katastrophen
Nguyen, Tristan
Tiberius, Victor
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
330
http://dewey.info/class/330/
Katastrophen
Versicherbarkeit
Zukunftsforschung
udc: SOCIAL SCIENCES
Natur- und Man-made-Katastrophen nehmen quantitativ an Bedeutung zu. Im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutieren wir Katastrophen aus der Perspektive der Zukunftsforschung und überprüfen das Vorliegen der Versicherungskriterien. Die Versicherbarkeit ist als problematisch einzustufen. Richtungsweisende privatwirtschaftliche Lösungsansätze sind nicht zu erkennen, sodass eine Substitution durch den Staat eruiert wird.
Natural and man-made disasters become increasingly important. In this paper we discuss disasters from the perspective of futures studies and verify the existence of the criteria of insurability. Insurability can be classified as problematic. Trendsetting private-sector solutions are not obvious so that a substitution by the state is evaluated.
2012-09-26
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34032
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3403
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3411
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:zukunftsforschung
Zukunftsforschung in Deutschland
Versuch eines historischen Abrisses (Teil 1)
Steinmüller, Karlheinz
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Deutschland
Geschichte
Zukunftsforschung
swd: Social Science
Die Zukunftsforschung in Deutschland hat eine Geschichte, deren Wurzeln bis ins 19. Jahrhundert zurückreichen. Im ersten Teil wird dargestellt, wie sich seit etwa 1890 ein systematischer Umgang mit Zukunftsfragen herausbildete, welche Ansätze in der Zwischenkriegszeit entwickelt wurden, unter welchen Bedingungen sich die „Futurologie“ nach 1945 allmählich etablierte und welchen Stand sie bis zum Ende ihrer ersten Hochkonjunktur um 1970 erreichte. Den Schwerpunkt bildet dabei eine Analyse der unterschiedlichen methodischen Strömungen sowie der Institutionalisierung.
The roots of futures studies in Germany can be traced back into the 19th century. Part 1 of the outline describes the ways in which a systematic approach to future problems developed since about 1890, during the pre-war and the inter-war period. It reconstructs the rise of “futurology” after 1945 and the conditions the new field of research encountered till the end of its first high time in about 1970. Special emphasis is put on an analysis of the diverse methodological factions and on institutionalization.
2012-09-28
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34116
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3411
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3412
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:zukunftsforschung
Klimawandel als soziale Konstruktion?
Über unterschiedliche Wahrnehmungsweisen zukünftiger Klimarisiken in Küstenregionen
Christmann, Gabriela B.
Heimann, Thorsten
Mahlkow, Nicole
Balgar, Karsten
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Delphi-Methode
Deutschland
Klimawandel
Zukunftsforschung
swd: Social Science
Die Autoren gehen davon aus, dass es soziale und kulturräumliche Unterschiede in den Wahrnehmungsweisen von zukünftigen Klimarisiken gibt und begründen ihre Annahme in theoretischer Hinsicht unter Hinzuziehung der sozialen Konstruktion der Wirklichkeit. Berichtet wird aus einem Forschungsprojekt, das die gesellschaftliche Verarbeitung von Klimarisiken in Küstenstädten der südlichen Nord- und Ostsee im Hinblick darauf untersucht, welche Vorstellungen von einer Vulnerabilität und Resilienz vorliegen. Ausführlich wird das methodische Design der Studie dargestellt. Im Rahmen einer Methodentriangulation wird eine standardisierte Delphi-Expertenbefragung mit einer wissenssoziologischen Diskursanalyse verbunden, um sowohl bisherige als auch zukünftige Vorstellungen von Vulnerabilität und Resilienz zu erheben. Am Beispiel ausgewählter Ergebnisse wird empirisch nachgewiesen, dass Wahrnehmungsunterschiede von Klimarisiken größer sind als angenommen. Die Ergebnisse sind allein aus den Delphi-Daten nicht erklärbar. Ein möglicher Erklärungsansatz ergibt sich ergänzend aus den Erkenntnissen der wissenssoziologischen Diskursanalyse.
The authors assume that there are cultural-spatial differences in the perceptions of future climate risks. In theoretical terms they base their assumption on the social construction of reality. The article presents results from a research project that examines how societies deal with climate risks. Studying coastal cities of the southern North Sea and Baltic Sea the research focuses on the perceptions of vulnerability and resilience concerning climate change. Furthermore the article shows the methodological design of the study in detail. To explain both previous and future notions of vulnerability and resilience, the project uses a triangulation of methods. A standardized Delphi survey of experts is combined with sociology of knowledge approach to discourse. The presented results show empirically that differences in the perception of climate risks are greater than expected. However the data of the Delphi survey on its own cannot fully clarify the results. Additionally, the findings of the sociology of knowledge approach to discourse can possibly give explanations.
2012-09-28
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34126
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3412
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3413
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
Das Thema „Energie“ in der wissenschaftlichen Zukunftsforschung
Mögliche Beiträge einer geographischen Energieforschung
Venjakob, Johannes
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Energieforschung
Szenario-Methode
Zukunftsforschung
Der Umbau der durch den Einsatz fossiler Energieträger dominierten Energiesysteme steht weit oben auf der politischen Agenda. Angesichts des fortschreitenden Klimawandels, der Ressourcenverknappung und des ökonomischen Aufholens der Schwellen- und Entwicklungsländer wird diese Frage immer dringlicher. Zahlreiche politische, gesellschaftliche, ökonomische und ökologische Herausforderungen sind mit diesem Umbau verbunden. Angesichts der Langlebigkeit der heute gebauten Infrastrukturen ergibt sich hieraus ein zentrales Feld für die wissenschaftliche Zukunftsforschung. Der Einsatz von Energieszenarios ist über Jahre erprobt und trotz zahlreicher methodischer und inhaltlicher Unsicherheiten bei der Erarbeitung der Szenariostudien bleiben sie unersetzlich – sofern sie wissenschaftliche Standards hinsichtlich der Wertneutralität und Überprüfbarkeit erfüllen.
Auch in der geographischen Forschung findet sich das Thema „Energie“ wieder verstärkt auf der Agenda. Bereits vor dem Hintergrund der Ölpreiskrisen in den 1970er-Jahren setzten sich Geographinnen und Geographen mit Energiethemen auseinander – angesichts des anstehenden Umbaus der Energiesysteme wird auch wieder die Frage aktuell, inwiefern sich die Transformation des Energiesystems und die Raumstruktur gegenseitig beeinflussen. Dabei werden nicht nur inhaltliche Fragen aufgeworfen, vielmehr ist auch zu klären, wie sich das Thema „Energie“ in die etablierten geographischen Forschungsdisziplinen von der Klimageographie über die Wirtschafts- und Bevölkerungsgeographie bis hin zur Siedlungsgeographie eingliedern lässt.
Die Ausführungen im vorliegenden Artikel gehen noch einen Schritt weiter und werfen die Frage auf, inwiefern sich durch die Verbindung geographischer Forschung und Energiethemen auch ein neues methodisches Experimentierfeld auftut. Konkret wird aufgezeigt, dass die Geographie verstärkt den Blick in die Zukunft wagen und sich von der Analyse rezenter Strukturen lösen sollte. Die Frage der zukünftigen Raumstrukturen angesichts des Umbaus der Energiesysteme ist von zentraler Bedeutung, unter Anwendung von Methoden der wissenschaftlichen Zukunftsforschung muss die Geographie hier antworten liefern.
The conversion of energy systems dominated by fossil fuels has high relevance on the political agenda. With respect to the on-going climate change, resource scarcity and economic catching up of emerging and developing countries, this question becomes more and more urgent. Numerous political, social, economic and environmental challenges are associated with this transformation. Given the longevity of the infrastructure built today, this results in a central area for scientific future research. The use of energy scenarios has been tested over the years and despite numerous methodological and thematically uncertainties in the development of the scenario studies, they remain irreplaceable – if they meet academic standards of neutrality and verifiability.
The issue of energy is also emerging on the agenda of geographical research again. Against the background of the oil price crises geographers already dealt with energy issues in the 1970s – given the upcoming renovation of energy systems, again the question has to be answered, in how far the transformation of the energy system and the spatial structure influence each other. Not only thematic questions are raised, rather, it is to clarify how the issue of energy can be incorporated into the established geographical research disciplines of geography.
The statements in this article go one step further and tie up the question to what extent new methodological experiments can be developed by the combination of geographic research and energy issues. Specifically, it is shown that the geographical research should take a glance at future developments instead of only focusing on the analysis of recent structures. The question of future spatial structures in face of the transformation of energy systems is essential – by using scientific methods of future research, geographers should provide answers here.
2012-09-28
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34131
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3413
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3414
2017-03-27T07:05:51Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:zukunftsforschung
Die dunkle Seite neuer Technologien – Projektbericht FESTOS
Peperhove, Roman
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Sicherheitsforschung
Szenario-Methode
Terrorismus
Das FESTOS-Projekt wurde im 7. Forschungsrahmenprogramm der EU-Sicherheitsforschung durchgeführt. Aufgabe des Projektes war eine Identifizierung zukünftiger Technologien, die von Terroristen oder Kriminellen missbraucht werden könnten. Der Schwerpunkt lag hierbei auf geringer Wahrscheinlichkeit, aber großen Auswirkungen (Low Likelihood – High Impact). Die Ergebnisse flossen in die Erstellung narrativer Szenarien, die zum einen eine Wirkungsanalyse darstellen und zum anderen geeignet sind, das Bewusstsein für einen Technologiemissbrauch zu erhöhen. Die Diskussion forschungsrelevanter und politischer Implikationen bilden den Abschluss des Artikels.
The FESTOS project was conducted within the 7th Framework Programme of the EU “Security” strategy. Scope of the project had been the identification of future technologies which might have the potential to be misused by terrorists or criminals. Focus was laid on events with low likelihood but high impact. Based on the technology assessment, the project developed narrative scenarios for impact analysis and as a tool to raise awareness for technology misuse. Political and research relevance implications are discussed in the end of the article.
2012-10-01
30.09.2012
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-34144
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2012/1/3414
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3604
2017-03-27T07:05:56Z
journal:archimaera
ddc:740
ddc:390
pub-type:article
ddc:720
ddc:750
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Räume des Wissens – Räume des Reisens
Schönhagen, Astrid Silvia
720
http://dewey.info/class/720/
750
http://dewey.info/class/750/
740
http://dewey.info/class/740/
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
390
http://dewey.info/class/390/
August Reinking
Bildtapete
Exotik
Foucault
Grenze
Haus Stapel
Indienzimmer
Kerckerinck
Münsterland
Rheinromantik
Rüschhaus
Wanddekor
Wasserburg
2012-12-30
2013-05-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-21-36049
http://www.archimaera.de/2012/grenzwertig/raeumedeswissens
archimaera ; grenzwertig , 005
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3665
2017-03-27T07:05:58Z
doc-type:text
journal:archimaera
ddc:300
pub-type:article
ddc:720
Strolling through Heterotopia
Noack, Konstanze
720
http://dewey.info/class/720/
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Heterotopie
Foucault, Michel
Utopie
Grenze
Grenzüberschreitung
Grenzziehung
Krise
Übergang
Tarkovskij, Andrej
2012-12-30
Mai 2013
urn:nbn:de:0009-21-36658
http://www.archimaera.de/2012/grenzwertig/strollingthroughheterotopia
archimaera ; grenzwertig , 005
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3685
2017-03-27T07:05:58Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Editorial
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung, Redaktion
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2013-07-14
14.07.2013
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-36850
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/jahrgang-2013/ausgabe-2/3685
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2 (2013) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3688
2017-03-27T07:05:58Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
Arbeitsgruppe Methoden
Zukunftsforschung, Netzwerk
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2013-07-14
14.07.2013
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-36882
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/jahrgang-2013/ausgabe-2/3688
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2 (2013) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3694
2017-03-27T07:05:58Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Wissenschaftliche Validität als Qualitätsmerkmal der Zukunftsforschung
Grunwald, Armin
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Wissenschaftstheorie
Zukunftsforschung
Zukunftsforschung beansprucht, wissenschaftlichen Kriterien zu genügen. Anders als in anderen Disziplinen trifft man jedoch in diesem Fachgebiet auf besondere Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Kriterien wissenschaftlicher Validität und an die Verfahren ihrer Prüfung, da übliche Ansätze wie die empirische Bewährung oder logische Ableitung in der Zukunftsforschung nicht anwendbar sind. Stattdessen können, so die hier vertretene These, strukturelle Überlegungen aus der Kohärenztheorie der Wahrheit übertragen werden, um die wissenschaftliche Qualität von Zukunftsaussagen konzeptuell zu begreifen und mit Kriterien zur Validierung zu operationalisieren. Entscheidend ist, dass Aussagen der Zukunftsforschung transparent in ihre Bestandteile zerlegt werden und dass sowohl für die Bestandteile als auch für die Art und Weise der Zusammenfügung der Bestandteile belastbare Argumente angeführt werden können. Der Beitrag schließt mit Überlegungen, was von einer explizit wissenschaftlichen Validierung von Zukunftsüberlegungen erwartet werden kann und was nicht.
Science-based future research such as prediction and forecasting needs to clarify the fundament of its scientific validation. However, standard criteria of scientific validation such as empirical approval and logical deduction are not directly applicable to foresight knowledge. Instead the thesis of this paper shows that structural elements of the theory of truth based on the criterion of coherence can be used to derive criteria of the scientific quality of predictive and foresight knowledge. In doing this it is decisive to transparently decompose predictive and foresighting statements with respect to their ingredients such as knowledge, values, and assumptions. Then the argumentative quality of selecting particularly these ingredients and of composing them in the way which results in the prospective statements under consideration may be scrutinized. Finally the added value of scientifically validated prospective knowledge will be discussed.
2013-07-16
15.07.2013
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-36941
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/jahrgang-2013/ausgabe-2/3694
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2 (2013) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3695
2017-03-27T07:05:58Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:report
Climate Engineering: gesellschaftliches Konfliktpotenzial und öffentliche Partizipationsmöglichkeiten
Projektbericht
Hiller, Sylvia
Renn, Ortwin
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Climate Engineering
Delphi-Methode
Partizipative Methoden
Zukunftsforschung
Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen einer Literatur- und Medienanalyse wurde erstmals zum Thema Climate Engineering ein sogenanntes Gruppen-Delphi durchgeführt, um aktuelle und argumentativ fundierte Einschätzungen von Experten zu den möglichen sozialen und kulturellen Folgen von Climate Engineering, insbesondere auch in Deutschland, zu erhalten. Die Ergebnisse dieser diskursiven Form der Expertenbefragung zeigen deutlich, dass die Verfahren des Climate Engineering differenziert betrachtet und bewertet werden müssen. Auf Akzeptanzprobleme stoßen vor allem Maßnahmen, bei denen hohe Unsicherheit über die potenziellen Nebenwirkungen besteht. In der Literatur und unter den Experten besteht Einigkeit darüber, dass es bereits jetzt, in der Frühphase der Entwicklung von Climate Engineering-Strategien, notwendig sei, die Bürger über diese Technologien und Strategien aufzuklären.
Based on a review of the social science literature and media analysis about impacts of climate engineering, the authors conducted a Group Delphi study in order to obtain calibrated expert assessments and judgements about the potential social and cultural consequences of climate engineering. Twelve experts from the social sciences, communication studies, and the natural sciences participated in the assessment exercise. The aim of the Delphi was to ascertain how the potential deployment of particular climate engineering technologies is likely to be perceived and evaluated by stakeholders, the media, and the general public in the future. In addition, the experts were asked to delineate lessons for political communication and participation strategies based on their assessments. Consensus exists in the literature and among the Delphi participants that, even at this early stage in the development of climate engineering, it is necessary to provide the public with background information about the topic. The extent of public outrage and social conflicts will depend on the technology chosen for climate engineering: the emission of sulphur dioxide aerosols in the stratosphere would produce most protest and conflict, followed by ocean fertilization, cloud seeding, and massive afforestation in descending order.
2013-07-17
15.07.2013
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-36957
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/jahrgang-2013/ausgabe-2/3695
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2 (2013) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3699
2017-03-27T07:05:58Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Zukunftsforschung in Deutschland
Versuch eines historischen Abrisses (Teil 2)
Steinmüller, Karlheinz
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Deutschland
Geschichte
Zukunftsforschung
Der zweite Teil des historischen Abrisses befasst sich mit der Geschichte der Zukunftsforschung in der alten Bundesrepublik von etwa 1972 bis zur Wiedervereinigung. Anhand von Institutionen, Herangehensweisen und zentralen Themen werden Strömungen und Entwicklungsetappen dargestellt. Auf das Neben- und Gegeneinander von systemkritischer und kybernetisch-systemtechnischer Futurologie noch Anfang der 1970er-Jahre folgte in den späten 1970er- und 1980er-Jahren eine Krise der Zukunftsforschung bei gleichzeitig ablaufenden Differenzierungsprozessen.
The second part presents the history of futures studies in the Federal Republic of Germany from about 1972 to reunification. Major currents and stages of development are outlined by means of institutions, approaches and main subjects. For some period in the early 1970s, critical futurology and a cybernetic, system-technical approach at best coexisted. In the late 1970s and 1980s futures studies in Germany experienced a time of crisis that fostered processes of differentiation.
2013-07-18
14.07.2013
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-36998
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/jahrgang-2013/ausgabe-2/3699
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2 (2013) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3873
2017-03-27T07:06:02Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Die Rolle der technologischen Kurzsichtigkeit bei langfristigen Energieszenarien
Analyzing the impact of technological myopia on long-term energy scenarios
Elsland, Rainer
Harter, Christian
Wietschel, Martin
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Energieforschung
Szenario-Methode
Um die Implikationen des technologischen Wandels auf die Energienachfrage zu analysieren, kommen häufig technologiebasierte Energiemodelle zum Einsatz, die eine hohe Granularität aufweisen. Aufgrund des kontinuierlichen technologischen Fortschritts wirkt sich jedoch die technologische Kurzsichtigkeit mit zunehmendem Projektionszeithorizont restriktiv aus. Dies stellt besonders bei langfristigen Szenarien (> 20 Jahre) eine große Herausforderung dar. Um die Auswirkung von Innovationen und ihre Verbreitung im Markt bei der Analyse von Energienachfrageszenarien zu berücksichtigen, wird in diesem Beitrag ein Konzept zur Quantifizierung des technologischen Fortschritts in ein technologiebasiertes Energienachfragemodell integriert, wodurch sich Rückschlüsse hinsichtlich der technologischen Kurzsichtigkeit ziehen lassen. Die Analyse zeigt, dass bei Technologien mit einer hohen Geschwindigkeit des technologischen Fortschritts, kurzen Reinvestitionszyklen und einem hohen Adoptionspotenzial die Energienachfrage lediglich für kurz- und mittelfristige Horizonte (< 20 Jahre) technologiebasiert projektiert werden sollte.
Technology-based energy modeling is a common approach for analyzing the implications of technological change on the development of energy demand, as they provide a high level of granularity. However, because of continuous technological progress, restrictions to the modeling horizon are set by myopic information about future technologies. Especially in the context of long-term scenarios (> 20 years) this short-sightedness is a tremendous challenge. To analyze the impact of innovation and their diffusion in the framework of energy scenarios, this study presents a concept to integrate the quantification of technological progress into an existing energy demand model. This enables the user to explicitly address technological myopia in energy demand scenarios. It is shown that technologies with a very high pace of technological progress, short reinvestment cycles and a high adoption potential should only be projected for the short- to mid-term horizon (< 20 years) on a technology basis.
2014-03-14
15.03.2014
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-38730
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-1-2014/3873
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2014 , 1/2014
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3874
2017-03-27T07:06:02Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Editorial
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung, Redaktion
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2014-03-14
2014-03-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-38745
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-1-2014/3874
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 3 (2014) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3876
2017-03-27T07:06:02Z
doc-type:text
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Zukunftsforschung in Deutschland - Versuch eines historischen Abrisses (Teil 3)
Steinmüller, Karlheinz
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Deutschland
Zukunftsforschung
Der vorliegende dritte Teil des historischen Abrisses befasst sich mit der Geschichte der Zukunftsforschung in Deutschland seit 1990. Angesichts der verstärkten Ausdifferenzierung werden schwerpunktmäßig die Entwicklungen in den Feldern von Technikvorausschau, regionaler Vorausschau und Corporate Foresight mit ihren jeweiligen Auftraggebern, durchführenden Institutionen, zentralen Themen und Herangehensweisen dargestellt. Am Ende steht das Argument, dass es der erreichte Stand der Institutionalisierung trotz mancher Defizite erlaubt, die Zukunftsforschung als eine „werdende Disziplin“ zu charakterisieren.
The third part presents the history of futures studies in Germany from about 1990 to the present. Taking account of increasing differentiation, the fields of technology foresight, regional foresight, and corporate foresight are treated separately. Their development is outlined with respect to clients, institutions, main issues and approaches. At the closing, the present state is scrutinized. Despite some shortcomings it may be reasoned that the state of institutionalisation achieved so far allows characterizing futures studies in Germany as a “discipline in the making”.
2014-03-14
2014-03-15
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-38761
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-1-2014/3876
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 3 (2014) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3879
2017-03-27T07:06:02Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
journal:zukunftsforschung
Aus dem Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung
Zukunftsforschung, Netzwerk
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2014-03-28
15.03.2014
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-38790
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-1-2014/3879
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 3 (2014) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:3880
2017-03-27T07:06:02Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Projektbericht RACE2050
Entwicklung einer innovativen und verantwortungsvollen Agenda für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der europäischen Transportindustrie bis 2050
Dienel, Hans-Luidger
Moraglio, Massimo
Kellermann, Robin
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Szenario-Methode
Transportindustrie
Die RACE2050-Zukunftsstudie zielt darauf ab, wesentliche Erfolgsfaktoren für ein nachhaltiges Wachstum der europäischen Transportindustrie zu identifizieren, um daraus Politikempfehlungen bis zum Jahr 2050 zu formulieren. Dafür werden eine Vielzahl bestehender Zukunftsstudien aus dem Transportbereich in einem „Synopsis Tool“ zusammengeführt, um sie anschließend hinsichtlich ihrer Projektionen, Zielstellungen und insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer unterschiedlichen Maßnahmen zur Erreichung dieser Ziele zu vergleichen und zu beurteilen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Analyse werden mit unterschiedlichen Experten aus Transportindustrie, Forschung und Politik gemeinsam diskutiert. Daraus entwickelt das Projekt schließlich in Form eigener Szenarien für 2030 und 2050 Kernkonzepte für eine nachhaltige und wettbewerbsfähige europäische Transportindustrie.
RACE2050 foresight study aims to identify key success factors for a sustainable growth of the European Transport industry and for policies which can increase its strength in a long perspective up to 2050. By integrating the tremendous available foresight intelligence into a comparative synopsis, we will be able to compare and assess various visions and especially different policies to reach these goals. The results of this analysis will be discussed with experts from the transport industry, research, policy, and the foresight field. By this, we will come up with weighted explanations and long duree core concepts for a sustainable strength of the European transport industry.
2014-03-28
15.03.2014
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-38807
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-1-2014/3880
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 3(2014) , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:394
2017-03-27T07:06:03Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Social Work, Mobility and Membership
Jordan, Bill
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
Social work is more involved in the collective life of its clientele than are other human service activities, because it is directly concerned with the bonds and conflicts between individuals, and the co-operative and competitive aspects of groups and communities. Hence it relies on being sited in organisations relevant to service users' lives, and on being able to influence these collectivities. This article argues that the 'organisational landscape' is being transformed, as commercial enterprises (more mobile and adaptable than either state or non-government organisations) take over important aspects of collective provision. The implications of this transformation for practice are analysed, by reference to examples from the United Kingdom in particular.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-3942
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/articles/394
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:395
2017-03-27T07:06:03Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Social Workers Involvement in Taiwan's 1999 Earthquake Disaster Aid: Implications for Social Work Education
Chou, Yueh-Ching
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
On September 21, 1999, a strong earthquake devastated Taiwan's central areas and claimed more than two thousand casualties. Social work roles in the disaster aid were surveyed with standardized questionnaires six months after the earthquake; in addition, interviews of the key informants, documental research, focus groups and open-ended questionnaires were utilized to collect qualitative data. The study found that social workers had significant roles and functions in both rescue and recovery stages especially in linking the victims' needs with resources. Social workers, including from public and private sectors as well as from campuses including the faculties and students of social work departments, have been deeply involved in helping the victims. Regrettably, most Taiwanese social workers participated in the rescue aid with limited training in disaster aid; social work practice in disaster aid is not included in current curriculums of college level. This means that social work roles and functions in the disaster aid process have not been fully realized by Taiwan's society and professional education.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-3959
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/articles/395
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:396
2017-03-27T07:06:05Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Policy Contexts of Social Work in Britain: the wider implications of 'New' Labour and the 'New Legal Regime'
Penna, Sue
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
Several commentators have expressed disappointment with New Labour's apparent adherence to the policy frameworks of the previous Conservative administrations. The employment orientation of its welfare programmes, the contradictory nature of the social exclusion initiatives, and the continuing obsession with public sector marketisation, inspections, audits, standards and so on, have all come under critical scrutiny (c.f., Blyth 2001; Jordan 2001; Orme 2001). This paper suggests that in order to understand the socio-economic and political contexts affecting social work we need to examine the relationship between New Labour's modernisation project and its insertion within an architecture of global governance. In particular, membership of the European Union (EU), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Trade Organisation (WTO) set the parameters for domestic policy in important ways. Whilst much has been written about the economic dimensions of 'globalisation' in relation to social work rather less has been noted about the ways in which domestic policy agenda are driven by multilateral governance objectives. This policy dimension is important in trying to respond to various changes affecting social work as a professional activity. What is possible, what is encouraged, how things might be done, is tightly bounded by the policy frameworks governing practice and affected by those governing the lives of service users. It is unhelpful to see policy formulation in purely national terms as the UK is inserted into a network governance structure, a regulatory framework where decisions are made by many countries and organisations and agencies. Together, they are producing a 'new legal regime', characterised by a marked neo-liberal policy agenda. This paper aims to demonstrate the relationship of New Labour's modernisation programme to these new forms of legality by examining two main policy areas and the welfare implications they are enmeshed in. The first is privatisation, and the second is social policy in the European Union. Examining these areas allows a demonstration of how much of the New Labour programme can be understood as a local implementation of a transnational strategy, how parts of that strategy produce much of the social exclusion it purports to address, and how social welfare, and particularly social work, are noticeable by their absence within policy discourses of the strategy. The paper details how the privatisation programme is considered to be a crucial vehicle for the further development of a transnational political-economy, where capital accumulation has been redefined as 'welfare'. In this development, frameworks, codes and standards are central, and the final section of the paper examines how the modernisation strategy of the European Union depends upon social policy marked by an employment orientation and risk rationality, aimed at reconfiguring citizen identities.The strategy is governed through an 'open mode of coordination', in which codes, standards, benchmarks and so on play an important role. The paper considers the modernisation strategy and new legality within which it is embedded as dependent upon social policy as a technology of liberal governance, one demonstrating a new rationality in comparison to that governing post-Second World War welfare, and which aims to reconfigure institutional infrastructure and citizen identity.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-3967
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/articles/396
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:397
2017-03-27T07:06:05Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Problem Solving Policing: Views of Citizens and Citizens Expectations in Germany
Weitekamp, Elmar G.M.
Meier, Hans-Jürgen Kerner and Ulrike
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
For the last two decades American police experts developed new police philosophies in order to tackle more successful the increasing crime problems. Community Policing tries to improve the cooperation between the population and the police and to increase the trust in the police. A crucial factor is a meaningful cooperation between the police and the citizens. Problem Oriented Policing aims at structural changes in the organisation and the procedures of the police in public. The police have to investigate the hidden problems and conflicts of an individual offence and to create proactive and long term concepts for the social area of conflicts beyond the specific case. It is doubtful whether these philosophies can be implemented in Germany since the legality principle prohibits meaningful, trustworthy relationships between citizens and police officers. However, if one examines the results of surveys on citizens views and expectations towards the police one finds that the majority of the German citizens favour the postulates of community and problem oriented policing. They expect through these measures an improvement of their life situation in the community and the feelings of safety. If one takes these results seriously one has to question if the legality principle is still appropriate. It seems to hamper new, more promising policing styles which seem to improve life of it's citizens and reflect what the citizens want and expect from their police force.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-3979
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/articles/397
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:398
2017-03-27T07:06:05Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Common Social Work Education Standards in the Nordic Countries - opening an issue
Petersson, Sigrun Juliusdottir and Jan
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The article analyses the option of common Nordic Standards for social work education in these countries. The option is viewed through the lens of trends in education in the different countries. In the article the notion of an Integrated Field Model is used to indicate the starting point for a common model of education. This model covers the field characteristics of Denmark and Norway and their current move towards a more research-based education. It also covers the research characteristics of education in Finland, Iceland and Sweden and their current move towards a new field connection based on research-oriented education. Some thoughts on international requirements on comparability and compatibility in this setting are addressed in the final section.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-3988
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/articles/398
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:402
2017-03-27T07:06:05Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
The Civil War in Southern Sudan and Its Effect on Youth and Children
Biel, Melha Rout
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The Civil War in Sudan, which began in June 1983, has caused a numbers of social, cultural and economical problems for Sudan. Many social changes took place, not only in the southern Sudan, where the war has been fought since its inception, but also in the Sudanese Nation as a whole. In this contribution, I would like to give a short summary about the effect of the war on the Sudanese society, in general, and on youth and children, in particular. This is important, because youth and children are the future of every nation. Because the youth and children in southern Sudan are gravely affected by the current war, this article will specifically address these effects. Youth and children in the North of the country are, however, almost equally affected by the conflict. After discussing historical background of Sudan and its political and developmental condition, I will briefly summarize the social situation and the role of social work in Sudan during and after the conflict.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4025
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/socialreports/402
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:404
2017-03-27T07:06:06Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Dame Eileen Younghusband (Jan. 1902 - May 1981)
Lyons, Karen
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
Dame Eileen Younghusband died in a car accident on a lecture tour in the in the USA at a point when preparations had commenced for her 80th Birthday celebrations. Her working life had spanned a significant era in the history of the development of social work and education for the profession in the UK and more widely; and she herself had made a major contribution to these developments. She differs from earlier pioneering figures presented in these historical portraits in representing 'the next generation' of significant women in the history of social work. Nevertheless, she was a pioneer in the sense of initiating radical changes as described later in this portrait.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4049
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/historicalportraits/404
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:406
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Organisational and methodical aspects of drug and addiction prevention among young people. Developments in the Ukraine, in Germany, Spain and Russia (Project Description)
Sting, Stephan
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
From october 2000 to march 2003 the project has been coordinated by the institute of social work and welfare studies of the TU Dresden and financed by the European Commission (INCO-COPERNICUS-Programme). It was an international cooperation between the TU Dresden (Germany), the University of Internal Affairs and the National Technical University in Kharkiv (Ukraine), the research institute AREA in Valenciá (Spain) and the Belgorod Juridical Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia) which was established for improving the knowledge base of drug prevention activities by the East European partners. The overall aim of the project was the analysis and elaboration of approaches to drug and addiction prevention. Under consideration of the specific conditions within the East-European countries this work should contribute to the development of pluralistic approaches towards health promotion which are embedded into an intercultural, European horizon.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4061
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/researchnotes/406
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4069
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
ddc:300
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Aufstieg und Niedergang der Prognostik
Zur Geschichte der Zukunftsforschung in der DDR
Steinmüller, Karlheinz
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
DDR
Deutschland
Geschichte
Zukunftsforschung
Von Beginn an stand die wissenschaftliche Befassung mit Zukunftsfragen in der DDR in einem Spannungsverhältnis zur staatstragenden Ideologie, gemäß der die kommunistische Zukunft bereits feststand. In den 1960er-Jahren kam es, getragen von Bemühungen der Parteiführung, die Wirtschaft der DDR durch wissenschaftlich-technischen Fortschritt zu dynamisieren, zu einer temporären Etablierung der Prognostik, die sich in scharfem Gegensatz zur „spätkapitalistischen“ Futurologie begriff. Diese Ansätze wurden jedoch nach dem Ende der Ulbricht-Ära zurückgenommen. Als in den 1980er-Jahren das offizielle Perspektivbewusstsein erodierte, war für Zukunftsforschung kein Raum mehr; das Zukunftsdenken verlagerte sich in die Dissidentenbewegung.
From the beginning, a scientific approach to questions of the future was in conflict with the official ideology of the GDR, according to which the society was heading into a communist future. During the 1960ies, the political leaders tried to foster economic development by promoting scientific-technological progress. Prognostics fitted well into these ambitions and was to a certain extent institutionalised, but had to contrast itself against “late-capitalist” futurology. With the reorientation of politics after Walter Ulbricht lost power, prognostics was cut back. As the official belief in the communist future eroded during the 1980ies, there was no longer any room for futures studies. Futures thinking was taken up by the dissident movement.
2014-11-26
2014-11-26
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-40698
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-2-2014/4069
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2014 , 2
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:407
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Blighted Spaces and the Politics of Everyday Life
II, Robert P. Fairbanks
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
While a great deal is known about the demographic and historical trends that shape the built environment of American cities, much less is known about the politics of everyday life among residents who continue to live in postindustrial neighborhoods. This study seeks to compensate for the current gaps in academic research by conducting spatially informed ethnography in a North Philadelphia community. Specifically, the study will explore the issue of urban "blight" from a cultural geography perspective, primarily by looking at the ways in which "blighted" spaces shape everyday life, and everyday life in turn shapes and produces the spatial environment. In response to these concerns, my study poses the questions: What would it mean to focus on the ways in which human agency, imagination, and subjectivity are shaped by "blighted" geographical locations? What would it mean to pay ethnographic attention to how subjects in given historical conditions are shaped by "blighted" spaces, as well as how they respond to these spaces in culturally specific ways? By incorporating critical interdisciplinary approaches, this study offers a new way of looking at the various practices of daily life - including flexible, informal economic activities and post-welfare related "lifestyles" of resistance. Through the lens of spatial ethnography, the study seeks to elucidate the ways in which postindustrial space interacts with culture, poverty and addiction; as well as the ways in which users continue to appropriate postindustrial spaces in culturally meaningful ways under the aegis of the semi-welfare state.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4074
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/researchnotes/407
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4071
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
pub-type:article
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Beiträge der Innovationsforschung für die Zukunftsforschung
Zweck, Axel
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Innovationsforschung
Wissenschaftstheorie
Zukunftsforschung
Sowohl Zukunfts- als auch Innovationsforschung haben eine lange Tradition. Bisher führten die Disziplinen in unterschiedlichen wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaften ein nahezu getrenntes Eigenleben. Wechselseitige Wahrnehmungen führten keineswegs zu einer nachhaltigen, andauernden Zusammenarbeit. Auf Basis einer kurzen Darstellung der Zukunftsforschung und einer ausführlicheren systemtheoretischen Einordnung der Innovationsforschung wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob eine intensivere wechselseitige Befruchtung beider Forschungsrichtungen aussichtsreiche Perspektiven eröffnet. Der Fokus liegt hierbei vor allem auf der Frage, welche Potenziale die Innovationsforschung für die Zukunftsforschung bietet.
Die Reflexion zeigt, dass ein eingehendes Innovationsverständnis, wie es die moderne Innovationsforschung bis heute erlangt hat, für viele Fragestellungen, mit denen sich die Zukunftsforschung auseinandersetzt, von profundem Vorteil ist. Abschließend wird der Frage nachgegangen, woran die bisherige wechselseitige Zurückhaltung liegen könnte und welche Forschungsfragen den künftigen interdisziplinären Diskurs beider Forschungsrichtungen befruchten könnten.
Future and innovation research both have long traditions. Both disciplines have previously led almost entirely separate lives, in separate scientific communities. Any reciprocal perception can, by no means, be called sustainable. Based on a brief overview of Futures Research and a system-theoretical classification of innovation research, this paper investigates whether a more intense interdisciplinary dialogue could open up promising future perspectives. The focus throughout is on the potential that innovation research can offer futures studies.
The examination shows, that a thorough understanding of the advances modern innovation research has made, can offer important insights into questions posed by Futures Research. Finally, possible reasons for previous mutual reservations are examined, and areas of research that could provide fertile ground for future interdisciplinary discourse are identified.
2014-12-02
02.12.2014
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-40711
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-2-2014/4071
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 1914 , 2
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4073
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
doc-type:text
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
pub-type:report
Aus dem Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung
Zukunftsforschung, Netzwerk
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung
Zukunftsforschung
2014-12-02
02.12.2014
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-40739
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-2-2014/4073
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2014 , 2
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4076
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
ddc:300
journal:zukunftsforschung
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Projektbericht Experteneinschätzung quantitativer technischer Parameter – Erkenntnisse einer Delphi-Studie zum Einsatz von Brennstoffzellen im Kraftfahrzeug
Thoennes, Markus
Busse, Alexander
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
Delphi-Methode
Entwicklung der technologischen Leistungsfähigkeit von Brennstoffzellen
Quantitative Experteneinschätzung
Technologische Leistungsparameter von Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugen
Transportindustrie
Die Endlichkeit fossiler Energieressourcen, der zunehmende legislative Druck zur Reduzierung von Fahrzeugemissionen und das massive Wachstum weltweiter Fahrzeugflotten führen zu einem hohen Handlungsdruck, alternative Antriebstechnologien einzuführen. Aufgrund ihrer Emissionsfreiheit und der hohen Alltagseignung, zum Beispiel bezüglich der Reichweite und Betankungsdauer, stellen Fahrzeuge mit einer Brennstoffzelle als Antriebssystem eine vielversprechende Technologieoption dar. Eine Markteinführung von ersten, technologisch derzeit noch in einem frühen Entwicklungsstadium befindlichen Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugen wird von mehreren Fahrzeugherstellern für die Jahre 2015–2017 vorbereitet. Die langfristige, weitreichende Marktetablierung von Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugen hängt letztlich von der weiteren Entwicklung der technischen Leistungsfähigkeit von Brennstoffzellensystemen ab, die augenblicklich den Marktanforderungen noch nicht ausreichend gerecht werden.
Obwohl insbesondere die Entwicklung quantitativer Leistungsparameter für die Marktetablierung entscheidend ist, lagen bislang methodisch fundierte, quantitative Prognosen für diese Systeme nicht vor. Zur Analyse des technologischen Potenzials von Brennstoffzellensystemen in automobiler Anwendung hat das Institut für Kraftfahrzeuge der RWTH Aachen University daher eine webbasierte Delphi-Studie zur quantitativen Entwicklung technologischer Leistungsparameter von automobilen Brennstoffzellensystemen mit einem zeitlichen Horizont bis 2030 durchgeführt.
Das vorliegende Paper diskutiert die Ergebnisse sowie die methodischen Erkenntnisse der durchgeführten Delphi-Studie und arbeitet die Besonderheiten einer quantitativen Befragung im technischen Umfeld in den Bereichen Studienlayout, Befragungsdurchführung und Ergebnisinterpretation heraus. Unter anderem geht der Artikel auf die Relevanz einer fundierten Datenbasis als Basis für die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung der Delphi-Studie sowie auf die Beeinflussung der Teilnehmer durch die Definition und Formulierung quantitativer Fragestellungen ein. Weiterhin wird die Relevanz extremer Expertenpositionen in heterogenen Teilnehmergruppen behandelt sowie die Möglichkeit der Validierung quantitativer Ergebnisse durch zusätzliche Delphi-Befragungsrunden, insbesondere bei kleinen Grundgesamtheiten, untersucht.
The scarcity of fossil energy resources, the increasing legislative pressure to reduce vehicle-related CO2 emissions, and the expected growth in the number of passenger cars result in a high demand for introducing propulsion technologies with zero or very low tailpipe emissions. In this context, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) offer significant potential to mitigate vehicle-related CO2 emissions, featuring a high practicality in terms of range and refueling time at the same time. Currently vehicle manufacturers are preparing the market introduction of first FCEV models for 2015–2017. Anyhow, in terms of their technological level of maturity, these models still are in an early stage of development. The long-term, extensive market establishment of FCEV therefore is highly dependent on the technological progress of fuel cell system technology, as current systems do not yet meet customer demands regarding system performance.
To analyze the technological potential of automotive fuel cell systems, the Institut für Kraftfahrzeuge, RWTH Aachen University conducted a web-based Delphi Study. In comparison to existing Delphi Studies in this topical areas, which qualitatively assess the potential of these systems, the conducted study aims at quantitatively forecasting the technological performance parameters with a timely horizon until 2030.
This paper discusses the methodological findings of the conducted Delphi Study and analyses the characteristics of quantitative Delphi Studies in technological contexts in terms of study design, survey implementation, and interpretation of results. Among others, the article focuses on the relevance of a sound data basis for the design of a quantitative Delphi Study with regard to contents and on the risk to influence the study participants when defining quantitative problems. Furthermore, the relevance of heterogeneous groups of participants is analyzed and the potential to validate quantitative results in consecutive survey rounds is examined.
2014-12-08
08.12.2014
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-40766
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-2-2014/4076
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2014 , 2
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4078
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:report
ddc:300
pub-type:article
journal:zukunftsforschung
Editorial
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung, Redaktion
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2014-12-08
2014-12-08
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-40789
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2014/ausgabe-2-2014/4078
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 3 (2014) , 2
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:408
2017-03-27T07:06:07Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
Generating Dutiful Members in Communities of 'Rational Choice'
Ziegler, Holger
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The study 'Youth Welfare as Prevention - The reconfiguration of support and control in advanced liberalism' is part of the Graduate program 'Youth Welfare in Transition' funded by the 'German Research Association'. In empirical terms it is based on both interviews with professionals, reconstructive discourse analysis based on documents and programs as well as a secondary analysis of a range of existing studies.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4085
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/researchnotes/408
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:400
2017-03-27T07:06:08Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
'Businessology' and Social Work
Harris, John
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
There is a spectre stalking social work in many countries of the world. That spectre is the belief that social work needs to be reshaped in the image of capitalist business enterprises, what we might term business ideology or 'businessology'. Within that belief, the explicit or implicit assumption is that social work should, as far as possible, function as though it were a commercial business concerned with making profits. In those countries most affected, the culture of capitalism has colonised social work as business thinking and practices have been introduced. The embrace of businessology in social work is presented as a neutral trend, to which all social workers can be committed, namely, the modernisation of social work and making it more efficient through the application of distinctive and valuable expertise.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4005
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/debate/400
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:409
2017-03-27T07:06:08Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Making research works visible and stimulating a research milieu in the field of social work - The European Resource Centre for Social Work Research (CERTS)
Laot, Geneviève Crespo and Françoise F.
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The project to create a European Resource Centre for Social Work Research (CERTS) has been agreed in December 2001 by the General Research Board of the European Commission within the framework programme 'Accompanying Measures for the improving the Human research potential and the Socio Economic Knowledge Base'.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4090
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/researchnotes/409
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:411
2017-03-27T07:06:10Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Jan Fook: Social Work: Critical Theory and Practice & Karen Healy: Social Work Practices: Contemporary Perspectives on Change
McDonald, Catherine
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
In his recent book on the contemporary politics of social work, Powell (2001) nominates Jan Fook and Karen Healy as two Australian authors who have made significant contributions to the radical or critical social work tradition. I have chosen to review them together, as each, in different ways, attempts to achieve the same purpose. That is, they attempt to provide a convincing account for adopting a critical approach to practice in the contemporary conditions of the 21st century and, in doing so, re-invigorate the radical tradition of social work practice. My first comment, important for the readership of this international journal, is that both books easily 'travel' beyond the Australian context.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4118
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/bookreviews/411
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:412
2017-03-27T07:06:10Z
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
Rick Henderson and Mike Pochin: A Right Result? Advocacy, justice and empowerment
Read, Janet
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
As Henderson and Pochin point out in the introduction to their book, recent years have seen the concept of advocacy given increasing prominence in central and local government policy in the UK. It made an appearance in local community care and long-stay hospital closure plans. It features in reforms to the health service in England and Wales, in the form of the Patient Advocacy and Liaison Services (DoH 2000), while proposed changes to the mental health system also accord a key role to service users' advocates. In addition, Valuing People, central government's proposals on the future strategy for people with learning disabilities, promised the widespread development of advocacy services (DoH 2001). Advocacy, traditionally located on the margins of state activity in the UK, is experiencing something of an attempt to shift it into mainstream policy and service provision. This makes it a significant time to review the core values and practices that have distinguished advocacy from other forms of professional and voluntary intervention and to explore how these may be preserved and developed in the contemporary context.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4127
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/bookreviews/412
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:413
2017-03-27T07:06:11Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
doc-type:text
Michael J. Fabricant and Robert Fisher: Settlement Houses Under Siege: The Struggle to Sustain Community Organisations in New York City
Baldwin, Norma
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
This is a fascinating book - clear, incisive, a lesson for our times. It focuses on the history and recent experience of Settlement Houses in New York and uses this as a vehicle for an analysis of the political economy of welfare agencies. I wanted to send copies to politicians and policy makers worldwide who, whilst claiming to support social inclusion, community regeneration and equal opportunities, formulate policies that fragment societies and oppress poor and vulnerable people.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4132
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/bookreviews/413
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:415
2017-03-27T07:06:11Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Turkey. A Generalist Approach in Social Work Education
Bulut, Isil
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
A global review of social work education reveals considerable similarity among countries as well as significant differences. Historically, programs of social work education are informed by humanistic values and encompass knowledge of social problems, an understanding of individuals and their environment in interaction, and method of intervention into social and human difficulties. At the same time, structure of social work within the educational system and the length of training vary considerably from country to country. There is no serious international standards' setting for social work education, programs, educators and students around the world. Education programs exist at differing levels of education and for differing periods of time. There are no worldwide data on the number and qualifications of teachers of social work, the number and characteristics of social work students, variations in curricula and type of practicum (Hokeenstad and Kendall, 2001; Hokenstad, Midgley, 1998). North American and European models have had a major influence on social work educational programs in most parts of the world, especially developing countries. Still, the amount of western influence on social work education in developing countries is an issue that continues to be discussed (Hockenstad, Khinduka and Midgley, 1992; Frumkin, Lloyd, 2001). The programs in practice in Europe and North America have influenced the implementation of social work education programs. In recent years this influence has had a big part in the acceptance of the generalist approach. It is very important that social work education programs must be planned in accordance with the social structure and the development process of the society. Because of this, information on the social indicators and social welfare services will be given first then social work education will be stressed upon.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4156
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/countrynotes/415
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:416
2017-03-27T07:06:11Z
doc-type:text
ddc:300
pub-type:article
Social Work in Republic of Buryatia/Russia
Bazarova, Tatyana
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The Republic of Buryatia is situated in Eastern Sibiria, the eastern coast of Baikal Lake. The total area of the republic is 351 thousand square kilometers. The capital of Republic is Ulan-Ude. The modern social-economic situation in Russia is extremely paradoxical and multiaspectual - negative processes take place almost in all spheres of the society. The introduction of market economy principles, the process of privatisation, and the last economic crises in the Federation of Russia have brought many social phenomena - among them increasing poverty, homelessness and still high rate of unemployment are the worst one. It makes the changes in the state social welfare programmes and functioning patterns be implemented. Social problems are especially very important in the so-called "depressive" regions of Russia (Buryatia Republic is among those regions). The most important is the staff supplement of social services and the level of professionalism of people who work there. This problem consists of two aspects: first, the number of specialists with professional education of social workers is not enough; second, the level of professionalism of the workers is very low.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4166
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/countrynotes/416
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:417
2017-03-27T07:06:11Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
Gender - an Issue for German Welfare Organisation
Lange, Chris
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
During the last months and years the English expression 'gender' has become a well-known word all over Germany, often with the annex 'mainstreaming'. Gender mainstreaming was initiated as a political strategy by the Women's World Conference in Beijing in 1995 and adopted by the European Union in 1997 (COM(96)76 final). It basically means that all actions and initiatives planned have to be tested as to their effects on women and men and should not be taken if they disadvantage either one. But gender is also a category in the discussion about democratic features. Gender democracy means that males and females should be represented equally in the public, political, cultural, social and economic sphere of a society. On this background, this paper traces the gender issue in the field of organizations in the social sector of Germany, in particular the 'welfare organizations'. In this article, 'welfare organizations' is used as a translation of the German word 'Wohlfahrtsverbände'. The reason for this choice is the endeavor to indicate their difference from for instance English 'charitable associations' or French 'associations sociale et sanitaire', because social organizations in the EU-member states differ considerably in regard to their history, function, self-image , financing, political power etc.. The terms 'social non-governmental organizations' (NGOs) or 'social nonprofit organizations' (NPOs ) are used synonymously.
2003-11-30
01.12.2003
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4179
http://www.socwork.net/2003/1/countrynotes/417
Social Work & Society ; 1 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:421
2017-03-27T07:06:11Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
ddc:300
Social services in accession countries
Tomeš, Kristina Koldinská and Igor
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The 1st May 2004 10 new countries joined the European Union. It is one of the most impor-tant events in the history of the European Union and all of Europe. New nations are accessing the Community and so new challenges are emerging. An important challenge is the exchange of information in order to better understand each other. This article aims to outline informa-tion on the social services in selected accession countries - Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary (hereinafter "Visegrad countries").
2004-05-31
01.06.2004
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4215
http://www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/421
Social Work & Society ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:422
2017-03-27T07:06:12Z
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
ddc:300
International social work education at the crossroads
Dominelli, Lena
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
Social work has been a player in the international arena since 1928 when the International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW) was founded alongside its sister organisations, the International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW) and the International Council for Social Welfare (ICSW). These divided their remit into education, practice and policy respectively. Their development has been an interesting one, but the details of it need not detain us here. I only want to lay aside the argument that having an interest in the international domain is a new phenomenon in social work. At the same time, I want to emphasise how impressive it is that a profession that has been so tied into modernity, linked to the modern nation-state (Lorenz, 1994) and rooted in local legislation and traditions has such a long-standing history of involvements that have crossed borders to promote understanding and knowledge-building. In these encounters, social work educators and practitioners have engaged with others who were different from them while struggling to make their interactions egalitarian and respectful ones.
2004-05-31
01.06.2004
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4229
http://www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/422
Social Work & Society ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:423
2017-03-27T07:06:12Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Social Work Education and Training in Europe and the Bologna Process
Labonté-Roset, Christine
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
A short review of the last three decades shows that social work programmes have developed similarly in (almost) all European countries, both in terms of structural and content-related characteristics. Here I would like to focus on the following aspects: Increased academic focus of training, Generalist programme, International/European orientation. Increased academic focus means that social work programmes have been established at uni-versities or comparable higher education institutions, such as universities of applied sciences. The only exception is France where the approximately 150, generally fairly small colleges and the 14 larger instituts regionaux have a hybrid position between vocational colleges and universities and are roughly comparable to academies.
2004-05-31
01.06.2004
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4230
http://www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/423
Social Work & Society ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:424
2017-03-27T07:06:12Z
pub-type:article
ddc:300
journal:socialwork
doc-type:text
Choosing social-educational professions in post-soviet countries: international comparison
Leliugiene, Aiste Urboniene and Irena
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
The motivation functions as the most important and decisive factor in choosing the profession Therefore it has an especially remarkable role in the further professional activity of a social-educational worker to raise one's qualification and progress as a specialist. The issue of the professional motivation for choosing social-educational work-studies is becoming increasingly important in post-soviet countries, where the institution of social worker is new and the social exclusion is so widely expressed. The issue of the professional aptitude of students is also important in various professional fields, however in social-educational professions it's importance is exceptional. The profession of social-educational work is based on competences that are constantly expanding and becoming more and more complex.
2004-05-31
01.06.2004
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4243
http://www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/424
Social Work & Society ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:425
2017-03-27T07:06:13Z
ddc:300
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
journal:socialwork
Neoliberalism, the Third Way and Social Work: the UK experience
Ferguson, Iain
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
For most of the past two decades, the notion that there is no alternative to the market as a basis for organising society has constituted a kind of global 'common sense', accepted not only by the neo-liberal Right but also by social democratic thinkers and politicians, in the form of 'the Third Way'. This paper will critically assess the central claims of neoliberalism in the light of experience in the UK and internationally, evaluate the ways in which Third Way policies are shaping social work in the UK, and in the final section, begin to explore some of the ways in which the anti-capitalist movement which has emerged in recent years might contribute to the development of a new, engaged social work, based on social justice.
2004-05-31
01.06.2004
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4252
http://www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/425
Social Work & Society ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:426
2017-03-27T07:06:13Z
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
journal:socialwork
Modernising Social Work and the Ethics of Care
Parton, Gabrielle Meagher and Nigel
Portrait of an Important International Leader in Social Work
IASSW
USA
Recent attempts to 'modernise' social work have emphasised the importance of collaboration, partnership, and participation with individual users of services and the wider community. However, technical-rational aspects of managerialism have proved dominant. Managerialist approaches to social service administration and delivery threaten important dimensions of social work; specifically its caring and democratic-transformative dimensions. However, social work theorists have only recently begun to re-engage with ideas of care. We argue that closer attention to feminist debates about the ethics of care can make a significant contribution to not only rehabilitating the ideal of care for social work but also to moving forward the modernisation agenda itself. We develop a feminist critique of managerialism, and argue that the discourse of the ethics of care offers useful ways of framing arguments to counter some damaging impacts of managerial reforms.
2004-05-31
01.06.2004
urn:nbn:de:0009-11-4261
http://www.socwork.net/2004/1/articles/426
Social Work & Society ; 2 , 1
eng
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4262
2017-03-27T07:06:13Z
journal:zukunftsforschung
ddc:300
doc-type:text
pub-type:article
Editorial
Redaktion Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung,
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2015-09-22
2015-09-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-42624
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2015/ausgabe-1/4262
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2015 , 1
ger
DPPL
oai:dipp.nrw.de:dipp:4263
2017-03-27T07:06:13Z
pub-type:article
doc-type:text
ddc:300
journal:zukunftsforschung
Neues aus dem Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung
Netzwerk Zukunftsforschung,
300
http://dewey.info/class/300/
2015-09-22
2015-09-22
urn:nbn:de:0009-32-42637
http://www.zeitschrift-zukunftsforschung.de/ausgaben/2015/ausgabe-1/4263
Zeitschrift für Zukunftsforschung ; 2015 , 1
ger
DPPL
X26354028/1